Decorative plaster. How to apply decorative plaster? Decorative plaster walls How to apply decorative plaster in the apartment

The plaster is decorative, the technology of applying it on the surface of the walls is of great interest among the owners of their dwellings. This is one of the most fashionable wall coverings when repairing the premises.

If earlier the plaster was a finishing material that is applied to the surface under the final coating, now it is used itself for the finish coating. Technique of applying decorative plaster, video process, will show this article.

Features of decorative plaster

The material includes:

• Watery base.
• Polymers for ligament.
• Fillerwhich can be:

1. sand;
2. limestone mixture;
3. marble crumb (see plaster with marble crumb: species, features, methods of application).

Decorative plaster perfectly lines the surface and can be applied to many building materials.

In this case, the walls can be:

• Brick.
• Plasterboard.
• Wooden and other.

The material feature is high plasticity, which makes it possible to get different images from it. When adding a small stone and shell, you can create a panoramic pattern.

Tip: Testaled or dry decorative plaster comes on sale. The technical characteristics of it are different, which should be borne in mind, acquiring material for finishing walls indoors.

The material, by type of binding element and the composition of the filler may be:

• Mineral plaster. Consists of lime or cement based on water. The price is the lowest, but there are a number of disadvantages, of which the most basal vibration resistance. Such a material may begin to crack even with a slight vibration in homes, near the railway track, which must be considered.
• Silicate plaster. It has greater resistance to vibrating movements, however, not the highest. In this case, the binding element is liquid potassium glass. The main advantage of the material is not a high tendency to pollution.
• Acrylic plaster . High quality coating compared to two previous. The technology of decorative plaster is performed on the basis of aqueous dispersion of acrylic resins. Such material is drawn up in the inner walls of the premises and facades of houses. The main advantages of it:

1. moisture resistance;
2. heat resistance.

In addition, it is very easy to wash. This type of coating for the bathroom and kitchen is out of competition.

• Silicone plaster. This is the most expensive coating. The binding element here are polymers. When applied to such a decorative coating with your own hands on the wall, it is easy to understand what the material has the most excellent plastic properties, which allows it to apply it even a non-professional worker. In addition, the surface is perfectly clean.

Different fillers determine the type of plaster.

She may be:

• Textual (see Textural Plaster: Features of wall decoration). It is an inexpensive and fairly popular view of the coating. As a filler in it are:

1. wood fibers;
2. mica;
3. small stones;
4. mineral crumb.

Such fillers can obtain a volumetric pattern of the effect, and the walls, under such plaster, acquire the type of the present product of art.

• Structural. Here as a filler used stone and mineral crumb. Elements of quartz are used in the coating.

Repair and design of the walls of an apartment or at home is often unpredictable. Sometimes during the repair, with their own hands, the mass of new ideas that can change the design style of the home of the housing is made to the initial idea. It happens when, after applying to their own hands, new ideas of wall design appear on most of the walls.

Wide possibilities of decorative plaster - it's good and bad

Especially if lucky to see interesting and fresh photos or video about what is better to use and how to properly apply decorative plaster on the wall plane.

Before entering the temptation, change the original idea in the design of the walls and put a new drawing, it is worth estimating soberly several main points:

• The cost of repair, even subject to the fulfillment of basic work on the decor of the walls with their own hands and strict follow-up and estimate and estimate, always grows by 10-15%;
• Apply a new drawing in the same room is easy, but such a move may require alteration most of the plastering finish. To apply it with your own hands in other rooms, to preserve the style of wall design;
• The cost of repair can double and lead to significant losses of time and strength.

Thanks to new materials and techniques for applying decorative plaster, you can even achieve impressive results.

Tip! With all the wishes, the maximum use of the expressive possibilities of decorative plaster, it is worth staying on one initial idea of \u200b\u200bthe design of the walls and complete repairs with minimal costs.

All interesting thoughts about the design of walls with their own hands can be collected and postpone until the next time. Perhaps new money, new premises and new ideas will appear.

When and how to properly apply decorative plaster

Modern wall design options allow you to create the most realistic imitation of a different decorative surface, from a stones of a stone before bas-relief images. But the main advantage of decorative plaster is the incredible flexibility in the selection of the texture of the plane with their own hands. In fact, the use of plaster decor made it possible to apply real artistic images and whole pictures on the walls. 15 years ago, the individual painting of the walls was with their own hands for artists-designers, and cost such pleasure considerable money.

We use decorative plaster

New decorative materials of the walls of the wall by plaster can be called more likely to decorate the way than the means of aligning and protecting the wall masonry. Polymer binders, water-soluble paints and various fillers, which, in fact, are used as the components and bases of plaster materials, and determine the appearance of the decorative component of the walls.

Among the set approaches to the process of applying decorative plaster can be distinguished by several of the dominant directions:

1. If you have a solid hand and good skills in a decorative modeling or picture, perhaps, after a short practice, you will be able to apply an ornament or abstract drawings to the surface in the topic corresponding to the style and destination. It is expensive in practical implementation, and even more expensive then to redo the new one;
2. With good taste and sufficient financial resources, you can use a combination of specific shades and colors with a plane with monotonous relief. It is easier than the previous version of the decorative finish, but will require serious design abilities to coordinate and combine all the apartments in a single intent;
3. More simple and practical compositions make it possible to apply simple plaster decors with restrained terrain or even simple imitation of natural stone, brick or classic decor options.

