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Under the assortment it is understood as a combination of species and sizes of one or another type of product, that is, in terms of the board, the most important criteria are the types and size row. It is precisely on these factors that all products of this type are divided, we will consider the basic information that each developer should be known, selecting the lumber of the group under consideration.
Types of products
With regard to the main types of products shown in the diagram above, the following can be used to tell us about each of them:
| Unedged board | This option is distinguished by what only two sides are cut off, and the ends are not processed. Such elements are most often used for the device of crates and other structures, where the appearance does not have much importance, the main advantage of this solution is the democratic price, which is why it is the most affordable |
| Half-chained board | This type of product is most often treated with two sides and one of the ends, but at the same time there may be squeezes and bark residues. In general, this solution is better quality, but nevertheless it is also impossible to use on visible structures where aesthetic appeal is important. |
| Edged board | The most qualitative type of products in which all parties are processed, therefore the geometric parameters of the elements are the same, and the strength indicators are much higher. This product group is most often applied and in demand among developers much more than other types. |
Important! According to scientific definition, the board is the type of sawn timber, the thickness of which does not exceed 100 m, and the width is greater than the thickness at least twice. Elements with a thickness of up to 32 mm in deciduous and up to 40 mm in conifers belong to the thin board, the remaining options are to the thick.
Basic parameters of structures
The Wooden Board Sort includes quantity and size requirements, we will consider the first criterion in more detail in the next section, and in the table below, we denote the generally accepted dimensions of the elements:
As for the length, the generally accepted options vary in the range from 1 to 6 meters, other sizes can be produced in agreement.
Interest in natural wood is fully justified: because the tree is an environmentally friendly and safe material for the construction and decoration of residential buildings. Such material is able to "breathe", saturately by the useful substances, as well as a pleasant aroma.
One of the most sought-after types of wooden products is wooden plank. To produce such boards, use various types of wood, depending on the appointment of the board itself.
Very often in construction of coniferous rocks: pine, spruce, larch, cedar, fir. Such wood is distinguished by excellent external and mechanical properties: a warm pleasant eye color, beautiful texture, pleasant aroma, high strength, low hardness, cracking resistance and booting. In addition, coniferous rocks are not bent because they do not have high ability to do so.
The main timeline selection indicator for boards is an appearance. Choosing wood for the production of boards, high demands are presented to its appearance. On wood there should be no bitch, rot, worms and other defects. For example, the presence of bitch significantly reduces the strength of the wood due to the violation of its homogeneity. Depending on the appearance of wood, there are three varieties.
In the finished form, a wooden board may be of different humidity:
- natural
- dried on special equipment.
In case of artificial drying, the moisture content in the wood decreases by 8%.
Air drying wood. In wood processing enterprises, as well as boards stores are stored in stacks that are sorted in size. The stack is formed in such a way that air freely passed through it - it is necessary for air drying wood. To prevent cracking, the ends of the boards are covered with lime, and to protect against atmospheric moisture is covered with rubberoid.
According to the method of processing the board can be:
- Edged,
- Unedged.
The edged board is a plaque with a recollection that does not exceed the set value. Ozol It is the edge of the board, which is cut out of the log and is not cut around the edges. The edged board is usually width more double thickness. There are no bark on the side edges. This type of boards is most in demand in the construction market than the unedged board.
Unedged board- This is a board, which has not been described or partially poured the edges with a recolts more permissible in the edged lumber. For this type of boards, the presence of a bark on the side edges is characteristic. Unedged board, as a rule, is used for exterior work: coatings, trimming elements of bearing structures, planed parts, etc.
The construction uses boards for various purposes: these are outdoor work in the construction of wooden houses, and the manufacture of fences, etc. Also, the board is used for internal finishing at home, for example, for floors.
For the production of boards, our company uses imported equipment that allows you to achieve the highest quality product. The "Lesorgovaya Company" uses various tree species for the manufacture of boards.
