Asia - the largest part of the world, together with Europe, forms the continent of Eurasia. The area (including the islands) is about 43.4 million km². Population - 4.2 billion people. (2012) (60.5% of the world's population). Asia is now the largest developing region in the world.
There are 48 countries in Asia. China is not only the largest state in Asia by area, but also by the number of inhabitants in the world. India confidently ranks second in the world in terms of population and is predicted to overtake China in a couple of decades. Indonesia ranks fourth in terms of population and in the next 20-30 years may come to third place, overtaking the United States.
Japan is in the G8 and is now one of the leading countries in the world financially.
Asia's role in the global economy and politics has grown dramatically in recent years. The economies of China and Japan are now among the largest in the world. India is showing fast growth rates.
Countries and capitals of Asia
- Azerbaijan (capital - Baku)
- Macau (capital - Macau) (Portugal)
- Armenia (capital - Yerevan)
- Afghanistan (capital - Kabul)
- Bangladesh (capital - Dhaka)
- Bahrain (capital - Manama)
- Brunei (capital - Bandar Seri Begawan)
- Bhutan (capital - Thimphu)
- East Timor
- Vietnam (capital - Hanoi)
- Hong Kong (capital - Hong Kong)
- Georgia (capital - Tbilisi)
- Israel (capital - Tel Aviv)
- India (capital - Delhi)
- Indonesia (capital - Jakarta)
- Jordan (capital - Amman)
- Iraq (capital - Baghdad)
- Iran (capital - Tehran)
- Yemen (capital - Sana'a)
- Kazakhstan (capital - Astana)
- Cambodia (capital - Phnom Penh)
- Qatar (capital - Doha)
- Cyprus (capital - Nicosia)
- Kyrgyzstan (capital - Bishkek)
- China (capital - Beijing)
- DPRK (capital - Pyongyang)
- Kuwait (capital - Kuwait)
- Laos (capital - Vientiane)
- Lebanon (capital - Beirut)
- Malaysia (capital - Kuala Lumpur)
- Maldives (capital - Male)
- Mongolia (capital - Ulaanbaatar)
- Myanmar (capital - Yangon)
- Nepal (capital - Kathmandu)
- United Arab Emirates (capital - Abu Dhabi)
- Oman (capital - Muscat)
- Pakistan (capital - Islamabad)
- Saudi Arabia (capital - Riyadh)
- Singapore (capital - Singapore)
- Syria (capital - Damascus)
- Tajikistan (capital - Dushanbe)
- Thailand (capital - Bangkok)
- Turkmenistan (capital - Ashgabat)
- Turkey (capital - Ankara)
- Uzbekistan (capital - Tashkent)
- Philippines (capital - Manila)
- South Korea (capital - Seoul)
- Japan (capital - Tokyo)
Asian countries with their capitals
Western part:
Central part:
- Tajikistan (Dushanbe),
- Kazakhstan (Ankara),
- Afghanistan (Kabul),
- Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek),
- Turkmenistan (Ashgabat),
- Uzbekistan (Tashkent),
South Asia (countries):
- Nepal (Kathmandu),
- Sri Lanka (Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte - official, Colombo - fact.),
- Bhutan (Thimphu),
- Pakistan (Islamabad),
- India (New Delhi),
- Bangladesh (Dhaka),
- Maldives (Male),
East End:
- Japan Tokyo),
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea - DPRK or North Korea (Pyongyang),
- Mongolia (Ulan Bator),
- Republic of Korea or South Korea (Seoul),
- China - PRC (Beijing).
Southeast Asian countries (list):
Northern part:
- Russia and all the Asian republics that are part of it (Moscow).
States not recognized by the world community and not fully recognized
Unrecognized states of the region:
- Waziristan (Wana),
- Shan State (Taungji),
- Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (Stepanakert),
Partially recognized states of the region:
- State of Palestine (Ramallah),
- Abkhazia (Sukhum),
- Republic of South Ossetia (Tskhinval),
- Azad Kashmir (Muzaffarabad),
- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (Lefkosa),
- taiwan Island - Republic of China (Taipei).
Controlled territories:
- British Indian Ocean Territory (Diego Garcia),
- Akrotiri and Dekeria (Episkopi),
- Christmas Island (Flying Fish Cove),
- Macau - Macau (Macau - Macau),
- Cocos Islands (West Island),
- Hong Kong - Xianggang (Hong Kong - Xianggang).