Tip! If the time and finance reserves do not allow you to apply decorative plaster in all rooms, you can, as an experiment, to allocate in the apartment or in the house the very curve and an unbroken plane and try to apply different types of plaster. This will allow the first to understand and see the advantages of different techniques in front of the maintenance.

Working with decorative plaster

The first two directions of work with decorative plaster will require you to accurately understand all the nuances of colors and the textures of the walls, so before applying a complex decorative pattern with relief images, it makes sense to pre-make sketches or pick up a photo of the corresponding design solutions.

The factory drawing, the harder it is to apply it on the walls. For example, without practice, not everyone can perform decorative plaster with the Effect of Moire, as on video

The decorative composition in the style of Panel will require good knowledge about the properties of plaster and considerable patience in working with it, but the resulting effect is worth it. Beauty and accuracy of work can be evaluated by video

In such cases, the decor is better to apply the specialists with their hands, it is very difficult to achieve this quality.

Important ! In addition to the artistic taste and knowledge of technological subtleties of working with decorative plaster, it should be understood that the material on the surface is hard physically, and the process will require considerable effort and endurance.

In the first experience of using decorative plaster, it is better to choose the easiest version of the drawing and try to apply it with your own hands.

How to apply decorative plaster is the easiest way

Some of the most popular variants of decorative plaster were lime composite compositions, imitating natural materials. Most often use proven practices and many years of use of plaster:

• "Venetian composition", which gives the texture of the wall in the form of an inconceivable number of intertwined relief elements;
• "Marmorino" and "Marseilsky", similar to the surface of marble calcite, with a grid of inclusions and cracks and polished surface transitions;
• Imitation of the surface of natural limestone with an uneven, deliberately coarse and scratched surface, known as "travertine".

Important ! All the above decorative compositions of plasters are very easy to apply on the wall with their own hands to obtain almost 100% of the surface quality.

Venetian drawing of decorative plaster

The secret of the recipe is to use to obtain decorative plasters of conventional ready-made plaster mixes - starting and finishing. Due to this, costs are reduced by approximately half. The initial plaster mass is prepared by the kneading mixtures in the proportion of 50/50 in the amount required to apply 1-1.5 m 2 surfaces.

Before applying, the walls are ground with acrylic primer, and the composition is neatly applied with a spatula and a smoother of a slightly dried surface. The thickness of the decorative plaster layer is on average from 3 to 6 mm. As the decorative basis is applied, the trimmer in the wet material must be applied a relief pattern. Specificity of this work is well understood from the video

Important ! Sometimes there is a problem of the correct connection of two sections of the wall, which causes a solution of decorative plaster with a rupture over time.

Most often, this is due to the need to prepare a new portion of plastering. Therefore, the boundaries of the plots have to "pass" by the tool several times.

After a slight bread, the embossed pattern is rolled by a special tool making a drawing more flat and expressive. As a finishing operation, which is a "highlight" of Venetian plaster, a tinting paint is applied to the surface of the wall with a roller, which gives plaster the color of "old silver". For this, 250 gr. Primers add about 50 grams of dye.

After drying out the drawing, it is necessary to apply acrylic varnish with a small additive of the glitter. It will dry the decorative plaster for quite a long time - to two days, after the final drying, it acquires a slightly lighter shade.

Travertino, which may be easier

This is a plaster composition based on lime and quartz calibrated sand. If it is important for you to combine the beautiful surface texture with the advantages of limestone plaster, then the choice is obvious. Among the advantages of the Italian formulation is the possibility of applying plaster even on cement soil of concrete or brickwork, subject to pre-purification of the surface from dirt and layers and applying a special primer mixture based on sand quartz dust.

Such soil will allow to align and hide the "flaws" walls and improve the adhesion with the decorative layer. On a prepared surface, for example, plasterboard sheets or plastered walls, decorative plaster can be applied into one layer, but with pre-treatment of acrylic primer.

The decorative composition is applied by a spatula and a wide trowel, seeking a uniform layer, a thickness of 3-4 mm. Drawing of plaster must be applied with a roller with a porous surface, the surface process itself is well clear from the video

If you like "brick" ornaments of the surface of the walls, using travertine, you can get a picture of brickwork. To do this, on the pre-prepared surface of the wall glitter the strips of construction tape, imitating seams between brick blocks. Next, you need to apply plaster and separate the strips from the main layer, thereby forming a texture that imitating silicate or ceramic brick.

Conclusion

Simple formulations of decorative plasters do not mean their primitiveness in beauty or design. Most often, similar options are used to apply the basis for hand paintings, painting or applying bas-reliefs from putty mass.

To date, there are many different finishing materials. The most popular of them is decorative plaster.

Her leadership in the market is explained by the fact that it has many advantages. It is durable, easy to care, moisture-resistant, with its cost of low.

Consider how to make decorative plaster yourself.

Types of plaster

This material for decorating premises and facades can have various properties. Depending on the:

• Chemical composition and components.
• Texture and stylistics.
• The number and size of the granules.