The use in the construction of a natural tree is very highly popular. And this is not enough, because this material has a high indicator of environmental friendliness and safety, which is so necessary during the construction of residential buildings. The advantage of wooden material can be attributed to breathe, has good thermal insulation and very durable.
Wooden board is particularly popular in construction, which is made from various types of wood, such as pine, larch, fir, cedar and fir.
These rocks have good strength, resistance to the formation of cracks and rot, attractive texture and color of wood, as well as wood coniferous breeds are not bent.
The main criterion for choosing wood for the manufacture of board for construction is its appearance, namely on the surface of the tree there should be no bitch, worms and other different defects.
At the moment you can meet wood boards that are divided into several types of appearance and humidity, as well as processing method.
Wooden board may vary by humidity, where it can be subject to natural drying, or dried with special equipment. If an artificial drying was used, then the moisture of wood decreases to 8%.
It should also be noted that the boards may differ in the method of their processing and sharing into two main types: a edged and uncircumcised board.
Features of the edged board
The cutting board refers the board cut out of the log and is not cut across the edges. Typically, the width of the edged board has a greater indicator, which is equal to the double thickness of it. It should also be noted. That the surface of the edged board has a smooth and smooth surface, while on the side edges there is no bark, which makes them very popular in the construction sphere.
Features of the unedged board
Unedged board is also made of a log, but the side edges are not cleaned of the crust. This type of boards is usually used for external work, namely the flooring, the sheathing of carrier elements and structures, as well as to create plane parts.
Where the boards are used
Wooden boards in the construction sector are used for different purposes, namely both for interior decoration and for outdoor. Flooring, wall covering, both inside and outside the premises can be created from the edged board. It should also be noted that wooden boards can be used to create fences and construction of various attacks and structures.
For construction, timber produced from natural wood are often used. They can be classified by type of wood, forms of workpiece and other parameters. The characteristic of sawn timber depends on a number of properties of a tree type of properties.
Classification of sawn timber
Each breed of wood has its own properties. That is why it is customary to observe a convenient and understandable classification. All materials from natural wood can be divided into several groups:
- The bars have for the most part rectangular shape. The characteristic of such materials implies that the separation in the group is carried out in form, the method of manufacture, by size. The section is usually performed from 100 mm and more.
- Boards can be divided into edged / unedged, soaked. The last group is divided into pure-cut, with blunt obtance (stupid and sharp).
- Rivets are used for barrels. The group is limited, includes rivets with a cylindrical or blunt cross section.
- Skaps and planks, sleepers are materials that have small sizes, a rectangular cross section. The thickness and form of them can be somewhat different.
- Reiki is an unedged board, the edges of which are processed. Three sides of the boards are unspepted, and one - propylene.
Classification of sawn timber and characteristics:
- By surface processing. Timber can have surfaces wide (plastic), narrow (edges), end (ends). In turn, wide can be divided into outdoor and internal.
- In terms of tree sawmills. Regarding the annual rings of sawn timber classified on radial, tangential, mixed.
- By type of wood. All lumber can be manufactured from various wood species, each of which is best suited for specific purposes. Pine is in this area of \u200b\u200bthe lead, it is possible to make various types of products from it, including for plating walls, roofs. The construction uses spruce, larch, cedar, fir. All of them are well suited for boards. But ash, oak, the red tree is applicable to the manufacture of finishing materials, as joinery, where they fully disclose their qualities. Ospen is great for finishing the inner walls of saunas or parots, it is perfectly resisting the negative effect of moisture, sharp temperature drops. For a parquet board and natural parquet, specialists recommend using birch. Here she completely reveals its potential.
Before purchasing one or another type of sawn timber, it is necessary to study their characteristics, areas of use. In this case, the selection will be correct, and the wood herself will last long.
Wood options
Lumber, which are used for construction, can be manufactured from various wood breeds. The most popular material is needles, from pine and ate most of the bars and boards are manufactured, but there are other options. Pine, in contrast to other wood breeds, it differs in a low weight, the construction of the foundation turns out to be minimal loads. For example, the aspen or birch has a very big weight, but the strength of their characteristics are not so good. Boards are usually made of pine, this material is very durable, easily processed, has numerous advantages.
