Do-it-yourself stationary electric jigsaw machine. Homemade jigsaw - design and manufacture at home

Since childhood, we are familiar with the technology of cutting with a jigsaw. The principle is simple - the stationary part is placed on a support with a technological cutout, the sawing is done by moving the file. The quality of work depends on the firmness of the hands and the skill of the employee.

In this way, you can literally cut lace from thin wooden or plastic blanks. However, the process is laborious and slow. Therefore, many craftsmen thought about small-scale mechanization.

Simple construction from the last century

Even the magazine "Young Technician" offered drawings of how to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands. Moreover, the design does not imply an electric drive, the drive works from muscle power, like a knife grinder.

The machine consists of the main parts:

frame (A)
work table (B) with a slot for the canvas
lever system (B) to hold the saw blade
flywheel (D), which is the primary drive pulley
crank mechanism (D), combined with the secondary drive pulley, and driving the levers (B)
pedal assembly (E) with a crank mechanism that drives the flywheel (D)
saw blade tensioner (W)

With the feet of the foot, the master sets the flywheel (D) in motion. With the help of a belt drive, the crank mechanism (D), connected to the lower lever (B), rotates. A file is stretched between the levers, the degree of tension is adjusted with a lanyard (G).

With a well-balanced flywheel, the saw blade runs smoothly enough, and such a homemade jigsaw machine allows you to massively saw the same type of workpiece, saving time and effort. In those days, jigsaw blades were produced in the form of a flat, unidirectional band.

Therefore, to obtain patterns of complex shapes, it was necessary to rotate the workpiece around the canvas. The dimensions of the workpiece are limited by the length of the arms (B).

From jigsaw to electric one step

The foot drive cannot give real freedom of action and uniformity of the file. It is more reasonable to adapt an electric motor for the crank mechanism. However, if you use a tabletop jigsaw from time to time, there is no point in making a stationary structure with its own motor.

You can use a household power tool. For example - a screwdriver with a speed controller.
Materials are used, literally from wood scraps and old trash. The only critical detail is the bed. It is better to make it from durable plywood with a thickness of at least 18 mm.

We make all connections on wood screws, the joints can be greased with PVA glue. From the same material, we collect a support pedestal for the lever bar. The design of the support should not have any backlash, the subsequent accuracy of the entire machine depends on its strength.

Using a desktop jigsaw at home, you can make furniture, beautiful patterned shelves, and much more. The mechanism allows you to cut straight and sinuous parts from wood, plastic and dense foam. In order for a homemade device to fully meet the requirements, it is necessary to carefully select the appropriate design.

Design and specifications

The device of any model of jigsaw must contain:

saw;
crank assembly;
drive unit;
saw tensioner;
desktop;
auxiliary mechanisms.

The processed material is placed on the work table. Some models are equipped with a swivel device that changes the surface slope. To make it easier to make a marking of the material with your own hands, a graduation is applied to the surface.

The larger the table, the longer the cut can be made. On average, this figure is 30 - 40 cm.

The drive power for a homemade benchtop machine is about 150 watts.

The crank assembly converts the rotary motion of the drive into reciprocating and transfers it to the saw. On average, the frequency of vibrations of the saw blade per minute is 800 - 1000. The amplitude of vertical movement is not more than 5 cm. Some models allow you to select the speed of movement depending on the properties of the material.

A hand jigsaw saw can work with wood, plastic, no more than 10 cm thick, having a length of up to 35 cm. For different types of materials and work, the files vary, their width is 2 - 10 mm.

A manual tensioning device secures the saw blade for even cutting, it consists of coil or spring springs.

Types of machines

All jigsaw devices can be structurally divided:

with lower support;
with double support;
on a suspension;
with a degree scale and stops;
universal.

The most common are models with a lower support. Their bed is divided into two halves: a lower and an upper one. At the top is the cutting and cleaning module. At the bottom there is a control module, an electric motor, a transmission mechanism and a toggle switch. Allows to process sheets of material of any size.

Models with double support differ in that there is an additional rail on the upper half of the bed. Such devices are good for creating oversized parts. They are easier to install than the previous version. Both models allow processing materials no thicker than 8 cm. The machine comes with a work table with adjustable angle and height.