Conclusion
Now the reader has an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat various and dissimilar states are in Asia, where their capitals are located and how many of them actually are.
And if suddenly you decide to visit one of these states, then approach the choice of the place of your further stay with special care, because Asia is not only beautiful and amazing, but also dangerous! Many customs and traditions of the peoples living there may contradict the ideas about the norm and morality of a European inhabitant, and vice versa, an act that seems harmless for you and me, in the East can be regarded as immoral and even illegal. Therefore, be alert and attentive.
All countries of Asia on maps
Asia world map:
Overseas Asia Political Map:
Physical map of Asia:
Countries and capitals of Asia:
List of Asian countries and their capitals
A map of Asia with countries gives a clear idea of \u200b\u200btheir location. The list below is the capitals of Asian countries:
- Azerbaijan, Baku.
- Armenia - Yerevan.
- Afghanistan - Kabul.
- Bangladesh - Dhaka.
- Bahrain - Manama.
- Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan.
- Bhutan - Thimphu.
- East Timor - Dili.
- Vietnam - Hanoi.
- Hong Kong - Hong Kong.
- Georgia, Tbilisi.
- Israel - Tel Aviv.
- India - Delhi.
- Indonesia - Jakarta.
- Jordan - Amman.
- Iraq - Baghdad.
- Iran - Tehran.
- Yemen - Sanaa.
- Kazakhstan, Astana.
- Cambodia - Phnom Penh.
- Qatar - Doha.
- Cyprus - Nicosia.
- Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek.
- China - Beijing.
- DPRK - Pyongyang.
- Kuwait - Kuwait.
- Laos - Vientiane.
- Lebanon - Beirut.
- Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur.
- Maldives - Male.
- Mongolia - Ulan Bator.
- Myanmar - Yangon.
- Nepal - Kathmandu.
- United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi.
- Oman - Muscat.
- Pakistan - Islamabad.
- Saudi Arabia - Riyadh.
- Singapore - Singapore.
- Syria - Damascus.
- Tajikistan - Dushanbe.
- Thailand - Bangkok.
- Turkmenistan - Ashgabat.
- Turkey - Ankara.
- Uzbekistan - Tashkent.
- Philippines - Manila.
- Sri Lanka - Colombo.
- South Korea - Seoul.
- Japan Tokyo.
In addition, there are partially recognized countries, for example, Taiwan seceded from China with the capital Taipei.
Sights of the Asian region
The name is of Assyrian origin and means "sunrise" or "east", which is not surprising. Part of the world is distinguished by rich relief, mountains and peaks, including the highest peak in the world - Everest (Chomolungma), which is part of the Himalayan mountain system. All natural zones and landscapes are represented here; on its territory there is the deepest lake in the world - Baikal. In recent years, the countries of foreign Asia have been confidently leading in terms of the number of tourists. Mysterious and incomprehensible for Europeans traditions, religious buildings, interweaving of ancient culture with the latest technologies attract curious travelers. Not to list all the iconic sights of this region, you can only try to highlight the most famous ones.
Taj Mahal (India, Agra)
A romantic monument, a symbol of eternal love and a magnificent structure in front of which people freeze in daze is the Taj Mahal, included in the list of the seven new wonders of the world. The mosque was erected by a descendant of Tamerlane, Shah Jahan, in memory of his deceased wife, who died in childbirth, giving birth to her 14th child. The Taj Mahal is recognized as the finest example of the Great Mughals, incorporating Arabic, Persian and Indian architectural styles. The walls of the structure are made of translucent marble and inlaid with gems. Depending on the lighting, the stone changes its color, becoming pink at dawn, silvery at dusk, and dazzling white at noon.
Mount Fujiyama (Japan)
It is an iconic place for Buddhists who practice Synthaism. The height of Fujiyama is 3776 m, in fact, it is a dormant volcano, which should not wake up in the coming decades. He is recognized as the most beautiful in the world. There are hiking trails on the mountain that operate only in summer, since most of Fujiyama is covered with eternal snow. The mountain itself and the area "5 Fuji Lakes" around it are part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park.
The largest architectural ensemble in the world stretches over North China for 8860 km (including branches). The construction of the Wall took place in the 3rd century BC. and was intended to protect the country from the Xiongnu invaders. The construction site dragged on for a decade, about a million Chinese worked on it and died in thousands from exhausting labor in inhuman conditions. All this served as a pretext for the uprising and overthrow of the Qin dynasty. The wall is extremely organically inscribed in the landscape; it repeats all the curves of the spurs and depressions, encircling the mountain range.