Pine in the composition contains a natural resin, which acts as an excellent antiseptic. This ensures the absence of traces of rot, mold for a long time. Pine has a soft and delicate structure, it makes the processing simple, pleasant and fast. The smell, the color of the pine is added by the attractive material not only as a standard building material, but also as an option for decorative walls of the walls, the construction of log cabins.
Characteristics of lumber are not idle without such a parameter as the amount and availability of bruises. Here it is necessary to pay attention to fir. This coniferous breed is distinguished by numerous positive characteristics, but its processing is complex. The problem is that the barrel contains many bits, and this is an obstacle to processing. Spruce is not so resistant to rotting, like pine, but also the price is much lower.
For boards, such wood can be applied as cedar. This option occurs infrequently, but still used.
Cedar wood is stronger, reliable, like a fir, but in the processing is simpler and convenient. Fir can be used for the manufacture of sawn timber. It is resistant to rotting, perfectly processed, has numerous advantages.
Types of sawn timber
Various sawn timber is available, it is possible to choose the appropriate option. Products differ in shape, sizes, its characteristics, areas of use. Among the common materials, edged and unedged boards can be called, which are acceptable almost for any work, but there are other options acting as auxiliary materials.
Most often, edged and unedged boards are used for construction work, they differ in a number of parameters. These lumber are very popular, they are used to build carcasses of houses, for the device strips, walls, partitions, for mounting rafting systems, formwork and other works.
The edged board is a material obtained by picking a log. At the same time, all its edges are smooth, but a minor amount of bark can remain, that is, a review. Indicators of moisture resistance, strength, mechanical stability are very different, as is the cost.
This makes it possible to choose exactly the material that is suitable for work more than others, without overpaying. For the manufacture of edged board, more often pine or spruce are used. The cost of such boards is not so large, but durability and durability meet all parameters. From such boards, it is safe to erect not only the housekeeping, but also to perform an internal finish. The sawn timber has a standard size of 6 m, but the thickness and width are different. The width of the boards can be equal to 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, for thickness - 25 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm.
The scope of the edged board is quite wide:
- for making frame, walls, partitions;
- to perform the flooring of rough, finishing floors;
- for the manufacture of various supporting structures;
- for making formwork;
- in the manufacture of furniture;
- in the manufacture of carved furniture;
- in the construction of arbors, garages, canopies, fences.
Unedged board has edges with a bark, it is used quite often in construction. Appearance These sawn timber have an attractive, as close as possible to natural, which makes them an excellent option for the walls of the walls. The unedged board has not such a high density, so it is easy to achieve any processing. Finishing such boards does not take much time. But if there are many cracks on the surface, it will significantly reduce the service life of the lumber.
Four and pure-cut bar
Lumber can be different in price and quality. The cheapest one can include a four-toned bar, which is manufactured in large quantities without requiring large cost-effective power. The manufacture of timber is carried out by sawing or dubbing the wood array, but the surface quality will differ significantly. For example, when the sides are trees, it turns out with a ribbon, which is not always acceptable. When cutting the edges and ends are more neat, such a timber is already suitable for work, where the appearance of the materials is important.
Pure-drying timber - this is the square of the square section, outrageous from all sides. Its length is usually 4 m, thickness - from 100 mm depending on the destination. This bar is manufactured, as a rule, from pine. It is processed from all sides, including end parts. It is most often used for the construction of walls at home, beams, overlaps, rough floors. Differs in high strength properties.
Half-chained board and hill
A half-circuit board has uneven planes, traces of the bark can remain on the ends. This board is used for technical work. Movements are made from it, it can be used for technical and draft floors, as a basis for other products.
The porridge is a rather cheap lumber, which, with properly completed processing, perfectly replaces other wood products.