Suspended machines are not equipped with a monolithic bed, they are very mobile. During processing, the cutting unit moves, not the material. The working module is usually attached to the ceiling by hand, so the size of the material is unlimited. The cutting tool moves by hand independently of the bed, creating highly complex patterns.

Machines with a degree scale and stops are good for precise drawing work. The design allows you to avoid errors. Universal jigsaw machines can perform several operations associated with cutting: drilling, polishing, grinding.

Making a machine with your own hands

Drawing of a homemade desktop jigsaw: 1 - rocking insert (2 pcs.), 2 - earring (2 pcs.), 3 - table, 4,6 - screws, 5 - pull rod, 7 - eccentric, 8 - base, 9 - axes of earrings, 10 - upper rocker arm, 11 - rocker arm axis, 12 - lamb, 13 - tension screw cross member (2 pcs), 14 - tension screw, 15 - rocker arm, 16 - lower rocker arm, 17 - box, 18 - double-ribbed pulley, 19 - intermediate shaft, 20 - rack bushing, 21 - table plate, 22 - bearing with cover (2 pcs.), 23 - electric motor pulley.

In the drawing of a do-it-yourself desktop machine, the number of nodes must be minimized, these are: a rocking chair with a fixed saw, a bed and an electric motor. You can take the engine from an old electric car.

Owners of a manual jigsaw are more fortunate. You can make a stand from a sheet of plywood and attach a jigsaw to it. To fix the jigsaw with your own hands, you will have to make holes in the base of the tool. The simplest model is ready.

Now about more complex and functional ones. The bed is made by hand from 12 mm plywood, thick plastic or PCB. It is a base, a box for placing the engine and mechanisms, and a work table. On the other hand, we have a rocking chair with an eccentric. They are interconnected by a metal plate with bushing bearings. The whole structure is fastened with screws. Prepare a pair of bearings to mount the intermediate shaft. The double-ribbed metal pulley is pushed onto the shaft as tightly as possible, the screw connection is fixed. You can make an eccentric in the same way.

To change the amplitude of movement of the rocker, four round through holes with threads are made on the eccentric flange, located at different distances from the axis. By changing the location of the screw, adjust the swing of the rocking chair. It consists of a pair of wooden rocker arms hinged to the rack. The rear ends of the rocker arms contain through cuts and tension screws are inserted into them. A file is fixed to the ends in front, movable due to metal hinges. Before fastening, the file is inserted into the groove of the table working surface.

The file attachment mechanism is very important. When making a homemade device with your own hands, you should pay special attention to it. The rocker arm insert plates carry constant loads during movement, therefore they are rigidly fixed and tightened with screws and Grover washers. The fastening shackles should not be strongly compressed by the screws, allowing the plate's hinge axis to move.

The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a homemade jigsaw is most often due to the shortcomings that a factory hand tool has. You can make a small desktop machine with your own hands, which will include a pusher, a reciprocating motor, a file tensioning system. At the same time, you do not need complex drawings - having understood the essence, it is easy to achieve a result.

How to make your own rig

The desire to create a homemade jigsaw can arise for several reasons:

There is no power supply in the workshop, but it is possible to use low-power internal combustion engines.
There are pneumatic motors, but the compressor power is not enough for a serial tool.
The electric motor is powered by batteries or solar panels, the power source is not enough to use the power tool.
It is required to obtain the parameters of the saw movement that are unattainable when using a serial tool.

It is not difficult to design a jigsaw. A typical structure looks like this:

The unit is easy to adapt to any torque source. A pair of pulleys (one is located on the motor shaft, the other drives the crank mechanism) allow you to vary the gear ratio, reducing the load on the power unit and allowing you to get the required revolutions (they are also responsible for the number of saw strokes per minute) on the actuator.

The machine built according to the above scheme can have a very different configuration, the material of manufacture is also selected individually. An example of a complete installation looks like this:

Disadvantages of a manual jigsaw

The manual jigsaw is designed to form even cuts. At the same time, as the rollers, rod, pusher wear out, the saw runout and deviation from the straight line, a change in the angle of attack can be observed. Regardless of the quality of the tool nodes, the following features are always present:

When the saw becomes blunt, there is a deviation from the straight line when cutting material of uneven density (for example, low quality chipboard). The saw is able to leave the cutting line when it encounters a knot in the wood.
When trying to make a curly radius cut, the following picture can be observed: the upper cut line, followed by the worker, follows an exact trajectory, the lower one deviates, goes to the side, the radius becomes larger. The higher the wear of the tool and the lower the sharpness of the saw, the more pronounced this phenomenon is.
Certain materials cannot be handled with a grab or bottom feed. The carpenter is required to drive the tool forward extremely evenly, which cannot be done very accurately, as a result of which the saw beats along the path of entry and exit.