Chemical composition and components

Mineral, wonderful value for money. It is made from cement and lime. In stores it is sold in the form of a dry mix. Therefore, before starting work, it must be divorced in water.

Used not only for internal works, but also for decorating facades. Since its composition has water repellent substances.

In addition, it has a number of advantages:

• vapor permeability;
• fire resistance;
• resistant to mechanical damage.

Acrylic plaster is sold ready, in the form of water-dispersion material for decorating.

In its production, a polymer solution is used, which connects the filler. This type of plaster is touched, so the shade can be selected anyone.

Silicone is used to decorate external walls. Therefore, it has various positive characteristics:

• High service life.
• Elastic structure.
• Self-cleaning material.
• High vapor permeability.
• Weather resistant.

Silicate or mineral plaster is very expensive, however, reliable and practical. Since the main component is the potassium glass. It protects the walls from the appearance of fungus.

This plaster is customary to use in the finishing of buildings facades. But you can meet it in the finish of the inner walls.

If it is not possible to buy a ready-made mixture, then at home can make decorative plaster from putty. Using it, you can create texture images.

Texture and style

Venetian creates marble walls. On the photo of decorative plaster, it can be seen how transformed the room. It produces from aqueous solution, lime and marble sand. This type of material is applied only on smooth walls.

The structural is an inhomogeneous mass with granules. It is produced from latex and water. Her granules can have any color. Color range is collected at the factory. However, it is not difficult to choose a color, as manufacturers offer a large palette of different shades.

Textured is the most popular among consumers. Because with its help in the interior of the room you can create a relief on the wall or an image.

Note!

Flock turns the wall into the mosaic. As a rule, it is sold in two tanks. The first is glue, in the second elements of the mosaic. They have already been pre-painted by the manufacturer. It is applied to the wall in stages, first of the glue, then particles of the mosaic.

Linguing applies in cases when it is necessary to create a certain effect on the wall surface. For example, the effect of silk, velor, sandstone. Applying decorative plaster is possible on the facade of the building.

Instructions for applying decorative plaster with their own hands

Previously need to prepare work. You need to remove the old finishing material.

The surface is cleaned, in the presence of cracks and holes are putting. After the wall, it is necessary to handle the primer.

After all the preparatory work is completed, the plaster is applied using a construction tool. Clause material with horizontal or vertical movements. Application thickness is measured by granules. After applying, it dries about a day.

This applying decorative plaster completed. Optionally, it can be painted in another color or decorate with different design elements.

Note!

Decorative plaster walls, an excellent way to quickly and cheap to change the interior of the room.

Photo of decorative plaster with their own hands

Note!

Recently, the application of decorative plaster again won the laurels of the championship. Thanks to the innovative compositions, a huge color palette, a large assortment of tools and devices, such a way of finishing the exterior and inland walls and even the ceilings is popular when decorating interiors in fashionable restaurants and apartments, shopping and entertainment facilities, apartments and cottages.

Characteristics and advantages of material

Stucco, which is applied with the finest layer with a thickness of just a few millimeters, can acquire all sorts of forms and textures. The designation itself "Decorative" directly indicates its main purpose - to give the ground a complete, aesthetically impeccable appearance.

Depending on the design idea, plastered walls can be smooth and brilliant, velvety-matte, or to imitate interesting natural surfaces - stone, wood bark, leather reptiles. The texture depends on the shape and size of the fraction of the grain filler in the mixture, as well as from the receptions and the tools that you use when applying and distributing the composition over the surface.

The TM Dali-Decor® collection presents decorative latter generation plasters, which are created taking into account all the requirements of a modern person to finishing materials. Our coatings perfectly lie on any types of foundations, be it concrete, plaster, brickwork, plasterboard, wood or cement.

The plaster is supplied in plastic buckets in the prepaid for applying. You can only mix the solution thoroughly, and you can begin to apply it to pre-prepared walls. Among the important advantages of our products is worth noting:

moisture resistancewhich allows the use of compounds in rooms where high humidity is always present. This is the perfect solution for the finishing finish of kitchens, bathrooms and, of course, facades of buildings and structures;

• elasticityThrough which the stucco resistance is provided before forming cracks;
• ease of applying and cleaning. Even a novice homemade master can be placed, and the care of it lies in periodic wet cleaning using conventional detergents;
• resistance to the effects of ultraviolet rays, temperature differences;
• unprecedented durability - A regular advantage that directly follows from all listed properties.

Stages of work

Step 1. Preparation of walls. Regardless of what finish coating you have chosen, the walls must be prepared before applying the decorative plaster. When carrying out internal works from the room you need to make all the furniture, freeing the walls from furniture, shelves, paintings, etc. You also need to remove all the remains of the old coating (paint, wallpaper, whitewings). Clean all the discovered and protruding sites on the walls, remove the scattering surface elements, corrosion traces, fungus, mold.

Pile and cracks expand, free from garbage, dust, parties of building materials and close with a solution. However, insignificant surface defects can be left as it is if you plan to use texture formulations. But smooth, such as Venetian plaster, need ideal grounding grounds.