In appearance, the hill is very similar to the sidewall of the log, its part on one side of propylene, and on the other there is no. Such lumber is considered a lump-type waste, they remain after cutting the main material. But the sizes of the hill are normalized, it has the same width of the ends and along the entire length. Today it is applied a hill of two types - wood and business material. It is used for various purposes, as blanks for other products and building elements.
Lumber are billets from natural wood. All of them differ in shape, individual characteristics, sizes, appearance, degree of processing. Timber for construction and repair work of various types are used, often used when assembling furniture, fences, during the construction of draft floors. When choosing, you should navigate the properties that are necessary for specific conditions.
Restore structures from a tree during damage to a certain area is not difficult. Millenniums man uses wood. Some breeds of wood resins have an antiseptic effect. Wood is well processing and cutting, it can be left in the untreated form or saturated with various compositions, or painted and covered with varnish. The cutting board consumer can purchase on any construction market, the benefit of the cutting board from pine is significantly lower than, for example, a lumber lickery or cedar.
The start of wood processing is sawing. Cutting materials from wood is carried out in various ways, such as:
- cut radial;
- cut semiradial;
- cut tangential.
Radial cut
In the finished product, the angle of inclination of annual timber rings is far from 90 to 60 degrees. With such a pickle, the material is least prone to deformations, moisture, modify during the drying process. Based on the fact that during the pickle in such a way a large amount of raw materials are consumed, the cost of the edged board will naturally be much higher than with other types of cutting.
Semiradial cut
Semiradial cuts are characterized by the fact that the angle of inclination at the sawn tree of annual rings will be 45 degrees. With this method, raw materials actually saves more, but the characteristics of the finished board are reduced.
Tangential doll
In the tangential cutting of the wood, the plane of the cut is not over the core, but at some distance from the center of the log. As a result, the texture of the material acquires a more rich species. And, nevertheless, they will be more booting and drunk than with radial pickle. The main advantage of this method of cutting the board is that the amount of products produced has the greatest indicator not only compared to radial, but also with the tangential method of sawing sawn timber.
Large manufacturers mainly use a radial method of cutting.
The board, sawn and sorted in size, is usually stored in stacks, inside of which air freely moves. This natural ventilation is used for the purpose of air drying wood. To protect against the loss of positive characteristics and rotting, the sawn timber is treated with antiseptics. For a deeper penetration of the antiseptics, a pine board, for example, may be impregnated under pressure, which will certainly give this material more reliable and durable protection.
Products from wood of certain sizes and quality has at least two parallel flat plans. Round timber, that is, logs separated into parts and give lumber. Parts for which logs are divided, there are transverse and longitudinal division. In sawmills, lumber are usually produced using special equipment, that is, sawmills, ribbon circular and other equipment.
The sawn timber can be edged, unedged and one-sided-edged. Depending on how wood treatment is performed, that is, these varieties are highlighted from the processing of planing, depending the edges and calibration. Thus, lumber with edges that are poured perpendicular to fed and have a small permissible on the regulatory documentation, is a edged lumber. The edges can be both non-parallel, on the run and parallel.
The edge-cutting board with one edge in the case of apeaken perpendicular to the plasts is called one-sided-edged sawn timber. Review on this edge to be allowed not more than in the edged sawn timber.
Wood with partial red or unsophisticated edges, and the obtance is more permissible in the cutting board, is called unedged lumber.
If the cutting board is processed by planing both edges or at least one ray, then it is a planed sawn timber. The same edged wood material dried, as well as processed to a certain specified size, will be referred to as a calibrated sawn timber.
Depending on the strength of the indicators of lumber are structural. From the type of sorting - machine and visual sorting.
Sort lumber
Machine sorting is a sorting in which lumber using a special device that works on the principle of dependence between the limit of bending strength, stretching, compression and elasticity is sorted by the machine.
Visual sorting of the material involves the usual external inspection and accounting of quantities, size, location and character of wood vices. According to the method of processing the ends: barreered, that is, circumcised in length in size, and unordorted, that is, those that are not cropped along the length in size.