It is even more difficult to work with thin, shaped saws. If there is no practice, it is very difficult to achieve a good result, especially on thick slabs or wood materials. Let's consider how you can make the carpenter's job easier and the result better.

Standard solutions

The machine from a manual jigsaw is made on the basis of a simple table. This device is widespread, it is mass-produced, samples can be seen in the photos below.

The mechanics of work are simple:

The jigsaw clearly fixes the tool, ensuring that there is no human factor (the hand can lead the jigsaw unevenly).
The presence of the support allows the device to move without deviations along the path.

With the help of the table, jigsaws begin to cut in a straight line, but the possibilities of such a device are limited. If you remove the side stop and try to guide the workpiece, forming a curved cut, the same saw deflection problems arise. The problem can be solved by using a simple saw, rigidly fixed by a pair of rollers. Making curved cuts is now convenient and fast. How homemade and industrial products of this type look like is shown in the following photos.

Tensioning devices for shaped cuts

To make very thin and accurate curly cuts, you can make a machine from a jigsaw with a saw blade tension system. The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating it yourself is as follows:

A very thin saw is used, ideally for a hand jigsaw.
A clamp is attached to the rod of the power tool, which will tighten the cutting blade.
The trajectory stabilization system will regulate both one freedom of movement and two (horizontal and vertical).

A clamp of a hand jigsaw is used as a tension block, to which an adapter is made, which in turn is inserted into the clamping device of the power tool stem. To provide adjustment of one freedom of movement, a pair of corners and a bolt are used. The result of the implementation of the idea is shown in the following photo.

The saw provides a clear vertical movement, good tension can be created, but there is a necessary runout in the horizontal direction. The blade goes with a catch, does not move in a straight line.

The development of this idea is in the next photo. Here the part fixing the trajectory moves, and the metal clamp provides structure rigidity and mechanical resistance.

The system is stabilized in two degrees of freedom, the cut made with it is neat and precise. By using a diamond-coated cord for a hand-held jigsaw, you can cut glass without creating sloppy chips at the edges.

Accessories for extremely delicate work

If it is necessary to operate extremely delicately and slowly, it will be necessary to reduce the force on the cutting blade and at the same time ensure strong tension and precise movement of the file. For this, a homemade jigsaw is equipped with spacers with long arms.

In this case, the power tool does not act in the cutting zone, but at a certain distance. This allows, depending on the wishes of the joiner, to adjust the effort, speed and range of motion of the saw. One of the options for implementing the idea is shown in the following photo.

Depending on the needs of the master, the structure can be made of steel, have additional fixing zones, the power tool is not installed rigidly, but with the ability to move within its support beam.

In practice, such solutions are rarely used. For delicate works that are performed constantly, it is much more profitable to purchase a specialized band sawing machine that will ensure quality and productivity.

As can be seen from the presented designs, a jigsaw can be made even from a sewing machine with a moving rod.

tehnika.expert

Do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw | Construction portal

A tabletop jigsaw is an indispensable thing for any owner who is accustomed to independently cope with household chores. Electric jigsaws are especially good for residents of the private sector, lovers of manual labor and summer cottages. From its prototype, an ordinary hand-held jigsaw, the desktop electric model has gone far enough. The tabletop jigsaw allows you to facilitate and speed up the cutting procedure, not to mention improving the quality.

The concept of a tabletop jigsaw

A jigsaw is a saw, which is characterized by the reciprocating movements of the saw blade, which acts as a working body. It has a ski designed to guide the saw blade when moving over the surface that is being processed, and makes movements with a frequency of up to 3000 vibrations per minute.

This tool was invented in 1946. Its creator is Albert Kaufman, who replaced the needle in the sewing machine with a blade. The instrument appeared on the market already in 1947. The manual jigsaw has a flat platform body and a handle. The main difference between an electric jigsaw and a manual one is its greater functionality and cutting quality.