Step 2. Wall tooling. Now you need to check the quality of the walls and determine the degree of their "curvature". In accordance with the results obtained, you can determine how many layers of plaster will be required. Armed with a plumbing and level, spend the walls of the walls, focusing on the shown scheme. To ensure the reasons for the correct verticality and horizontality, exhibit tags and beams in different places, to whose level you will later and you will apply a solution of plaster.

Step 3. Primer. To improve the adhesion of the decorative solution and provide it with the right drying, the walls must be projected. This process is necessary when applied as smooth and textured, structural plaster, flock coatings, etc. GK Rogunda offers primer materials in the assortment, so you can easily choose exactly the one that comes directly for the type of surface treated and the selected finish finish.

The technology of applying decorative plaster requires to give the walls to completely dry in a natural way. The use of a construction dryer or a heater with a fan is not recommended as this can give an undesirable effect of cracker (small cracks). Optimal for drying primer conditions is the temperature indoor 18-25 degrees and humidity of at least 20%.

Step 4. Applying decorative plaster. The factory composition is simply applied to the surface with a spatula, a metal ironing or a special spray, then with certain tools and movements of hands holding a working tool, the wall is given the corresponding pattern or relief. It is necessary to act almost continuously, so as not to give the solution to dry, so that there can be no speech on lunch breaks.

After that, it is necessary to wait for the complete drying of the finish. It is more complicated with the Venetian plaster. Instead of one main layer, several very thin is applied, and not on the whole base, and stains to get a spectacular game of halftones. Secure the base and provide him with a noble glitter you can use the wax TM DALI-DECOR®.

Popular Plaster Application Methods

"Sprinkle". Of all the technologies of decorative plaster, this is perhaps the most simple. The relief in this case is created by spray. After applying the first layer of plaster, wait for it to dry, and then apply another on which you will create texture. In the choice of the working tool, no one limits you - you can take an even ordinary broom, dip it in the mixture and splash on the wall in chaotic order. At the same time, it is not at all necessary that the main layer and embossed "splashes" were one color.

"Bouffant". On the fresh layer of plaster, pass the brush with a metal bristle - vertically, diagonally, a circle or anyhow. 24 hours later, when the surface dries, a spatula or a rapid, remove particles of finishing material that are badly held. As a result, you will get a very nontrivial ornament.

"Stamping". Decorative plaster on the surface is applied with a special roller with a pattern. However, from the usual tool and the rope of the rope wound on its working surface, you can create an excellent device for creating a fashionable invoice that will create the effect of grass stems.

"Sgraffito". In contrast to the methods described, this method is somewhat more complicated, but also a highly artistic result is undoubtedly worth their efforts. The plaster is applied to the surface in several layers, which differ from each other in color or shade. On the upper layer, the drawing is cut on the upper layer (it can be an ornament, pattern or a whole pattern to the entire wall), and the pieces of finishing are removed using cutters or scrapers.

Video applying decorative plasters with various application technologies

More video with various application technologies.

Dali-Decor conducts master classes to apply decorative coatings in their training center. You can learn more about classes on the page.

Decorative plastering together with firmly holds palm of championship among finishing materials. When using natural materials and traditional technologies decorative plaster with their own hands saves up to 80% of the cost of finishing Or allows you to start high-cost small business: components are cheap, and the work is complex and the road.

Another important dignity is a huge wealth of coloring, textures and reliefs, approximately equal in labor intensity and cost. The figure is only a small part of the available textures, each of which has more varieties, and may vary depending on the method of application. In the interior, decorative plaster gives freedom of design: you only need to say which surface is needed, and the masters will do, if only the customer did not require another type of finish.

People with artistic abilities only by plaster can, see the trail of rice. A skilled master can achieve the effect of the full presence of the present in the fictional, as in Fig. left. But, of course, before being taken for such work, you need to completely master all the technology and to the finest nuances feel the material.

Finally, there are many ready-made mixtures on a polymer basis, durable, persistent and intended for different temperature and humidity modes. Although they are not cheap, but the technology of applying decorative plaster industrial production is not difficult, a thorough time-consuming leveling of the underlying surface is not required, so that as a whole, the decorative plaster finishes may be cheaper than ordinary plaster with the subsequent blending of wallpaper and painting.

So what makes it, this wonderful material? Is it possible to make it yourself? How to work with him?

Make a decorative plaster itself from the natural component is easy, only accuracy and a simple tool are needed. Finished mixtures on a polymer basis require industrial manufacturing technology, but it is easier to separate the walls than plastering under the wallpaper or painting. Working with decorative plaster is technically not difficult, but the most accurate robot will not cope with it: some fraction of the artistic taste is needed.

And most importantly, it is not about one material, but about many species and varieties. The mains will be described in this article, but above all - the composition and components. Then - preparatory work, and then - for business.

Components and components

Decorative stucco for internal work consists of a filler that gives a common tone, strength and resistance, pigment (koller), structural (modeling) elements, surface or volumetric, and binding, bonding all this into monolith. The finished coating for increasing surface resistance is lusted - the hardening composition is introduced into a thin surface layer.

Fillers

The most common filler was and remains clean fine white river sand or fine ground quartz sand. For real Venetian plaster (see below), it is partially or completely replaced by marble flour. Extremely distribution is obtained by synthetic self-definkable fillers (hungry, the plaster itself is wrinkled into a unique relief), but the mixture with them is made only in an industrial method and are sold ready.