Borobodur Temple (Indonesia, Java)
Among the rice plantations of the island rises an ancient gigantic structure in the form of a pyramid - the largest and most revered Buddhist temple in the world with a height of 34 m. Steps and terraces that surround it lead up to the top. From the point of view of Buddhism, Borobodur is nothing more than a model of the universe. Its 8 tiers mark 8 steps to enlightenment: the first is the world of sensual pleasures, the next three are the world of yogic trance that ascended above base lust. Rising higher, the soul is cleansed of all vain and acquires immortality in the heavenly sphere. The upper stage personifies nirvana - the state of eternal bliss and peace.
Golden Buddha Stone (Myanmar)
The shrine of Buddhists flaunts on Mount Chaittiyo (Mon state). You can shake it with your hands, but no forces can throw it off its pedestal, for 2500 years the element has not brought down a stone. In fact, it is a granite block covered with gold leaf, and a Buddhist temple crowns its top. The mystery has not yet been solved - who dragged him up the mountain, how, for what purpose and how he has been balancing on the edge for centuries. The Buddhists themselves claim that the stone is held on the rock by the Buddha's hair, walled up in the temple.
Asia is a fertile land for laying new routes, knowing yourself and your destiny. You need to go here meaningfully, tuning in to thoughtful contemplation. Perhaps you will open yourself from a new side and find answers to many questions. When visiting Asian countries, you can make a list of attractions and shrines yourself.
The list of Central Asian countries is not too extensive, but the regions themselves occupy a sufficient part of the land in their territory. These regions have their own economies, rich history and unique cultural heritage. Before traveling to rest in these regions, you should familiarize yourself with the basic geographical information, superficially study the culture, economic nuances and many other useful aspects.
Asia is conditionally divided into the following regions: South part, North part, East Asia, South-East part, Western part, Central Asia, Central part, South-West part.
South Asia's composition: Bangladesh, Afghanistan, India, Iran, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka.
The central part includes: Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and the eastern Russian part.
The countries of Central-East Asia: the same as in the central part, but additionally all of Korea, China, Japan and Mongolia join from the east.
Western part: Armenia, Palestine, Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia, Georgia, Turkey, Bahrain, Syria, Israel, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Oman, Kuwait, Cyprus, Lebanon and Iraq.
The southeastern part consists of: Malaysia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Singapore, Laos, Philippines, Cambodia, Laos.
The central part of Asia is the middle territory of the region, familiar to the majority of people who previously lived on the former borders of the USSR, into which Kazakhstan did not previously fit. Based on ethnic and cultural characteristics, the territorial composition of the Asian middle part may also include eastern Turkic peoples, such as the inhabitants of Tibet and the Mongols. Central Asia is surrounded by land on all sides, there is no exit to large bodies of water. The Caspian Sea does not flow anywhere, the reservoir has no outlet. The geographic center of Asia is the Republic of Tuva, located on the territory of the Russian Federation.
In any case, the central part of Asia will consist of the Central Asian republics of the previously known USSR and Kazakhstan. Also, this conditionally divided territorial markup includes partially or fully other states. List of Central Asian countries:
- - depending on different geographical sources, this country can be fully or partially included in other centers, for example, in the front or southern part of Asia;
- Indian region Ladakh;
- The central part is only partially included, but still most of it belongs to the western region;
- - partially;
- - completely;
- is part of the territorial composition of Central Asia, but if we consider the political aspect, then this site belongs to the eastern side;
- - closer to the eastern center than to the middle;
- geographically - central, but the political aspect relates it to the eastern territories;
- Part of the Russian Federation;
Historical and cultural heritage in the central countries
Today, the central part of Asia consists of five full-fledged states: Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Earlier, according to the Soviet state, Kazakhstan was not included in the list of the above Islamic states, it was equated closer to the Siberian region in Russia. Nevertheless, the modern world thinks differently that Kazakhstan is the middle part of Asia, and not otherwise. The total territorial area of \u200b\u200bthe Central Asian region is 3 million 994 thousand 300 square kilometers.