Inside there is an electric motor and a special mechanism that drives the blade. In stationary jigsaws, there is no handle, and the platform is located on top. In the front part of the mechanism there is a guide, in the lower part there is a retractable canvas that moves and makes cuts.

The tool works as follows: a file for a tabletop jigsaw is securely fastened with clamps in the slide. Reciprocating movements have a frequency of up to 3000 strokes and can be adjusted. The support platform allows the jigsaw to focus on the part being cut, so the work is carried out very precisely.

The purpose of the table jigsaw

The jigsaw is an integral part of every workshop and every hobbyist. Its thin file can successfully cut plywood, copper, iron, thick boards, brass, steel. The tools are motor driven, foot driven or hand driven and are more powerful. An electric jigsaw is simply irreplaceable for joiners, woodworkers, furniture decorators, drywall workers who make complex parts.

The electric jigsaw can make straight and curved cuts on workpieces with complex shapes and various sheet materials without disturbing the outer contour. Most often, table jigsaws are used to cut wood and wooden slabs, figures with a complex outline made of laminate and drywall, plastic blanks, and also for cutting sheet metal.

The benchtop electric jigsaw makes clean, complex cuts and works with fine parts. Due to the stable and fixed position during operation, a high cutting accuracy is achieved. The saw has a stable ride thanks to the tensioning system and guides, which manual jigsaws do not. The large size of the table makes it stable, so the exact direction of sawing is observed.

Types of jigsaws

Today, a wide variety of jigsaws are presented on the power tool market, which differ in the nature of their application, technical characteristics, type of power supply and design features. In hardware stores, you can buy a desktop jigsaw for every taste and wallet.

It is difficult to classify according to design features, because each manufacturer seeks to provide its products with features that are designed to facilitate and improve the operation of the tool. In this respect, the shape of the handle is an important parameter.

Two types of handle have settled - mushroom and D-shaped. The staple jigsaw requires one-handed operation. This increases the possibilities of using a jigsaw, but somewhat negatively affects the quality of the cut of the material.

Mushroom handles allow for more accurate cuts when holding the jigsaw with two hands, after fixing the workpiece to be cut. The choice of a jigsaw with a specific handle shape depends on the financial capabilities and personal preferences of the buyer. It is worth choosing the jigsaw with which it will be more convenient to work.

Household jigsaws are not intended for intensive use, but the low price of a tabletop jigsaw and the power that is enough for domestic needs make them indispensable in the household.

Professional jigsaws are characterized by high wear resistance and the possibility of daily use for many hours (up to 8 hours). The significant power of such jigsaws allows you to process materials of great thickness. Extended equipment and improved performance are reflected in the price.

Among professional jigsaws, industrial ones also stand out, which are characterized by greater adaptability to complex operations and drive features - for example, increased power supply voltage. Industrial models are machines that are designed for the woodworking industry.

According to the type of power supply, there are network and battery jigsaws. Networked models are supplied with standard voltage mains. If performance is important to you, then it is worth choosing a corded power tool.

Cordless jigsaws provide independence from the presence of outlets and more mobility during work. When buying a rechargeable model, you should pay attention to the type of battery. The increased performance is inherent in lithium-ion batteries. The capacity of the battery is responsible for the operating time without recharging.

Advantages of desktop jigsaws

A tabletop electric jigsaw is a stationary structure, so this type of cutting tool has many advantages. Modern models can work with wood materials 40-50 millimeters thick. A narrow saw acts as a working body, which makes vertical reciprocating movements. Due to the peculiarities of the notching of the teeth and the mechanics of the saw movements, the material is cut by an upward stroke.

The tabletop jigsaw allows you to cut complex decorative details, make longitudinal, straight, oblique and transverse cuts. The wide tabletop allows you to machine large parts and make cuts inside wide workpieces. A secure mount protects the body from unnecessary vibrations and allows for good material placement, so the motor can work without overloading.

The advantages of desktop jigsaws include good accuracy and precision of cuts, high safety and ease of use, wide customization options from the material and the required part of the cut blanks.

If you need to cut small parts, a manual jigsaw will not be very convenient. It is quite heavy, so you have to hold it with one hand and guide the workpiece with the other. A desktop jigsaw is devoid of this drawback. Perhaps the inconvenience is the too large size and the complexity of working with large details.