Pigments

Mixtures give coloring (calper) pigments, mineral and organic synthetic. Natural organic pigments (koshenyle, indigo) in the plaster quickly burn out. Pigment can be in the form of a powder, then it is injected into the filler to mixing; Pasty and liquid pigments are introduced into a ready-to-apply mixture.

To create any color in principle, quite red, green and blue - the main basic colors, but the plaster itself does not shine, its color is created by subtracting additional colors from the reflected white. In colorimetry, this method of coloring is called subractive.

Therefore, to get clean and / or deep tones, you need additional colors: yellow, blue (turquoise), purple (purple, purple), and Key Color; With a white substrate, the key will be the black. Synthetic pigments of any color on sale more than enough, and from mineral for natural plaster can be recommended as follows:

• Red - Red ocher, calcined hematite, red cadmium. Kinovar - in no case, this is the connection of mercury! Cadmium is also toxic, but not flying, chemically racks and from the plastering layer does not migrate.
• Yellow - Yellow ocher, aurapygment, yellow suj.
• Green - Malachite (ground), pseudomalahit, kerchinite, green chrome, diamond green in powder.
• Blue - blue (mark. Item) in a mixture with zinc or titanium levies; Azurit and dioptases of the road.
• Blue - Lazurject (Lapis-Azure), Blue Cobalt, Vivianitis (Mineral Indigo).
• Purple - Called lazuli, manganese oxides. Pharmacy manganese is not suitable, and not at all due to the regulated turnover: chemically aggressive (strong oxidizing agent), actively migrates.
• Brown - Dark ocher, Iron Surik.
• The black - Sale gas, charcoal.

Notes:

1. Purple, purple and purple; Blue with turquoise - visually different colors. But they belong to one spectrum zone - mixing them with yellow, you can get the same red or green, only the ratio of the component will be different.
2. Gas soot do not embroider from the chimney. It is sold precisely as a pigment in construction and art stores.

In general, for decorative plaster walls will go any mineral pigments for machine painting, it's only in price. There is also a difference - write an icon, which will then buy for several thousand dollars, or separate two dozen squares, putting in the family budget. Metal powders are used as a pigment.

Organic pigments are cheaper than many mineral, can be iridiating (pearl, metallic) and fluorescent (sightening after irradiation by the Sun). But keep in mind - the organic, which would not fade the decade, not to mention the centuries, no and in principle can not be. The highest achieved of its resistance to ultraviolet reached today is 80 years, at the price of a $ 4 coating per square inch.

Modeling elements

To form a texture surface into the mixture, or span on the finished coating, of various kinds of flakes, fibers, granules, up to gold balls. More information will be said in the description of the species of plasters, but it is important to know: Mineral plaster mixes are structured very badly. You need to or accurately comply with proven recipes, or have tremendous work experience to experiment yourself.

Binder

For plaster use mineral and organic polymeric binders. The first are not very sticky, but tested for centuries and cheap; The second - tightly adhere to anything, in addition to pure glass, polished metal, polyethylene and fluoroplast, are well drawn when dried, but roads and operating less than 100 years.

Mineral

Cement and simple plaster for decorative plaster are not used: the first gives too a coarse surface and the dirty tone coloring, and the second is definitely. There are mixtures on sale based on plaster modified polymer additives, but their reliability of centuries has not yet been tested.

Natural decorative plaster is most often done on a limestone test. She cheaze is durable, durable, allows you to use a variety of decorative techniques, but its adhesive ability is small, so good, and quite time-consuming, surface preparation. The relief can be obtained only by smearing wet or stencil - not plastic, does not stretch.

Sometimes, for not particularly responsible for design, but requiring increased resistance of coatings (for example, in the hallway), they take plaster on the binder of liquid glass - silicate. It is durable, well lipnet, but rough, and not any pigment can be introduced into it.

For particularly responsible cases, the binder takes magnesian: caustic magnesite (magnesium oxide) Mgo, navigated with an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride MgCl2. The components are caustic, individually dangerous, the mixture must be prepared immediately before use, strictly observing the rules of the chemical technology, but the plaster comes out extremely durable and moisture resistant.

Organic

The main organic binders are acrylic resin and silicone, which is already a silicon. Both the more perfectly lipnet and stretches. Acrylic is much cheaper; The price of the finished coating is comparable to such on the mineral unit; Layer thickness - up to 12 mm. Silicone is very expensive, but allows you to make convex bas-reliefs, burners and even a round sculpture.

Mixes

The standard composition of plastering mixtures for interior decoration is:

1. filler - 3 weights;
2. binder - 1 weight part;
3. pigment - 2-12% of the weight of the mixture according to the results of the pussy, see below;
4. modeling additives - on secret branded technology or results of their own unique experience.

Note: In the stucco on the acrylic binder, up to 80-90% of the filler with the pigment in the aggregate, as for liquid stone can be administered. The wall for such plaster should be prepared as under the Venetian on an acrylic substrate, see further, and still limit the 4 parts of the filler with a pigment to 1 part of the binder - the plaster is not a tabletop, it does not lie, but hanging on the wall.