The region also includes some of the smallest countries in the world. In general, the population does not exceed 51 million inhabitants, and this number includes more than a hundred nationalities known to the world. Among them are also Tibetans, Koreans, Germans and Austrians. The largest nation in the central region is the Uzbeks. The population of Uzbekistan today exceeds 30 million inhabitants, and in neighboring countries they are also found as national minorities, therefore this nation is recognized as the most numerous.
For the period of 1992, more than 10 million Russian residents lived in the territory of the Central Asian region, but after the collapse of the USSR, large-scale migration began, as a result of which the number of Russians greatly decreased in the territories of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
In the most populous country - Uzbekistan - there are famous ancient historical cities that carry all the safety of the country's culture. In the past, these are great states with a rich history - imperial nomadic civilizations and centers of the development of Islam in the Central Asian part.
For centuries, students have come from all over the continent to get better education, as this region was famous for its good Islamic colleges. Also in the center of Asia Sufism originated, a widespread Islamic movement of the 7-8th century AD. In addition to all this, the central part was famous for its pilgrimage sites, and the development of the countries thrived in comparison with neighboring regions.
"Dance of the Dervishes" - a ritual to achieve unity with God. This is the main goal of Sufism - classical Muslim philosophy.
Basic information about the countries of the Central Asian region
Uzbekistan is a representative in the very center. Historically, Uzbekistan is known for the fact that many trade routes previously passed through its territories. The Great Silk Road, known to the world, belongs geographically to the Uzbek lands. For lovers of history and tourist travel, the country will be to their liking, as its history and area are replete with interesting finds.
Ancient historical cities are concentrated in Uzbekistan. The best representatives of Eastern culture: Tashkent, Samarkand, Khiva, Bukhara, Kokand, Shakhrisabz. The most valuable representatives of Eastern culture are concentrated in these places - ancient monuments, architectural buildings, in general, a find for an inquiring mind.
Kazakhstan in the Central Asian part is economically and territorially the most developed state. It is convenient for residents of the Russian Federation to get to this place, since Kazakhstan closely borders on the lands of Russia, and this has greatly influenced the cultural and historical heritage of the Kazakh homeland.
The traditions and national values \u200b\u200bof the Kazakh people are closely intertwined with the events of the past - earlier this people was nomadic, the tribes constantly changed their place of residence, wandering across the steppes. Modern Kazakhstan looks different - the current culture resembles a symbiosis of the Islamic world with Russian traditions, the eastern mentality is tightly connected with the bordering people.
Kyrgyzstan is rightfully recognized as the most picturesque corner among all bordering states on the territory of the Central Asian border. First of all, natural places look good, the Tien Shan and Pamir-Alai mountains, where many tourists want to go on an excursion. The landscape of the mountainous terrain is picturesquely replaced by green plain pastures, where nomadic peoples lived for centuries, and thinness was also fed.
Kyrgyzstan will be interesting for rock climbers, as there are gorges and caves near the crystal clear lakes that can be explored. Traditional values \u200b\u200bin Kyrgyzstan have been forming for centuries, so their customs are closely associated with nomadic peoples, although the inhabitants of the country have long settled in their cozy homes.
short information
Asia got its name from ancient Greek mythology. Once upon a time, Asia (Asia) was the daughter of the titan god Oceanid, who became the wife of Prometheus. The ancient Greeks borrowed the word "asia" from the Assyrians, who called the place where the sun rises. Therefore, the Greeks began to call the territory that lies east of Greece as Asia.
In modern Asia, states are at different levels of development. While Bangladesh and Afghanistan are firmly stuck in the Middle Ages, South Korea, Singapore, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Japan are advanced economies.
Geography of Asia
Asia is the largest continent on Earth. Its total area is over 43.4 million square meters. km (this is 30% of the Earth's territory). Asia is considered part of the Eurasia Peninsula.
In the west, the border of Asia runs along the Ural Mountains. In the north, Asia is washed by the waters of the Arctic Ocean, in the east - by the Pacific Ocean (East China, Bering, Okhotsk, South China, Japan and Yellow Seas), and in the south - by the waters of the Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea).
In addition, the shores of Asia are also washed by the waters of the Red and Mediterranean Seas.
Since Asia occupies a huge territory, it is clear that the climate on this continent is very diverse. In Western and Eastern Siberia, the climate is continental, in Central and Central Asia - desert and semi-desert, in East, South, as well as in Southeast Asia - monsoon (monsoon season - June-October), in some regions equatorial, and in the far north - arctic.