The tabletop jigsaw is a kind of mini workpiece cutting machine. If you buy a jigsaw in a store, most likely there will be the ability to select the power and adjust the frequency of the saw strokes. However, you can make the simplest homemade tabletop jigsaw very quickly. You will need a manual jigsaw, a few screws, a small piece of plywood and only an hour of work.

Making a tabletop jigsaw

A neatly made jigsaw will not be inferior to a factory-made one, and in some respects even surpasses it. It is not difficult to assemble such a jigsaw if you have the necessary materials. Next, we will describe a simple scheme of such manipulations.

The jigsaw design includes the following components: handle, switch button, insulating washer, power cord, frame, heating thread, screw clamp and shackle. First you need to make a frame. You will need a duralumin pipe with an outer diameter of up to twelve millimeters.

You can also use textolite with a thickness of at least ten millimeters or thick plywood for the base. But keep in mind, the lighter the frame, the more convenient the jigsaw will be to use. Be sure to provide a conduit so that the power cord can be routed later. The best frame shape is one with one side tilted 45 degrees.

Next, you need to make an earring. It is made of copper sheet one millimeter thick. After that, it is attached with screws to the frame, where it connects to the handle. This way the screw, wing nut and shackle will form a clamp in which the heating thread can be fixed. The thickness of the duralumin sheet should be up to 0.8 millimeters. It is necessary to make hold-down cheeks from it, between which there is a button-switch.

After that, you need to cut a gap in the plywood through which the file can pass. It can be done with a drill. To do this, it is necessary to drill holes along the marking line, and smooth the transitions. Instead of plywood, you can use plastic, metal, plexiglass and others. Next, you place and drill the mounting holes on the plywood and jigsaw base plate.

Then you need to fix the jigsaw with screws on the plywood base so that the file can go through the gap. You attach the structure to the table with a clamp so that the file points up. You can also pin the platform in any way you like. The jigsaw file remains common, but the possibilities for good cutting are expanded by freeing up the hands.

You can use a nichrome coil from any household heating device (iron for example) as a heating thread. It must be tightened with tension between the ends of the frame bends. To heat the thread, you need to apply a tension of about 14 V. To control the operating mode, you can use a rheostat.

The current is determined by the thickness and length of the nichrome thread. With the help of a rheostat, it will be possible to set the optimal current strength (no more than 3-5 A), which will affect the temperature to which the thread is heated. Before starting work, you need to determine the current strength. But keep in mind that if the force is too high, the material to be cut can be seized by the flame, and if it is not enough, it will not. A do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw will allow you to cut shapes with complex contours from various types of materials.

Rules for using a tabletop jigsaw

When working with a desktop jigsaw, you must adhere to some rules:

When cutting, do not press hard on the tool, otherwise, at best, the needle will break, at worst, you will ruin the work.
Replace saws from time to time. An old saw can ruin and erode the surface of the material.
If you work with organic glass and colored alloys, the surface of the product must be moistened with water. This operation will speed up the process and extend the life of the saw.
If you are cutting a surface less than one millimeter thick, place a sheet of wood or plywood under the material to be cut.
The material must be secured before cutting. It is better not to make long cuts by hand, the line may turn out to be crooked.
For cutting different materials, appropriate blades are required, with a special pitch and length.
Turn the tool by turning only the back of the tool.
When cutting the laminate, tape is glued to the cut line, which protects the material from chips.
If curved cuts become necessary, set the jigsaw pendulum to minimum.

If you have not yet fully understood how to make a tabletop electric jigsaw, watch the video about this procedure. This tool allows you to cut complex parts from wood and other material, to make longitudinal, oblique, straight and cross cuts. With the help of a jigsaw, you can process large parts, wide workpieces and small products, which is not superfluous at home.

strport.ru

wood jigsaw

Jigsaws of various designs and types are used for slotted carving and sawing out small parts from wood, plywood, plexiglass, plastics and other materials. These can be manual ("pioneer"), mechanical and electric jigsaws. Various magazines cited diagrams of homemade jigsaw machines that were driven by an electric motor and even electric drills. But with the advent of hand-held jigsaws on the market, it became possible to both install them on a table for cutting large parts and use them as a drive for jigsaws for cutting small parts. The manual jigsaw is well balanced, powerful enough and has a speed controller, which greatly expands the possibilities of its use.