Spray

The decoration of walls with decorative plaster is unthinkable without trial paintings. They are needed not only for the selection of tone and check texture, but also for samples on the strength of the fit: after complete drying of the sample, the samples turn over the bottom or put on the ass and tapping along its back side of the roller handle or spatula. If not falling off - it will also hold onto the wall.

Spots are made on a plywood shield of 0.5x0.5 m with a thickness of 8-20 mm. Plywood is needed without impregnation, the simplest, on casein glue, of coniferous rocks or birch. It is impossible to replace the phaneer with plasterboard or other slab materials: it is a simple plywood on Kazyin holds plaster just like a prepared wall.

Note: plywood for a paint need not stratified and new, not dusty and not excited. Dust and depths dramatically reduce the adhesive susceptibility of the substrate.

Lessentia

Fasteling is the final operation of decorative plaster. Its appointment is to give relief and / or painting surface resistance. The traditional method of lesing the old mineral plasters - beeswax: a piece of wax is drawn the surface to the surface, then triturated by a horn sponge, thin felt or squeezing leather.

wax for lesing

Wax lescing is a time-consuming and responsible operation. The wax is applied and tritura repeatedly, and at the same time you need not to erase the relief and do not wipe the drawing. Suffice it to say that the quality of lescing in the old days was checked by applying the palm to the opposite side of the wall: it should have been trapered from heating with friction.

Nowadays, it is licked either with a transparent acrylic varnish - it easily penetrates into the surface layer of any plaster - either by special lesing compositions of one-time application; They are simply applied with a roller or brush. But there is a nuance: if a ready-made mixture is used, then you need to lick the composition of the same manufacturer, and intended for this mixture. Check for compatibility all which is in the market, plaster products is physically impossible.

It must be said that some manufacturers shamelessly use this circumstance for mercenary purposes: the mixture seems to be inexpensive, and the lesing for it ... There are no words, one original Russian abnormative. Therefore, choosing a ready-made mixture, be sure to read in the company instruction than it is recommended to lush, and ask how much it costs. In the extreme case, the acrylic varnish has not yet spoiled any plaster.

Video: An example of lesing in the roller of the manufacturer of varnishes

Tool

For work on decorative plaster, in addition to the usual plastering tool, it will also be needed: textured rollers, stamps, rubber sponge, see Fig. The set of gears, especially if the design of the modern clone is supposed to be assumed.

The rollers and stamps should, firstly, be softly elastic, otherwise it will be not a unique relief, and rolling roll. Secondly, they should not blame the mixture. For permanent use, it is better to get rollers with teflon or polyester coating - they are durable. For one-time amateur work it is better to purchase cheap polyethylene.

About sponges for rubbing should be said especially. Luxury finish is still rubbed by natural marine horny sponges; To sell, they go like "coral", although the sponge is not the coral at all, and they are expensive. Two types of horny sponges are produced: toilet and horse. The first is more gentle, goes to the finishing grout, and the second, Belubee - on the draft.

However, practice shows that horny sponges successfully replaces the usual two-layer kitchen sponge for dishes. Its rigid fibrous side lead a rough trinket, and soft foam - finishing. The kitchen sponge on the plaster is very quickly wearing, but also worth the pennies.

Preparation of walls

Preparation of walls for decorative plaster is performed in the following order:

• Close up cracks.
• Sturdy cement putty.
• Sokol on weight without lighthouses, even no water; Ideal evenness, like under painting or wallpaper, it is not necessary - the decor will hide small disadvantages.
• Carefully dust with dry mellitz, then seized with a vacuum cleaner with a dust collector.
• Under all the plasters, except Venetian - grind the primer deep penetration on stone or plaster.
• Under the Venetian plaster - make the substrate with sand, see below.

Lighthouses in the base plaster can not be used for the following reason: the base layer may not be very smooth, but should be perfectly homogeneous. Closed grooves from remote beacons, dried lonely lighthouses, this homogeneity violate that through a couple of years will lead to detachment of the decor.

Basic plaster is better to take warm on the stripped vermiculite. Foam, etc. It is not durable, and in a decorative plaster, as anywhere else, it is necessary to observe the immutable finishing principle: strong and heavy should not lie down on light and weak.

Why do you need warmer plaster? The decor is essentially heterogeneous, due to which it is sensitive to the temperature gradient (temperature difference) in the thickness of the layer. Bearing walls are now building more from silicate bricks and concrete with a rather high thermal conductivity, which is why the gradient can go beyond the limits of permissible. If the box is made of ceramic bricks, then they are not heading now with the furnaces, but radiators, and the walls of the meter thickness do not make it possible to give the same result.

Lining near Venetian

The application of natural venetian plaster requires significant physical effort, and the sand replacement with marble dust reduces the adhesion of the mixture. In addition, that Venetianka showed itself in all its glory, the substrate under it should reflect light with glitter.

An old way to primer under the Venetian - painting lead or zinc-ledges (draja) on linen oil with an admixture of small quartz sand and a hammer and impellent pearl value. Now the base surface under the Venetian is painted by pearl acrylic paint, also with the additive sand, to improve the adhesion due to roughness.