Among the Asian rivers, of course, the Yangtze (6300 km), the Yellow River (5464 km), the Ob (5410 km), the Mekong (4500 km), the Amur (4440 km), the Lena (4400) and the Yenisei (4 092 km) should be mentioned. ).
The five largest lakes in Asia include the following: Aral Sea, Baikal, Balkhash, Tonle Sap and Issyk-Kul.
A significant part of Asia is mountains. It is in Asia that the Himalayas, Pamirs, Hindu Kush, Altai and Sayans are located. The largest mountain in Asia is Everest (Chomolungma), its height is 8,848 meters.
Numerous deserts await travelers in Asia, among which, perhaps, the Gobi, Taklamakan, Karakum and the Arabian Peninsula deserts should be distinguished. In total, there are more than 20 deserts in Asia.
Population of Asia
At the moment, the population of Asia already exceeds 4.3 billion people. This is about 60% of the total population of the Earth. At the same time, the annual population growth in Asia is about 2%.
Almost the entire population of Asia belongs to the Mongoloid race, which, in turn, is divided into small races - North Asian, Arctic, South Asian and Far Eastern. In Iraq, the territory of southern Iran and northern India is dominated by the Indo-Mediterranean race. In addition, there are many other races in Asia, for example, Caucasoid and Negroid.
Asian countries
On the territory of Asia, 55 states are fully or partially located (of which 5 are the so-called unrecognized republics). The largest Asian country is China (its territory covers 9,596,960 sq. Km), and the smallest is the Maldives (300 sq. Km).
In terms of population, China (1.39 billion people) is ahead of all countries in the world. Other Asian countries have fewer inhabitants: India - 1.1 billion, Indonesia - 230 million, and Bangladesh - 134 million.
Regions of Asia
The territory of Asia is so large that politicians, journalists or scientists sometimes divide it into the Middle East, Western Asia and the Far East. However, geographically, it is more correct to divide Asia into 5 regions:
East Asia (China, Japan, South and North Korea and Mongolia);
- Western Asia (Armenia, Lebanon, Syria, Bahrain, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Yemen, Qatar, Iraq, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Turkey);
- Southeast Asia (Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, East Timor, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines and Myanmar);
- South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Afghanistan, Maldives, Bhutan, Nepal and Sri Lanka);
- Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan).
Asian cities are the most populous in the entire world. The largest of all cities in Asia is Bombay (India), which already has a population of over 12.2 million. Other major cities in Asia are Seoul, Jakarta, Karachi, Manila, Delhi, Shanghai, Tokyo, Beijing and Tehran.
South Asia is a region located on the southern Indian subcontinent, with several small coral and volcanic islands in the Indian Ocean, the Indo-Gangetic Valley, the Himalayas. This is a remarkable part of the planet that attracts tourists and exists according to its own customs and rules.
There are seven countries in South Asia:
- Bangladesh;
- Nepal;
- Butane;
- India;
- Sri Lanka;
- Pakistan;
- Maldives.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe southern region is 4% of the entire earth's territory, but the density is quite high and is determined by about 20% of the total population of the planet.
In the southern part, the region is surrounded by the seas and bays of the Indian Ocean. Of all the states, only two countries, Bhutan and Nepal, are not provided with access to the sea.
The population ranges from 1.2 billion people.
Bangladesh
A relatively poor state with a rapidly expanding population. Located on an area of \u200b\u200babout 144,000 km2, the population is 142 million.
Most of the country is flat lowland. The Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers form one channel slightly west of the capital of Dhaka and flow into the Bay of Bengal. The state is almost regularly exposed to floods, which cause the death of many lives.
Bangladesh cities are home to about 20% of the total population of the country. Since it is problematic to find a job here, people live off farming (tea, sugarcane, jute) and fishing.
State of Bangladesh
Capital of Bangladesh - Dhaka with a population of 6.97 million. Located on the Buriganga River (Ganges). It seems to be a large port and concentration of aquaturism.
Capital Dhaka
The main share of industrial enterprises is located in the capital and its suburbs:
- jute fiber manufacturing,
- lightweight and cotton.
Almost 90% of the population is Muslim.
Nepal
The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is located between two neighbors: from the north it borders on Tibet, from the south, west and east - India.
The highest mountainous state is located on an area of \u200b\u200b140,800 km2. The population of Nepal is almost 30.4 million people who practice Hinduism.