Nevertheless, in my opinion, the jigsaw has a significant drawback, it is the inability to adjust the amplitude of the file's stroke. But I coped with this drawback by making a saw travel regulator.

As a basis for the manufacture of the machine was taken the version printed in the magazine Wood No. 12 1986.

The dimensions of the rocker arms were chosen based on their own needs. It should be borne in mind that by increasing the length, we will increase the size of the workpiece, this is a plus. But at the same time, we will increase the vibration of the file, as well as the mass of the rocker arms, which will lead to an increase in the vibration of the entire machine, and this is a minus. Therefore, we do not make the length more than necessary. An increase in the back of the rocker arms will lead to a lighter tension on the file, but again to an increase in mass and, accordingly, vibration. It is believed that by balancing the rocker arm with respect to the swing axis, the vibration of the machine can be reduced. In my opinion, this is not true.

Vibration can be reduced by reducing the weight of the rocker arm as much as possible. But at the same time, it is necessary that it remains rigid and can withstand heavy loads.

It is convenient to use eccentric bicycle clips for tensioning. The file should be tensioned through a stiff spring. It will help reduce the number of file breaks.

The file attachment should quickly and reliably fix files of different sizes.

The bars on which the rocker arms are attached must be securely connected to each other to reduce vibrations.

The entire structure of the machine must be rigid and reliable. The office should be in a convenient location.

I will answer all your questions.

I wish you successful homemade products.

shenrok.blogspot.ru

instrument.guru\u003e Do it yourself\u003e with the help of drawings

With the help of a homemade jigsaw machine, anyone can make furniture, modern comfortable shelves and other wood products. Its mechanism helps to cut wooden parts of absolutely any shape. And also with its help you can process plastic and other dense materials. In order for the jigsaw to comply with all the rules and regulations, you need to be careful when choosing its design. In addition, drawings from the network will help to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands.

How to make a jigsaw with your own hands

Jigsaw machine design

Absolutely any electric homemade jigsaw contains the following parts:

drive unit;
connecting rod assembly;
saw;
work surface;
saw tensioning mechanism;
additional mechanisms.

The material for processing should be laid on the work surface. Many models are equipped with a swivel mechanism that changes the incline of the cutting surface. In order to facilitate the marking of the material to be processed, a graduation is applied to the working surface. It is worth choosing a jigsaw machine with a large worktable, because it will be able to make the longest cut on it. Basically, most models of jigsaws have a similar figure of about 35 centimeters. The optimum drive power for a self-assembled jigsaw machine is no more than 200 watts.

The connecting rod mechanism is capable of converting the rotation of the drive into a linear motion and transmits it to the saw. The optimum frequency of saw movement per minute is about 900, and the amplitude of vertical movement should not exceed 6 centimeters.

Many types of jigsaw machines are equipped with a speed controller, which allows you to adjust depending on the type of material. The jigsaw file is capable of processing wood and plastic up to 12 centimeters thick, with a length of up to 40 centimeters. To work with different materials, the files can be changed, their width ranges from 2 to 12 millimeters. A manual tensioning mechanism secures the saw blade for an even cut. Its role is played by spring or coil springs.

The main types of jigsaw machines

All jigsaw machines are usually divided according to the following criteria:

The most popular are jigsaw machines with a lower support, in which the bed is divided into upper and lower parts. The first contains the cleaning and cutting modules, and the second contains the electric motor, the controller module, the switching and transmission mechanisms. These machines can handle absolutely any sheet of material.

The double slide jigsaw has a major difference. It consists in the fact that there is another rail at the top of the bed. Such equipment is well suited for the manufacture of oversized products. Such devices are very easy to install and allow processing products with a thickness of no more than 9 centimeters. Additionally, the machine comes with a convenient working table with height and angle adjustment.

Suspended jigsaws are not equipped with a stationary bed and have great mobility. When performing work, the cutting module moves, and not the material being processed. The working module itself is self-fixed on the ceiling, which is why the size of the workpiece does not matter. The cutting mechanism moves by hand independently of the bed. At the same time, it becomes possible to make a wide variety of patterns.

Jigsaws with stops and a degree scale are ideal for the most precise work with drawings. Their design helps to avoid errors during operation. Jigsaw machines of a universal type are capable of doing several types of work. These are, first of all, cutting, grinding, polishing, drilling and many others.

How to make a jigsaw with your own hands

When developing a drawing of a homemade jigsaw machine, the total number of elements must be reduced to a minimum. A saw with a fixed rocker, an electric motor and a bed is enough. If desired, a motor from any electric machine will do. People who own a hand-held jigsaw are much more fortunate. It is necessary to make a special stand from a plywood sheet and fix a jigsaw on it. To fix it, it is worth making holes in the base of the jigsaw. Thus, the simplest jigsaw machine can be considered ready.

Further, it is worth talking about more functional and complex models of devices that you can make yourself. A homemade bed is made from a sheet of plywood 12 millimeters thick, textolite or plastic. Such a bed is a working surface, the base of the machine and a special box for the location of various mechanisms and an electric motor.

On the reverse side, it is necessary to place an eccentric with a rocker, which must be connected with a metal plate with bearings and bushings. This whole structure is necessarily fixed with screws. To install the intermediate shaft, you need to find several bearings. A special metal pulley fits on the shaft quite tightly, and the screw connector is securely fixed. In a similar way, you need to make a homemade eccentric for the apparatus.

In order to change the frequency of the rocker movement, it is necessary to make several through holes on the installed flange and cut a thread into them. They must be at different distances from the central axis. By changing the place where the screw is screwed in, you can adjust the amplitude of movement of the rocker, which is a series of wooden rocker arms fixed to the rack by hinges. The ends of the rocker arms have through cuts, into which tension screws are inserted. A file is attached to the other ends, moving with metal hinges. For fixing the file is installed in a special groove of the working surface.

The saw attachment can be considered the most important. When assembling a jigsaw with your own hands, this part should be given great attention. The plates inserted into the rocker arms carry a huge load during operation, which is why they need to be properly strengthened and tightened with fastening materials. The two attachment shackles do not need to be tightly squeezed with screws, which will allow the axle pivots to move.

The rocker arm mechanism is best made from a solid material. On one side, you need to make a groove for the rocker arm, and on the other, you need to cut a rectangular opening for the second rocker arm. In order to make it easier to make holes, it is worth folding the rack from several parts.

The desire to create a homemade jigsaw can arise for several reasons:

There is no power supply in the workshop, but it is possible to use low-power internal combustion engines.
There are pneumatic motors, but the compressor power is not enough for a serial tool.
The electric motor is powered by batteries or solar panels, the power source is not enough to use the power tool.
It is required to obtain the parameters of the saw movement that are unattainable when using a serial tool.

It is not difficult to design a jigsaw. A typical structure looks like this:

A machine built according to the above scheme may have the most different configuration, the material of manufacture is also selected individually. An example of a complete installation looks like this:

Disadvantages of a manual jigsaw

The manual jigsaw is designed to form even cuts... At the same time, as the rollers, rod, pusher wear out, the saw runout and deviation from the straight line, a change in the angle of attack can be observed. Regardless of the quality of the tool nodes, the following features are always present:

When the saw becomes blunt, there is a deviation from the straight line when cutting material of uneven density (for example, low quality chipboard). The saw is able to leave the cutting line when it encounters a knot in the wood.
When trying to make a curly radius cut, the following picture can be observed: the upper cut line, followed by the worker, follows an exact trajectory, the lower one deviates, goes to the side, the radius becomes larger. The higher the wear of the tool and the lower the sharpness of the saw, the more pronounced this phenomenon is.
Certain materials cannot be handled with a grab or bottom feed. The carpenter is required to drive the tool forward extremely evenly, which cannot be done very accurately, as a result of which the saw beats along the path of entry and exit.

Standard solutions

The machine from a manual jigsaw is made based on a simple table... This device is widespread, it is mass-produced, samples can be seen in the photos below.

The mechanics of work are simple:

The jigsaw clearly fixes the tool, ensuring that there is no human factor (the hand can lead the jigsaw unevenly).
The presence of the support allows the device to move without deviations along the path.

Tensioners for curved cuts

To make very thin and accurate curly cuts, you can make a machine from a jigsaw with a saw blade tension system. The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating it yourself is as follows:

A very thin saw is used, ideally for a hand jigsaw.
A clamp is attached to the rod of the power tool, which will tighten the cutting blade.
The trajectory stabilization system will regulate both one freedom of movement and two (horizontal and vertical).

Used as a tensioning block hand jigsaw clamp, to which the adapter is made, which in turn is inserted into the clamping device of the power tool stem. A pair of corners and a bolt are used to provide adjustment of one freedom of movement. The result of the implementation of the idea is shown in the following photo.

The saw provides a clear vertical movement, good tension can be created, but there is a necessary runout in the horizontal direction. The blade goes with a catch, does not move in a straight line.

The development of this idea is in the next photo. Here the part fixing the trajectory moves, and the metal clamp provides structure rigidity and mechanical resistance.

Accessories for extremely delicate work

Depending on the needs of the master, the structure can be made of steel, have additional fixing zones, the power tool is not installed rigidly, but with the ability to move within its support beam.

In practice, such solutions are rarely used. For delicate works that are performed constantly, it is much more profitable to purchase a specialized band sawing machine that will ensure quality and productivity.

As can be seen from the presented designs, a jigsaw can be made even from a sewing machine with a moving rod.

Device and principle of operation
Assembly instructions
How to remake a hand jigsaw
Sewing machine

Desktop jigsaw - equipment for cutting, cutting shaped parts from various materials. Its feature is the ability to cut while maintaining the integrity of the outer contour of the workpiece. Depending on which saw is installed on the structure, the machine can process natural wood, its derivatives, plastic bases or metal.

The device is indispensable when performing construction and repair work, the production of pieces of furniture, souvenirs. Equipment is often purchased for domestic purposes. Sometimes buying a factory unit is irrational: you can make a jigsaw yourself. The photo shows the construction of the tool.

Device and principle of operation

The stationary factory sample includes a work table for a jigsaw, a unit with a cutting element, an electric drive and a crank mechanism installed under the table top are fixed on it. The tension unit is installed at the top or bottom of the machine. Many machine models allow you to cut material at different angles. This is necessary for making an oblique cut. Often, for convenience, markings are applied to the swivel mechanism, stops, guides. The length of the cut depends on the dimensions of the table, in most models it is 30–40 cm.

The power of an electric jigsaw may be small. For domestic purposes, a 150 W unit is sufficient.

An important element is the crooked connecting rod mechanism. It is responsible for the quality of the transmission of the engine torque into the forward-return movement performed by the cutting element in the vertical position.

The standard jigsaw has a vibration frequency of up to 1000 per minute at an amplitude of 3-5 cm. Some models provide speed control for various materials. In most cases, a saw up to 35 cm long is installed on such a tool, which allows you to cut parts up to 10 cm thick.

In order for the cutting element to serve for a long time without breakages, cracks, it is necessary to provide it with optimal tension along the entire length. For this, helical and spring springs are used. As an additional option, an air pump is provided on the factory machines for removing sawdust from the cutting line. A block with a drilling installation is useful, however, you must pay extra for each additional unit.

Assembly instructions

The jigsaw is made from a refrigerator compressor, a conventional drill. The cutting blade can be set in motion using a motor from a washing machine. Another option is to use hand jigsaws, old sewing machines. The figure shows a design drawing.

How to remake a hand jigsaw

First of all, the table is made. For this, a sheet of thick plywood or metal is used. Through holes are cut out in it for the cutting blade, fasteners. Through them, the hand unit placed below is fixed to the support structure. Next, the jigsaw table is fixed to any stable wooden table. Guide rails are added.

The machine can be quickly disassembled if necessary.

The standard device is equipped with springs that provide the file with the required level of tension. You cannot do without a rocker arm, one edge of it is under the tension of the springs, the second provides attachment to the cutting element of the jigsaw machine. You can also clamp the blade between the two guide rollers.

Before starting work on a homemade jigsaw, be sure to turn off the pendulum motion.

Sewing machine

A jigsaw from a sewing machine contains a saw stroke regulator provided with a speed switch on the equipment.

For manufacturing, the thread weaving mechanism is removed. In most designs, it fits underneath. Unscrew the bolts, knock out the cotter pin, remove the drive shaft leading to the thread weaving unit.

Then the upper protective panel is opened, the groove along which the needle moved, expands to the parameters of the file width. Jigsaw blades are slightly modified: they are cut according to the size of the longest needle that could be installed on the apparatus. In order not to make an adapter for fixing the cutting element to the seat, grind the upper incisors, make the lower part of the blade sharp. A cutter is installed in the needle holder. After that, they start cutting out the blanks.

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