How much is sand? Approximately 5-15% by weight. Accurately determine the breakdown on the nail to dry dust: the nail should go easily and smoothly, and a uniform-rough white spot should remain on it. If separate scratches are visible - the sand is small or it is too large. If it slows down like the sandpaper - a lot of sand.

Is it possible to grind in the old manner? Not recommended. First, replacing the pearls cheaper, but still there is no sense expensive pearl. Secondly, the urban apartment is not a generic nest. Once again, the repair will be, and the oil absorbed into the wall will show themselves with spots on wallpaper or paint, and it is very difficult to get rid of them.

Work techniques

Methods for applying decorative plaster are somewhat different from them for usual, and include additional operations: tinted, modeling, rubbing, lesing. There is already said about the lesing; How to do Venetian, will be said especially further. Here we will talk about general techniques of handmade. Mechanized methods: spray for the preparation of icicles on the ceiling, etc. - Subject of a separate conversation.

There is another significant difference: decorative is possible, and you need to do a multi-layered, for an artistic effect. She shouldn't keep anything else, but the lesing will strengthen it. The layers can be up to 15 or more, how much material allows: the thickness of the finished coating according to the relief valves should not exceed 6 mm. The layers can be both solid and piety, but necessarily wet on wet. Let the previous one already started to be captured, but it should be wet in appearance and to the touch.

Application

The finished "decorative" should be applied, of course, not fallast and rule for beacons, but a wide spatula on weight. The mixtures are rather viscous, the spatula is more convenient to pull with two hands, and small irregularities do not matter, because Further finishes are not assumed.

Spatula, smooth or gear, pull from bottom to top vertical or inclined stripes. In contrast to the usual, decorative is permissible, for the sake of the aesthetic effect, to apply a rotor to the rays or with a Sgon to the center. The spatula is pulling with small waves, shaking across; So the mixture will stick to the wall better.

Tinting

The applied layer can be squeezed (smoked) over, applies a thin layer of the same mixture on it with a shaggy roller or a flushes brush, but with an additional color and discharged water adding. You can scroll as wet on wet, under the modeling, and already grabbed, but still raw layer - under trigge.

Lepak

The modeling (which can be done with rollers, stamps or just a finger in a latex glove) not only creates relief. The model of a wet tinted layer accelerates pigment to the tops of the relief, which already gives some flower transition.

Rubrota

The rubbing of the layer is made for the following:

1. Black sponge - under the next layer.
2. She is a rough and finance - to grow the spots applied with stains.
3. Sokol or a spatula for barely grabbed the relief - to smooth its vertices to one level and highlight it with color; So rub the plaster type of coroede.

Stucco on stencil

Semantic images by plaster can be made by a stencil with a thickness of 1.5-4 mm. The screen layer can be both final and intermediate. If the previous layer is smooth, the stencil is easier to make from cardboard; If the relief is polyecene or soft rubber. The mixture is rubbed into a spatter with a narrow spatula or ride an end brush. To highlight the color, a bit of a snack pattern is watched, or vice versa, rub the sponge to it.

Video: decorative stucco on stencil

About dry

Decorative plaster is dried in a ventilated room only in a natural way. The impact of direct sunlight is unacceptable: besides the hiding open windows of gauze or tulle, you need to arrange a temporary visor or inside the window. Accelerate the drying in any way is unacceptable, except for individual sections for craklers, see below.

You can open your creation for a review in a day in clear weather or two in a cloudy, and use the room in a week. To set the next layer, it takes from 2 to 12 hours depending on the type of plaster and temperature. 15 hours after applying the layer, it is considered unsuitable wet wet on wet. This is already or finish, or all the work is spoiled.

Types of plastecocks

Types of decorative plaster With all of their diversity, it is not so difficult to classify if we proceed from the final result:

• Venetian - can be considered, the progenitian of all others.
• Stucco (reviewed earlier).
• Stuccoings are exceeding (fibrous).
• Textured.
• Structural.
• Flock-plaster.
• Modeling plaster.

Venetian

Venetian plaster was in ancient Rome invented. In antique times, marble was a massive building material, from the processing of which there was a lot of waste. Practical Romans Moli in dust and replaced with it white sand, which in nature is not so much. Then they noticed that the thin layer shines, and began to apply a layer, thoroughly rubbing each layer (slave labor cost cheap), which made it possible to obtain coatings, translucently as a real marble, but suitable for weak and curved walls. Applying a piece of layers with a filler of colored ground stone, imitated travertine and others. Facing materials.

I brought to perfection the technology of Venetian in the XVI century. One of the Titans of Renaissance, the greatest architect of the West Andrea Palladio. He began to create artistic artistic images to create technician venetian technique. Now Venetian woman is reborn, which is a lot of cheap prices for marble flour (mining companies offer in need) and the emergence of inexpensive and low-profile acrylic paints and lacquers for substrate and lescing. Venetian is repeatedly and described with knowledge, so we will reveal only individual secrets.

Craquelure

Venetian is often artificially aged, making fracture - cracker. The technology is simple: the layer is covered with a special croclastic varnish (expensive). Frozen, he swears and pulls plaster.

There is a way to reduce the cracker and make it more natural in appearance without reducing the strength of the coating. But it must be predetermined on the paints:

• The splashing area is dried, constantly controlling the infrared emitter with the reflector; The ancient electrocamine-bowl is well suitable.
• Slightly outlined cracks or earlier, depending on the experience, heating is stopped, the cracks themselves will spread.
• In the cracks of the dental spatula, the plaster composition was wired to black or dark gray gas soot; You can add a dark suj.
• The remnants of the filler are erased with a sponge.
• Apply a subtle translucent solid layer without a flaker.

Video: The method of applying the Venetian plaster cracker

Carrara

Do not get carried away with colored spots. If not be lazy to apply 10-12 layers, and some already exist, the filler will take a purely white marble flour on the lime, and remove the wax, even a subtle connoisseurs immediately does not differ such Venetian from the exquisite CarRarskokok marble, whose field is now almost exhausted.

Strank

Dynamot bodies on natural marble - inclusion of bituminous marble. Their imitation is easy to get artificially: the next portion of the mixture with gas soot is 5-15%, make brushes with a curved medical spatula and rub with a sponge. The next solid layer without a flaper is required.

Video: lesson on Venetian plaster

Wax

Venetian has a serious drawback and at the same time dignity: it breathes, i.e. hygroscopic. But after all, in the bathroom, I sometimes want to make decorative plaster for any natural stone. Here the French were inventors: someone came up with the cellulose (vegetable) fibers, finely frightened and wrapped in wax in the filler 1 / 4-1 / 5. So the plaster "Marseille wax" appeared, in fig. Left, completely waterproof.

Replacing cellulose by lignin from wood waste, then received Andalusian wax (in the center), more coarse-like, but also cheaper. Now all the "wax" plaster for premises with high humidity make ready-to-use on acrylic; Their collective name - Misuri type plaster, on the right in fig.

Video: An example of Roman plaster under stone

Fibrous

The next step in increasing the strength and aesthetic advantages of plaster coatings was made again the Italians. Instead of plant fibers, animals applied animals in the form of silk threads, having received a velvety plaster from the outstand, on the left in Fig. In modern times, the classic expensive excellent replaced the synthetics on acrylic, it is not inferior to it.

Trademarks of analogues of the outstand - Venelton (center) and Velvevex (right). What is the difference between them, really can not explain the manufacturers themselves. In a breaking judgment, it is believed that in Velveton, a fibrous additive is collected in more or less distinct conglomerates, and in Velvevex is more or less uniformly distributed. Both are sold ready to use.

Textured

- invention of high-tech eras. In essence, it is no longer plaster, but liquid wallpapers: textured elements are introduced into the finished mixture in the manufacture. Texture plaster is applied without features; Finished surface - smooth. Most often, it is not necessary to break. There are textured plaster imitating venetian, but they do not breathe.

The texture can be as chaotic (see Fig. Left) and regular, and even with a claim for expressiveness: Listers, flowers, butterflies, etc. Textural plasters are in a state of violent evolution in the direction - splashed on the wall of the bucket, dried, It turned out from Jocona or Venus Botticelli.

Textural plasters are used, as a rule, in the kitchen and in other small rooms with a complex temperature and humid regime, but where a motley cheerful design is required: they are too expensive for finishing large areas, but absolutely hygienic and hygroscopic. For the bedroom and children do not suit - glare and do not breathe.

Structural

With structural plasters there is some confusion in definitions: some relate to them any embossed plaster, incl. stucco and screening (see fig. In the paragraph and at the beginning of the text); Other structural consider only ready-to-use self-defined, i.e. Such who acquire a random unique relief when drying. We adhere to the second point of view, because The technology of application of those and others will vary greatly: some must be made by hand with a rather developed artistic taste, and others simply smear the spatula, and the final result does not depend on the will and the wishes of the master.

Self-defining ready-made plaster are manufactured in industrial conditions, but the choice is extremely rich, and the range is expanding all the time. They are made on acrylic with synthetics, suitable for interior decoration of any premises.

Chassis texture - a koroed (second and third left), terraco, to the right is rapidly cheaper thanks to the mineral filler; It is obtained by rolling roller and grouting along the top spatula. Structural plasters are easily supplemented by screen, because Relief is low.

Videos: Structural application of plaster

Flock

Flock in German snowflake. Flocks (non-ice, of course) are sprayed with a special sprayer on a plated surface covered with glue, see left in Fig. Upon drying of the glue, poorly adhesive flocks look with a brush or brush and, also from a spray gun, acrylic varnish are applied. Flocks, glue and the underlying plaster mix are sold ready-to-use in dials or separately. In this case, on the packing of flocks is indicated, with which underlying plaster and on which glue they are compatible.

Some craftsmen make flocks themselves, pounce as a handful and blown, barely begin to catch adhesive, a strong narrow jet of air from the vacuum cleaner, to gently press. The homemade flock-plaster is well obtained only by acrylic main; Silicone or mineral flocks glued weakly.

Modeling

Modeling plasters, in essence, variety of flocks: foreign granules are introduced into a ready-to-use mixture during its manufacture. Variating the composition of the mixture, sizes, material and shape of the granules, get coatings of "lames", under a fur coat, "orange crust", "rain", etc., see before. Fig. Application technique - ordinary or spraying.