Rural area of \u200b\u200bNepal
In Nepal, three high-altitude zones can be noted: flat territory - 17% of the total area, mountainous part - 64% of the area and high-mountain Himalayan ridges.
A large number of rivers: Karnali, Arun flow through the slopes of the Himalayas to the south and fall into the Ganges.
Capital of the country - Kathmandu... It is home to about 1 million people.
The city has various craft workshops and small enterprises: textile, leather, pottery.
Butane
The Kingdom of Bhutan is located on the slopes of the Eastern Himalayas. On the one hand, it borders on China, on the other, India is its neighbor. Its territory is 47,000 km2. The population, professing Buddhism, is 770 thousand people.
Bhutan cities
Capital - Thimphu - the largest city in the state. It is home to 40 thousand people.
For the rest of the world, Bhutan remained a closed state for a long time, and only in 1974 the veil was slightly opened. For 80% of residents, the rural and forestry industry is the main source of livelihood. The industry is undeveloped, a number of woodworking enterprises and the food industry are functioning.
Bhutan surprises with its contrasts. Bananas grow on the plains next to India, and oaks grow on the hills in the central part of the state. From the north, Bhutan is surrounded by the Himalayan mountains.
India
Republic of India Is the seventh largest country in the world and the second largest by population. The country is located on the Indian subcontinent, the Himalayan mountains and the Indo-Gangetic plain. The most significant height is Kanchenjunga (5898 meters). The number is 1.3 billion. India borders Pakistan in the west, its eastern neighbors are Bangladesh and Myanmar, and China, Nepal and Bhutan from the northeast. Almost 80% of the inhabitants are Hindu.
Sacred city of India
Large rivers flowing down from the Himalayan mountains and flowing into the Bay of Bengal are the Brahmaputra and the Ganges. Several rivers: Krishna, Mahanadi, Godavari are the main source of irrigation. India has no large lakes.
Capital of India - New Delhi... It is located in the northern part of the country, in the seismic zone and occupies almost the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe Indo-Gangetic Plain.
City in India New Delhi
New Delhi is the official capital of the state and one of the districts of the city of Delhi. Here are the buildings of the Government of India and various historical sites.
Since 1997, Delhi has been geographically divided into 9 districts, and each of them is divided into 3 districts.
New Delhi has a population of about 295,000 and the city of Delhi is home to over 13 million people. This is one of the most economically developed regions.
The capital's economy is made up of industries: tourism, telecommunications, information technology. The industry includes the manufacture of products for mass consumption. In Delhi, in comparison with other cities in India, transport and infrastructure are best developed. In this regard, international corporations and automobile production are developing in the suburbs of the capital.
Energy, healthcare and various services for the population make up a large share of the economy.
Sri Lanka
Democratic Socialist Republic. It is located on the island of the same name off the coast of Hindustan. The area of \u200b\u200bthe country is small - about 65,000 km2. Along and across the island is crossed by small rivers: Nai-Aru, Kalu.
The majority of the population is Buddhist - 69%, while Hinduism is 15%. In total, 21.7 million people live.
Tea plantation in rural Sri Lanka
The country got its name from the Sanskrit "Sri" - glorious and "Lanka" - land. Familiar to the whole world under another one - Ceylon. The state is proud of its huge tea plantations and rice fields.
The capital of Sri Lanka in 1982 was transferred from Colombo to the nearby suburb of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte. It houses the state parliament and the Supreme Court. The process of transferring the capital to the end is still incomplete. The population of Kotte is 150,000 inhabitants. In fact, Colombo continues to be the capital - the largest city in the country (there are almost 600 thousand people). Colombo has a deep-water harbor, and the city center is located close to the port. Colombo Port is the largest in South Asia. Several industries are developed here: chemical, glass, woodworking, textile and oil refining.
Pakistan
The country arose as a result of the division of British India in 1947 and is officially called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Borders countries: Iran, India, China, Afghanistan.
Pakistani city and slums
In the south, there is an exit to the Arabian Sea. There is a relatively high population density. In terms of the number of inhabitants, it ranks sixth in the world - almost 194 million people with the available territory of 803,940 km2. The majority of the population is Muslim - over 97%. Most of the region is the Indus Plain and the mountains located to the north and west, belonging to the Iranian Highlands.
The capital of the country is Islamabad. It was founded in 1967. The population is 1,150,000 people. The Indus River flows to the west of the capital, the Himalayas stretch east of the city.
Since Islamabad was originally built as a capital, there is practically no industry in the city.
Islamabad city
The exceptions are:
- light industry, food industry, handicraft handicrafts.
- The financial sector and telecommunications industries are developing.
Maldives
The state is located on several small islands in the Indian Ocean. The closest states: India, Sri Lanka. The Republic of Maldives includes 1196 islands, the length from east to west is 130 km, from south to north - 823 km. The volcanic islands form a twin necklace of 26 large coral sites (atolls). Of the total number of islands, only 202 are inhabited. The longest island is eight kilometers long. Due to the gradual melting of glaciers, the Maldives is threatened with flooding.
City in the maldives
The population of the archipelago is 400,000. The population is Muslim.
Capital Male is located on the neighboring islands of Villingili and Male. The territory is 5.8 km2, the number of inhabitants is about 105 thousand people.
The lack of industry determined the occupation of the population: fishing, resort business.
Southeast Asia is a fairly large region of the planet with a population of 600 million people. Today, there are 11 lists of which are given below, differ significantly from each other in terms of the level and models of economic development. These differences will be discussed in our article.
Countries of Southeast Asia: list and capitals
The Southeast Asia region covers an area of \u200b\u200bfive million square kilometers. From the name itself it is clear that it is located in the southeastern part of Asia. Geographers usually include 11 states in this region. Six of them are located on the continent, and five more on the islands and archipelagos adjacent to the mainland.
So, all the countries of Southeast Asia (list):
- Vietnam.
- Cambodia.
- Laos.
- Myanmar.
- Thailand.
- Malaysia.
- Indonesia.
- Philippines.
- Singapore.
- Brunei.
- East Timor.
It should be noted that geographically, the eastern parts of India and Bangladesh also belong to Southeast Asia.
Southeast Asia: cultural and economic-geographical characteristics of the region
This region is home to at least 600 million people, 35% of whom are residents of one country, Indonesia. It is here that (the most densely populated on the planet) is located. There are a lot of migrants from China in the region. They mainly settle in Malaysia, the Philippines and
The indigenous peoples of the region are very diverse. Malays, Thais, Vietnamese, Burmese, Javanese and dozens of smaller nations live within Southeast Asia. The most popular religions here are Islam and Buddhism; Protestantism is widespread in some territories.
The formation of local culture was significantly influenced by Chinese, Indian, Arab and Spanish cultures. The cult of tea and the habit of eating with chopsticks is very common in Southeast Asia. Music, architecture, painting are very slightly different in each of the ethnic groups of the region.
The economy of many countries in Southeast Asia is strongly tied to agriculture; industry and the service sector are gradually developing. In some countries of the region, tourism has become an important sector of the national economy (this is primarily Thailand, Singapore, Cambodia).
Developing countries of Southeast Asia: list
A developing country is a rather relative concept. It means a state whose performance is significantly lower than that of the rest of the world.
According to the generally accepted classification, all 11 states of Southeast Asia should be classified as developing countries. However, among them there are three countries with a weaker level of development. They are also called. They include:
- Laos.
- Cambodia.
- Myanmar.
The richest and most developed state in the region is Brunei, which is often referred to as "Islamic Disneyland". The reason for such prosperity is simple - solid reserves of oil and gas. The country has long been in the top ten world income level. It is curious that every second person who works at industrial enterprises in Brunei came here from neighboring, less prosperous countries.
NIS countries in the region
New (abbreviated - NIS) is understood as a group of states that have experienced a significant leap in development and have significantly improved all their economic and social indicators in a very short time (just a few decades).
The countries of this group demonstrate stunning rates (up to 5-8% per year), generate powerful transnational corporations, actively introduce the latest technologies, and devote a lot of attention and funds to the development of science and education. Which states of the region can be attributed to the NIS group?
So, the newly industrialized countries of Southeast Asia (list):
- Singapore.
- Malaysia.
- Thailand.
- Indonesia.
- Philippines.
In addition, another country in the region, Vietnam, has quite real prospects to add to this list.
Finally...
The countries of Southeast Asia, the list of which is given in this article, belong to the developing countries of weak and medium development. Their economies still rely heavily on agriculture.
The most developed countries in the region are Singapore and Brunei, and the poorest are Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar.