Starting repairs in a house or apartment, one of the obligatory works will be plastering the walls. Often, repairs fall in the winter, so the owners need to know at what temperature the walls can be plastered.
You will also need to learn how to properly carry out the work so that the solution does not crack or simply fall off. The article will provide all the rules and recommendations on temperature conditions for work and conditions for applying plaster.
Preparation and conditions
The easiest way to finish the walls with plaster is in the warm and dry season. In summer, the procedure for plastering walls inside the building is greatly simplified, since the humidity is low, and the temperature allows the mortar to dry quickly and not deform.
In winter, you will need to follow certain rules.
Firstly, the humidity in the room where the repair is being carried out should be no higher than 8%.
Secondly, the temperature of the solution itself should be at least +8 degrees.
Plastering the slopes on the openings, the corners of the building, you need to know that they are most exposed to cooling, so work is best done before the start of the winter period.
Excessively high room temperatures will lead to improper drying of the mixture and the appearance of defects. If there are no windows and doors, then they need to be inserted. After that, insulation work should be carried out. When working in the living room, you need to remove the old finishing materials, if necessary, remove part of the old plaster.
In addition, it should be noted that it is possible to putty walls in winter if the temperature near the floor is not less than +8 degrees, and near the ceiling no more than +30 degrees.
If the room is more than 30 degrees, then the solution will dry quickly and dry out as a result. Due to this, the strength of the plaster is lost, it begins to crack and may fall off after a while.
Heating and drying
Gypsum plasters dry for a long time, within 2 weeks Any putty requires thorough drying after application, and for different types of building mixtures, different binders are included in the composition, which must be dried under certain conditions.
A small amount of carbon dioxide is needed to dry and harden lime-based plasters. It is forbidden to dry the solution according to the fast method, since the solution will lose its elasticity and give many cracks.
Lime, and also completely dries out for 2 weeks. At this time, the building should be ventilated 2-3 times a day. Drying is carried out not after a separate area has been plastered, but when work has been carried out in the entire room or along the entire wall.
If the composition contains cement, then such mixtures will dry faster, in just a week. When using materials with cement, there is no need to ventilate the room, since cement needs moisture that is in the air.
After the layer of putty has dried, the room must have a constant temperature of at least 8 degrees. At home, the best heating for drying walls after plastering is stove heating or central heating. If it is not possible to use such heating systems, then it is necessary to make temporary heating of the room.
For these purposes, air heaters and heat guns are used. With such equipment, the solution on the walls will dry out for a week if the room temperature is 25-30 degrees.
After drying, the heating elements can be removed, but make sure that the temperature in the building is at least 8 degrees Celsius. This allows the walls to remain warm and not stained with moisture. For a detailed process, see this video:
Heaters can be used as heating devices.
Those who plaster the walls in a room where there is no heating, and it is winter outside, you need to add special additives that allow you to apply the solution and maintain its properties even at sub-zero temperatures.
You can get acquainted with the additives and the scope of their application according to the table:
| Additives | Description | Cooking Method | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorine water | It is more often used for outdoor work, but walls can also be puttied inside the building. Plaster with such an additive can be used at -25 degrees. | To make an additive, you need to heat the water to 35 degrees, then put bleach at the rate of 100 liters of liquid 15 kg of the mixture. Water is stirred until the mixture is completely dissolved in it. Further, it is left for 1.5 hours to infuse. After a while, the additive can be poured into a container and used in the amount that is required. It is forbidden to warm the composition by more than 35 degrees, otherwise the chlorine will evaporate. | It is forbidden to use unsettled water with chlorine, otherwise the plaster will crack. With the additive, cement-based solutions are created, which are used for application to walls made of brick, concrete, wood. For a quality solution, you need to mix 1 part of cement, 1 part of the resulting additive and 6 parts of sand. It is necessary to work with the additive only in a respirator and gloves. After drying, chlorine evaporates and has no effect on humans. |
| Potash | A solution with the addition of potash is used for plastering mesh elements, fittings and other metal parts. Potash will not allow the metal to corrode. The additive is used for cement mortar, possibly with the addition of clay and lime. | For the preparation of plaster, it is allowed to use cement of a low grade. The amount of potash itself depends on the temperature in the room. If the room temperature is up to -5 degrees, then potash is added in the amount of 1% of the total amount of dry mixes. If the temperature is lower, then you need to add 1.5% and 2% at a temperature lower than -15. Clay should initially be dried a little, then mixed with sand and cement, then water with potash is added. | A ready-made solution with potash is used for an hour. During application, the mixture must lie in an insulated container, and the person performing the work must use appropriate protective equipment. |
| ammonia water | The additive is produced at factories, in the form of a finished liquid in a sealed container. When diluted, the temperature of the additive and water should not be more than +5 degrees, increasing the temperature, ammonia will evaporate. | To make an ammonia additive, you need to add 3.16 liters of ordinary water per liter of solution (25%). If another solution (15%) is used, then 1.5 liters of ordinary water is needed per liter. An additive is added to the cement mortar, to which sand and lime can be added. Do not use ammonia with gypsum or clay. | The finished solution can be applied to very cold walls, the room can be up to -30 degrees. It is recommended to work on beacons. |
Knowing what additives are used, it is possible to plaster the walls indoors even at sub-zero temperatures. The solution will hold well and not lose its properties. For more information about additives, see this video:
Everything sets quickly, so you need to prepare the solution in the amount that will actually be used for an hour. The mixture itself should be at least +5 degrees.
Having become acquainted with the temperature at which walls can be plastered inside the house, the work will be simplified, and time, labor and effort will not be spent in vain.
Indeed, often from ignorance of temperature indicators, the plaster begins to crack, various defects appear, or simply fall off in pieces.
Decorative plaster called "bark beetle" is now perhaps the most popular type of facade decoration. You can see it both on private houses and on public buildings, and in a variety of versions. In general, the application of bark beetle decorative plaster is distinguished by a simple technology, but there are certain nuances, without which it will not work to get the desired texture. What are these nuances, and how to independently learn such a finish, we will consider in detail in our article.
The material got its name because of the pattern that is obtained during the processing of the coating: the texture resembles wood, which has been eroded by bark beetles. With proper application, this coating looks very attractive and aesthetically pleasing, but it is worth making a mistake, and all decorativeness is lost.
The creation of a characteristic pattern is provided by small solid granules contained in the composition of the plaster mixture. Their size varies from 1 to 3.5 millimeters, and the greater the graininess, the more expressive the texture of the coating. Bark beetle plaster is made on a gypsum, cement and acrylic basis, and marble or mineral chips act as a filler. Acrylic compositions go on sale ready for use, gypsum - in the form of a dry mixture. As a rule, they all have a white color, but they can be tinted during the mixing process, as well as painted after being applied to the surface with facade paints.
Structural pattern of bark beetle plaster
The main characteristics of the material:
- after drying, the coating acquires high strength, due to which it can withstand light impacts, friction and other mechanical influences;
- plaster does not absorb moisture, tolerates atmospheric influences, temperature changes;
- the content of polymer components and mineral fillers makes the finished composition much lighter than conventional plaster, and this reduces the load on the facade structural elements;
- as part of this plaster there are no substances harmful to human health, therefore it is considered an environmentally friendly material;
- when properly applied under standard operating conditions, the coating lasts for years without deterioration in external qualities, if necessary, it can be easily restored;
- bark beetle plaster can be washed with water and soapy solutions, it is affected by mold and does not burn.
You can buy material at any hardware store, and at a very reasonable price. As for the disadvantages: the application process requires great care and does not tolerate haste. The pattern is very easy to smear with an extra movement of the tool, as a result of which, instead of nice grooves, you get the usual rough scratches on the surface of the plaster.
An example of finishing the facade with "bark beetle"
How to choose plaster
A huge number of manufacturers produce bark beetle plaster, but you need to focus not on brands, but on the type of composition, its grain size, and the pot life of the solution. Grit is the most important parameter, since it is it that sets the texture of the material and affects its consumption. The thickness of the plaster layer should be equal to the size of the filler granules, that is, the larger the granularity, the thicker the layer, which means the higher the consumption.
The next criterion is the type of composition. Ready-made plasters save time, are more plastic and easy to apply due to the content of special additives, but they are more expensive than dry mixes and cannot be stored. If you did not have time to use the entire volume of plaster, the rest will have to be thrown away - the frozen solution is unsuitable for work.
Dry mixes are cheaper, they can be prepared in the volume that is needed, the rest of the dry powder is perfectly stored in a closed package. The only difficulty here may be the preparation of the solution, but if you follow the instructions exactly, then the kneading process will not cause any difficulties.
Comparative table of plaster compositions "bark beetle" of various manufacturers.
| Brand name | Specifications | Price |
|---|---|---|
| Dry mix based on cement with mineral filler. Available in 2 fractions - 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm. The color palette includes, in addition to white, 7 pastel shades. The consumption rate is 2.5-4 kg/m2. Drying time 1 day, mortar setting time - 60 minutes. Packed in bags of 25 kg | From 670 rubles/bag |
| Ready-made composition based on silicone resin. The color palette includes 200 different shades. The grain size of the filler is 2 mm. The consumption rate is 2.7 kg/m2. Packed in buckets of 25 kg | From 2590 rubles/bucket |
| Dry cement mix with mineral granules of two fractions - 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm, white. The consumption rate is 1.5-3.5 kg/m2. The mixture is available in white and beige. The viability of the solution is 3 hours. Packed in bags of 25 kg | From 300 rubles/bag |
| Ready composition on acrylic binder. The grain size of the filler is 2 and 3 mm. The consumption rate of the mixture is 2.3-3.8 kg/m2. The main color is white, suitable for tinting. Packing - buckets of 25 kg | From 2850 rubles/bucket |
| Base - white cement, filler - dolomite chips. Available in two fractions - 1.5 mm and 2 mm. The viability of the solution is 2 hours, the consumption rate is 2-2.5 kg/m2. Packed in bags of 25 kg | From 465 rubles / bag |
| Composition based on white cement, filler - marble flour. Available in 2 fractions - 1.5 mm and 3 mm. The consumption rate is from 5 to 6.5 kg/m2. Drying time - from 2 to 3 days, solution viability time - 1 hour. The main color is white, packing - bags of 25 kg | From 450 rubles / bag |
| Cement dry mix, with mineral granules, is produced in 5 fractions - 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 mm. Colors are paintable white, super white and grey. The consumption rate is 1.5-3.3 kg/m2. It takes 2 days to dry, the pot life of the solution is 1 hour. Packed in bags of 25 kg | From 395 rubles/bag |
| Ready-made composition on silicone resins with mineral filler. Available in two fractions - 2 mm and 3 mm. The consumption rate of the mixture is from 2.8 to 3.9 kg / m2. Packing - bucket 25 kg | From 4630 rubles/bucket |
| Type of plaster - dry mix, filler - marble chips. Available in 3 fractions: 3.5 mm, 2.5 mm, 1.5 mm. The main color is white, suitable for tinting. Drying time is 24 hours, setting time of the solution is 3 hours. Consumption per m2 - from 2 to 4 kg. The service life of the coating is 10 years. Packed in bags of 25 kg | From 580 rubles/bag |
Prices for various types of decorative bark beetle plaster
Plaster decorative bark beetle
Plastering technology
The process of applying a decorative coating "bark beetle" consists of two main stages: the distribution of the mixture over the surface and the formation of a pattern using a tool. But before that, it is required to carefully prepare the base, because the adhesion strength of the plaster to the base and, as a result, the durability of the finish depends on this.
Preparatory stage
Decorative plaster should only be applied to dense and even surfaces that are not subject to shrinkage. Walls made of brick, concrete, cinder block are best suited for this, but for wooden houses it is preferable to choose other finishing methods. The basis for decorative plaster is usually a leveling cement plaster, which is applied to the walls themselves or to the insulation layer. In some cases, the bark beetle can be applied over facade paint.
So, first they clean the dust and dirt, remove oil stains with a solvent, clean and treat the areas affected by the fungus with an antiseptic. All grooves, cracks and chips are sealed with cement mortar. Next, they take a rule with a length of at least 2 m, and apply it to the wall in different places to check if there are any deviations from the plane. If the deviations are more than 2 mm, additional leveling with a plaster or putty mixture will be required.
A facade painted with oil paint should be thoroughly sanded with coarse sandpaper over the entire area, provided that the paint is firmly attached and has no defects.
After the base is cleaned and leveled, it is primed. Some master plasterers claim that it is not necessary to prime the exterior concrete and cement-sand bases, and simply moisten the surface with water before applying the plaster. This approach is incorrect, and leads to a reduction in the life of the coating, because it is the primer that strengthens the upper layers of the base and ensures high-quality adhesion of materials. It is desirable to use primers of the same brand as the plaster itself. As a rule, manufacturers indicate on the packaging of the "bark beetle" which primer is preferable to use.
Advice. For priming the surface, it is recommended to use strengthening compounds with quartz sand. They penetrate deep into the pores of the base, give water-repellent properties, maximize adhesion. If you plan to use tinted plaster, then the primer should also be tinted to match the finish so that the base does not shine through after the patterns are formed.
The primer is applied with a roller or brush, evenly treating the walls from top to bottom. This should be done in dry, warm weather, on a dry surface. One layer is enough for a solid base, 2 layers for a dust-forming one. After that, the walls should dry completely, on average, it takes 4 to 6 hours to dry.
Now you can apply plaster.
When choosing a dry mix, special attention should be paid to the preparation of the solution. If you do not yet have experience in plastering work, do the batch in small portions, since the plaster dries quickly, and you cannot dilute it with water. Read the instructions on the package, be sure to remember the proportions of water and dry powder, because the quality of the solution depends on it.
Step 1. They take a container for kneading (an ordinary 10-liter bucket will do), pour the indicated amount of water, the temperature of which should be in the range of 15-20 ° C, and gradually introduce the dry mixture. On average, 200-250 ml of water is required per 1 kg of the mixture.
Step 2 Mixing is carried out with a drill with a nozzle, since it is difficult to achieve a homogeneous consistency manually. You need to interfere at a low speed, completely immersing the mixer in the solution so that air bubbles do not form.
Step 3 After 2-3 minutes, when the solution becomes pasty and homogeneous, the mixer must be turned off and the plaster must be allowed to stand for about 5 minutes. Then it is mixed again and the application is started.
If you need to give the plaster a certain color, you should purchase the color of the desired shade in advance and add it when mixing the mortar. In this case, mix especially carefully so that all the pigment is dissolved, and there are no streaks and individual blotches left. Manufacturers recommend tinting only ready-made compositions based on acrylic and silicone, and painting plasters from dry mixes after drying with facade paints.
Primer prices for decorative plasters
Primer for decorative plasters/s>
Video - Tinting decorative plaster "Bark beetle"
To apply the solution, you will need a metal trowel 30 cm long and a narrow metal spatula 10 cm wide.
We put the solution on a trowel
The solution is applied with a narrow spatula on a trowel, after which the tool is placed against the wall at an angle of 30 degrees and the plaster is distributed in a uniform thin layer over the thickness of the filler grain. Try to perform a minimum of movements in one area, and at all times maintain the same pressing force. It is most convenient to apply the mixture in narrow vertical stripes.
The next strip is applied so as to overlap the edge of the previous one by 5-7 mm. The solution must be stirred periodically, as the filler tends to settle to the bottom. In the process of work, it is impossible to allow the drying of individual sections, since the transitions will be visible this way. If the area is large, it is better to work together with an assistant: one person will apply the plaster, the second will knead new portions of the mortar.
Since the pattern is formed on wet plaster, each wall is processed separately from corner to corner. If you decide to first apply the solution to the entire facade, and then start grouting, you will not succeed, since the first sections will already be dry.
Texture formation
The creation of the pattern begins 10-20 minutes after application (depending on the composition of the mixture). The readiness of the plaster for grouting can be determined by the lack of gloss on the surface or by touching the wall with your hand - if the mixture does not stick to your palm, it's time to start grouting.
They take a plastic grater, apply it to the surface, press it a little and perform uniform movements in one direction. As with application, the walls are treated in sections with a width of no more than 1.5 meters. Movements should be accurate, there is no need to rush, and you can’t drive in one place several times. The joints of the two strips must be moistened with water.
If you do not have time to make one plane completely, take masking tape and stick it along the line where the plaster layer ends. Then apply a little mortar over the adhesive tape, form a pattern, and immediately remove the adhesive tape along with the remains of the plaster. When you can continue to work, the first step is to stick masking tape around the edge of the already dried plaster, and then proceed to apply the mortar. This technique will avoid overlapping layers, as a result of which the transition will be almost invisible.
There are many options for texture formation, the most popular of which are:
Coating finishing
It usually takes about 2 days to dry the plaster layer (look for the exact information on the packaging of the mixture), and before that no work can be done on the surface. After the specified time, it is advisable to grind the coating with the finest sandpaper in order to remove adhering crumbs of the solution and trim the surface. If acrylic tinted plaster was used, the finishing work is now complete.
When using a cement mixture to increase decorativeness, painting is performed. Water-soluble paints based on silicone and acrylic are best suited here. So, after grinding, the walls are cleaned of dust and treated with a deep penetration primer in one layer. After the surface has dried, it is time to paint. If you prefer to paint with a roller or brush, choose tools with a long pile - this will allow you to paint over all the recesses and grooves with high quality. Apply the paint in two layers - the first with vertical strokes, the second with horizontal strokes.
Painting plaster "bark beetle"
Finishing the facade with plaster should be carried out at temperatures from +5°С to +30°С and air humidity not exceeding 60%. Only under such conditions will the quality of the coating correspond to the specified characteristics. That is why it is necessary to start finishing in dry, warm weather and preferably calm. Strong wind, as well as direct sunlight, negatively affects the plaster, contributes to its cracking. If during the day the facade is under direct sunlight, apply the plaster in the late afternoon so that the coating can harden and dry sufficiently overnight.
It is better for beginners to start from the most inconspicuous part of the wall, since not everyone can immediately accurately apply a drawing, and it is no longer possible to correct flaws on dry plaster. It is advisable to choose paint, primer and decorative putty from the same manufacturer - this guarantees maximum compatibility of materials and the quality of the coating.
Video - Applying decorative plaster bark beetle
Video - Methods for applying texture
Decorative plaster "Bark beetle" is a building material intended for exterior and interior wall surface finishing. This plaster owes its popularity to its aesthetic qualities and practicality.
This material got its name due to its appearance: the surface finished with it has specific grooves, similar to traces left by a pest insect.
Properties "Bark beetle"
"Bark beetle" does not require additional processing after application. A wide palette of colors and shades makes it easy to choose the most suitable option for any interior or exterior building. Textured plaster "Bark beetle" is resistant to negative atmospheric influences, has mechanical strength and is not afraid of moisture. The surface covered with such plaster can be washed.
Temperature fluctuations are also not terrible for this material: it can withstand from - 55 to + 60 ° С. The coating does not change color when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
"Bark beetle" is absolutely not dangerous to humans: it does not emit harmful substances, does not contain plasticizers and solvents, and has a pleasant smell. It is resistant to acids, alkalis and is not afraid of the effects of industrial gases contained in the atmosphere. The plaster dissolves well in water and dries quickly after application.
The composition of this material includes titanium dioxide, fine marble chips, copolymer acrylic dispersions (synthetic). The plaster is tinted with full-tone paints.
Preparing the mixture
To prepare the plaster mixture, water with a temperature of 15-20 ° C is needed. In a special container with water, add the dry mixture in small portions, mixing thoroughly to avoid the appearance of lumps. For mixing, use a special nozzle inserted into the chuck of an electric drill. Stir twice, with a break of five minutes. The resulting mixture should be used up within an hour.
When choosing the consistency, you should use the table that should be on the package: the ratio of the amount of water and dry mix. Do not add water to the finished mixture (during operation). In order not to thicken the solution, it must be stirred from time to time.
Application of the prepared mixture
Bark beetle plaster can be used as a finishing material for walls and internal partitions made of concrete, brick, drywall, chipboard and sandwich panels.
Before applying the plaster, the concrete surface must be prepared: cleaned from dust, oil stains and other contaminants. Using putty, it is required to level the base, eliminate cracks and cracks. Old paint must be removed. After the preparatory work, the wall is treated with a primer. After the wall has completely dried (after 6 hours), “Bark beetle” can be applied.
Facade plaster "Bark beetle" can be applied to a surface that has not been treated with a primer. Before starting plastering (in 1 hour), the wall is abundantly wetted with water.
"Bark beetle" is applied with a stainless steel grater. The tool is oriented at an acute angle (about 60°) to the wall surface. The thickness of the plaster layer is selected depending on the fraction of the mineral aggregate. Finally, the surface of the wall is formed with a plastic or wooden float. The direction of the decorative furrows can be different: it depends on the amplitude and trajectory of the movements performed when applying the plaster. Excessive pressure with a grater should not be allowed.
In the process of applying plaster, interruptions in work are highly undesirable: if you still need to pause, you must stick a masking tape. Hardened plaster, if necessary, is removed with a scraper or spatula.
Such work can be performed only in the warm season. In this case, the air temperature should be within 5-30 ° above zero, humidity - up to 80%. The lower temperature limit for tinted plaster is slightly higher: + 9 °C. Under such conditions, the bark beetle does not dry out quickly. To start work, it is advisable to wait for calm and not rainy weather, and bright sunlight is also not desirable.
The tinted material must be from the same batch, and the water for the preparation of the mixture must be taken from the same source. The surface of the wall can subsequently be painted, but only after the wall has completely dried.
Safety precautions when working with "Bark beetle"
Work with decorative plaster should be in work gloves: this will protect the skin of the hands from the negative effects of alkali, which is formed as a result of the reaction of cement (which is part of the mixture) with water. If "Bark beetle" gets into the eyes, they should be immediately rinsed with clean water and consult a doctor.
Now there are few people, you can surprise with wallpaper. Despite the fact that manufacturers in this area are constantly improving, inventing new technological processes for their manufacture and external effects, this wall decoration has a number of significant drawbacks. A great alternative to wallpaper is decorative plaster. It is a safe and practical coating that looks beautiful and is easy to clean. There are a lot of varieties of decorative plaster, you can choose the effect for each interior, room or building, given their main purpose.
You can decorate the entire room or part of it: one or two walls, or even a small area. Plaster is harmoniously combined with other types of finishes, and a good choice of shade and volumetric texture will perfectly complement any interior.
The work on applying decorative plaster is relatively easy and, if desired, they can be mastered independently. For its application, it is not necessary to thoroughly align the walls and this is its additional advantage. The design of the wall covering can be either complex, in the Venetian style, for example, or romantic, ascetic - whatever! It all depends on your desire, taste and possibilities.
What is plaster made of, and what types is it?
Decorative plaster is completely safe for human health and the environment, its composition is usually based on one of the components such as cement, acrylic or silicone. It is according to the main ingredient that the material is classified, since the properties of the final product directly depend on it.
It is also important to use each type of plaster for its intended purpose and not otherwise.
- If we are talking about exterior decoration, then only facade types are used for such work - they are more resistant to temperature extremes, atmospheric phenomena and ultraviolet radiation.
- Interior decoration - the element of interior types of plasters.
When choosing a particular type of material, consider the features of its operation. Whether there will be high humidity in the room or if it is not heated - it depends on which type of plaster is better to use. The type of design is also important - what should be the final result of the finish, what types of relief, patterns and degree of roughness are provided in the style of the interior. Consider the possible options.
It is made on a cement basis, it may also contain lime, sandstone, clay and similar components. Due to its composition, this type of plaster has affordable prices and a wide range.
It is sold in the form of a dry mix, which has several advantages:
- Possibility of long-term storage under any temperature conditions. The dry mixture can be stored in unheated warehouses, it does not deteriorate at low or high temperatures. The main requirement is a dry room.
- You can prepare any volume you need to work at the moment, plaster. This is especially convenient for finishing large areas, when work lasts for several days.
- With self-preparation of the working solution, it is easy to vary its consistency. This may depend on the type of finish, for a smooth coating or work with a roller, you need a more liquid, and for a three-dimensional design - a thicker plaster.
In work, mineral plaster is not whimsical, it is convenient to apply it with a spatula or trowel, and if the area is large, then by hardware. The thickness of the layer may vary depending on the need, when applying a layer of more than 15-18 centimeters, be sure to reinforce the plaster with a mesh. After drying, such plaster forms a durable porous coating.
This finish is not prone to ignition and is ideal for soundproofing a room. It should also be noted that the mineral coating is able to insulate the walls well.
Of course, the appearance of mineral plaster is not particularly presentable, which makes its subsequent processing mandatory - painting, varnishing.
Also, the paint layer is necessary to prevent the ingress of vapors and moisture into the coating, which is porous in its structure. With high humidity, fungus can form in them.
It has an acrylic resin backing that provides a durable layer of finished material. Acrylic plaster has high vapour-moisture resistance, is resistant to ultraviolet radiation, various pollution and temperature fluctuations. Due to its excellent characteristics, it can be used in rooms with high humidity, such as bathrooms or kitchens, as well as facade decoration for outdoor work.
This type of plaster is sold in a ready-to-use form - you do not need to prepare it yourself, remove the necessary density and mix thoroughly, avoiding the formation of lumps. You can add the desired dye to the finished acrylic plaster yourself or order the desired shade in the tinting studio, where it can be matched to the overall style of the interior.
It is important to prepare at once the entire volume of colored plaster necessary for work, otherwise it will not be possible to avoid color differences. Various additives, antifungals, antiseptics and the like can also be used. At the same time, the pricing policy is quite democratic, it is, of course, more expensive than mineral, but much cheaper than other types of decorative plaster.
Acrylic plaster is probably the most convenient of all decorative plasters. Due to its composition, it has high plastic properties and is well suited for design of varying degrees of complexity.
Previously, the surface for finishing must be cleaned and primed - so the plaster layer will hold firmly and durable. Acrylic plaster is applied with various spatulas, decorative elements can be made using rollers, brushes, various molds, or even the most original, home-made inventions.
It should also be noted that the elasticity of this material. This fact allows you to use it for a variety of surfaces. Acrylic plaster is easily applied to wood, brick, OSB panels, porous materials, stone, drywall or even foam. It can be applied manually and mechanically. Special installations for drawing are used, as a rule, at large volumes of works.
It should be noted that acrylic plaster hardens quickly, so you need to work with it carefully. To get the same shade and texture of the coating, you should not take breaks in work for more than half an hour. During application, the material must be stirred as often as possible, especially after adding a new portion, so that it remains homogeneous.
Acrylic plaster finish is spectacular and quite durable. With this material, you can fulfill any design fantasy and make your wildest dreams come true. Durability also ensures ease and ease of care. Such a coating can be washed with non-abrasive detergents, cleaned from dust and other contaminants.
Consists of silicone resins and various types of fillers such as fabric, mineral materials and the like. This type of plaster is purely decorative and is used only for finishing. It can be used both indoors and outdoors.
Such plaster does not require preliminary alignment of the walls, as it will do it on its own, at the same time as adding a decorative component. This material is more expensive than previous types, but its price is largely due to universal properties, which means it is fully justified. Silicone plaster is sold in containers of various sizes, which makes it possible to purchase it in the required quantity, even if it is small.
The advantages of this type of plaster are difficult to exaggerate:
- Very long service life. Even facade silicone plaster, subject to temperature changes, atmospheric phenomena and direct exposure to sunlight, can retain its appearance for up to twenty years! What can we say about the interior decoration - the duration of operation here is even longer.
- High vapor permeability. This material can provide any necessary indoor microclimate. It easily transfers moisture, high temperature or steam, condensation and mold do not form on the walls, fungus is not terrible.
- This material is highly elastic., this means that the treated surface will not change even with mechanical damage.
Silicone plaster is sold white or colored - you can choose a ready-made shade, or you can tint it as you wish. Can be applied as a smooth coat or with some kind of decoration technique.
The technique of use practically does not differ from other plaster mixes.
It is important, after opening the container, to thoroughly mix the material, and also, before starting work, clean the walls well from dirt, remnants of old plaster and the like.
For finishing, a metal spatula is used, which must be held at an angle to the surface to be treated. The standing thickness depends on the size of the silicone plaster fraction, but in general, all these coatings are thin-layered. In work, she is not picky, it is quite suitable even for beginners, especially if there is a desire to get an unusual and stylish design.
It is produced on the basis of liquid glass, it also contains mineral additives and pigments. It is more often used as a facade finish, but it can also be used indoors.
It perfectly copes with the protection of treated surfaces from the effects of atmospheric phenomena: dampness, wind, temperatures. On sale it is presented in a ready-to-use form, there is both white and colored plaster.
A distinctive feature of silicate plaster is its vapor and moisture resistance. These properties make it ideal for loose and porous walls, for example, the same gas or foam concrete. The material allows for a breathable wall covering, as a result, it is unlikely that mold or condensation will form on the walls. Also, the plaster is resistant to cracking and has shown itself to be excellent in care - it is washed with water, it is easily cleaned of dirt.
There are, however, some disadvantages of silicate plaster:
- The material fits well on mineral surfaces, and if you plan to work on others, careful pre-treatment is needed. This increases the duration of the finishing process and the cost of its implementation.
- It dries quickly, which means that it must be applied at an accelerated pace, alterations are excluded.
- Can change color under the influence of solar radiation, especially for bright and dark shades.
- Has a fairly high cost.
When choosing this type of plaster, you need to weigh its advantages and disadvantages, in certain cases - this type of finish is ideal and wins in relation to other decorative coatings.
Types of finishing decorative plaster
Decorative plasters can be not only different in types, but also with various special fillers that will give the surface one effect or another. That is, there is no need to independently develop the decor and do it manually. Thanks to the special texture of the plaster, you can decorate the interior simply by applying it to the walls. These types of plaster include:
Textured plaster
As a filler, mica, small pebbles or sand, wood fiber are present here. This is one of the most versatile, and therefore common types of finishes. The layer thickness is from 0.2 to 2 mm. It is easiest to perform various design ideas and textures with such plaster; after application, you can colorfully beat it by coloring it in different shades or highlighting elements with gold and silver pigments.
Here, fine quartz grains, sand or other minerals are used as additives. After application to the surface, this plaster gives a uniform layer of a certain pattern. Additionally, you can use a textured roller.
The main component of this type of plaster is the marble fraction, very fine grinding. Therefore, all images made using this technique are smooth and shiny, visually similar to a noble marble stone.
No less popular is the variety of Venetian plaster - Moroccan. It is carried out with the same materials, however, its peculiarity is in the multi-layer coating, it is applied in three layers: the first and last of which are plain, and the middle one is gilded. Outwardly, it also resembles marble slabs.
Interesting, modern material. It consists of colored acrylic flakes, sometimes called flocks or chips. Particles can be of various shapes and sizes. This plaster perfectly imitates suede, velor, leather and is successfully used for decorating various surfaces - ceilings, walls, columns.
Among all types of decorative plaster, I would like to note the most popular types of finishes - these are "bark beetle", "lamb" and "fur coat". Their constant demand among buyers is thoroughly justified: plaster textures have a spectacular appearance, are easy to use and practical to maintain. Of course, affordable cost is also an important factor. Let's take a closer look at each type.
This mixture consists of several components, in the bulk of the plaster there are special mineral granules, about 2 mm in size. For outdoor work, larger granules can also be used - in large areas they are more relevant. It is these particles, when applied to the surface, that create a peculiar pattern that imitates the moves of a tree beetle - a bark beetle.
This design looks attractive and unusual, plus, a well-chosen color of the plaster will complement the overall image of the finished finish.
"Bark beetle" - the finishing type of decorative plaster, it is used only for finishing work, on a prepared surface. There are no particularly stringent requirements for the base, you don’t need to thoroughly level it, it’s enough just to repair the cracks, if any, clean up the rough roughness and apply a primer for better adhesion of materials. The plaster has proven itself on brick, concrete, stone surfaces, as well as on drywall.
On sale "bark beetle" is in the form of a dry mixture, and there is already ready for use. The choice is up to you! If you buy in dry form, then for its cultivation you will need a large container, water and a special construction mixer - to mix the solution.
The ready-to-use product is sold in hermetically sealed buckets of various sizes, thanks to the consumption indicated on the label, you can easily estimate how many kilograms of solution you will need. In addition, the finished mixture can be purchased colored or tinted at the buyer's choice by adding special coloring pastes.
In work, the "bark beetle" is not whimsical. Available not only for professionals, but also for self-taught amateurs. You just need metal spatulas of different sizes - for applying plaster, a plastic grater - for rubbing and a little accuracy and patience. The solution hardens rather slowly, therefore, during the work it can be corrected or partially redone.
The “bark beetle” coating, with its low price and ease of application, looks impressive, holds firmly and is able to please the eye for a long time.
Decorative plaster "Lamb"
This is a type of decorative plaster, the basis of which is cement. Mineral components act as additives here: quartz, marble, dolomite and the like. Also, special additives are usually added to the composition of the “lamb”, which provide the coating with frost resistance, resistance to atmospheric phenomena, and ultraviolet radiation.
This type of plaster is sometimes used indoors, but it has established itself especially firmly as a facade finish. It well protects the outer walls from mold, moisture and mechanical damage. And its beautiful appearance is able to decorate any building.
"Lamb" fits well on almost all types of walls: brick, cement, drywall, stone - everything will suit him. Before application, it is enough to simply clean and prime the surfaces, even several times - this is an additional protection against fungus and mold.
Most often, such plaster is sold in the form of a dry mix - if we talk about facade work, this is quite justified: it is more profitable in price and more convenient to use - you can prepare it as needed.
It is not difficult to prepare a solution, you need to dilute dry plaster in a large container with water, in the proportions indicated on the package and mix thoroughly with a construction mixer. Please note that the decorative elements in the plaster may eventually settle to the bottom of the container, therefore, during operation, the mixture must sometimes be mixed until smooth.
Decorative plaster is applied with a metal spatula or trowel, this should be done with uniform pressure - so that the granules are evenly distributed over the surface. Immediately after application, the solution is rubbed with a special grater. After mashing, a peculiar relief is formed, similar to the skin of a lamb.
The work on applying such a decor is quite painstaking and it is better to entrust them to a professional or, in extreme cases, to carry out not one, but a team of several people.
After the plaster has completely dried, it can be painted in the desired color, this will give the facade a finished harmonious appearance. "Lamb" can not only protect the walls from all sorts of influences, but also make them beautiful and stylish.
Decorative plaster "Fur coat"
One of the first and most popular for a long time, decorative coatings. Modern compositions of this decorative plaster are much more durable, elastic and aesthetically attractive than the previous ones. The "fur coat" is especially attractive for its affordable cost, which makes it constantly in demand.
It can be applied to any mineral surface: brick, stone, cement, sand mortars.
There is only one requirement: the walls must be strong, and the surface must be free of dust. A properly executed finish will last for many years without much change in appearance.
There are quite a few options for "fur coats" on sale. The dry mix is offered in various color variations, with different fraction sizes.
The buckets sell a ready-to-apply mixture, which can also be already dyed or white, in which case you can tint it yourself or in the studio.
You can apply a "fur coat" both manually - with a special roller, and mechanically: with a machine or even a compressor, it depends on the size of the surfaces to be treated. A small area, it is quite possible to do it yourself using a roller, and if we are talking about, then here, it is better to resort to the help of special devices.
As for staining, this can also be done after the solution has solidified, in which case the “fur coat” can be repainted from time to time, changing the interior. But it is more profitable, after all, to add color already during the preparation of the plaster - then you are not afraid of mechanical damage or chips during the operation of the facade.
What plaster to choose?
When planning repairs, I want to understand in which case which material is most beneficial to use. After all, the interior should be not only beautiful, but also practical, safe and, if possible, durable. Decorative plaster meets all these parameters in full, so if you choose this material, you definitely won’t go wrong.
How to decide which type of plaster to prefer and why?
You already know that, first of all, the type of product depends on the conditions for which it will be used. If we are talking about facade work, then, of course, it is necessary to give preference to materials that can withstand sub-zero temperatures, moisture and ultraviolet radiation.
It is also important here what result you plan to achieve: for a more rigorous appearance, simple acrylic plaster is suitable, not expensive and attractive enough, it can decorate the facade. However, if you can afford more durable materials, higher cost, then of course you should prefer silicone plaster - more expensive, but also last much longer!
If a simple smooth surface seems too primitive to you, you should pay attention to ready-made structural plasters - “lamb”, “bark beetle”, “fur coat” - they look more interesting, and also serve for a long time.
When choosing a material, it is important whether you will do the coating yourself or entrust the work to specialists. If you plan to plaster with your own hands, choose materials that are easier to work with. This is the same "bark beetle" - you can correct the flaws of the work campaign, or acrylic plaster, with which you can bring your fantasies to life. For beginners, ready-made plasters are better suited, it is enough to mix them before use. When buying dry mixes, you need to carefully observe the proportion with water, otherwise you will get a consistency that is not convenient for work and all plans will go down the drain.
2. Interior decoration of the premises.
But as for the interior decoration - here the choice is simply huge and there are many options. Again, think about what room you are planning to buy decorative plaster for. If this is a bathroom or kitchen, it is worth stopping at vapor-resistant materials. Depending on financial capabilities, it can be acrylic, or better, silicone plaster. They perfectly withstand moisture, dampness and prevent the formation of fungus and mold.
Residential premises can be finished with absolutely any type of plaster intended for interior work! What is especially attractive is that the types of materials can be combined with each other, for example, in a room finished with mineral plaster of the same tone, to highlight some areas in the Venetian design. If there are columns or ledges, they will be perfectly decorated with flock plaster. One or two walls covered with structural plaster will emphasize the overall style of the interior. Here you need to rely on your sense of taste, the size of the room and its purpose.
Decorative plaster is a modern, environmentally friendly and practical material. With it, you can get various effects: from a simple imitation of water ripples to pompous Venetian stained glass windows. This material is durable and easy to maintain, which will allow, once repaired, not to think about it for many years to come. The main thing here is to choose the right type of plaster that is really needed, and use it correctly, otherwise it all depends on your imagination!
The concept of "plaster" is not only the application of cement mortar to the surface of the wall, but also giving it artistic beauty. It can be a different color scheme and application technology.
Decorative wall plaster known for a long time, just now it has reached a higher level and acquired updated forms. Full-fledged technological processes of application have already been developed, and only the best components are used as materials.
Description and benefits
Wall decoration with decorative plaster- This is a special technological process for applying a cement mixture, but not a simple one. In order for ordinary plaster to turn into decorative, additives are used: color and structural. There are special plasters of a universal sample, they are perfect for indoor or outdoor use.
The main advantages of decorative finishes include:
* Practical, durable, long service life. If the plaster is applied according to the instructions and technology, then the coating will last a long time. In addition to the excellent finish, you can get a reliable coating that does not crack, is resistant to mechanical damage, and does not crumble.
* Masking effect. Initially, artistic plaster was carried out in order to hide irregularities / defects on the walls and. Later, it took root so much that now it is rare to see walls painted in only one tone.
* Universal purpose. Decorative plaster is a material that can be applied to any surface. Therefore, it is perfect for work, both inside and outside.
* High degree of resistance to external negative factors. Such negatives as frost, moisture, strong noise are absolutely not terrible for the coating.
* Cleanliness from an environmental point of view. For the preparation of decorative plaster mixes, only natural ingredients are used. Therefore, the finish is non-toxic and does not absorb harmful atmospheric impurities.
The main shortcomings include only the high cost of the material, the cost of the work itself and the careful preparation of the future surface. In order to decorative plaster lay securely on wall/ceiling, the surface must be well prepared: remove old layers, degrease and coat.
An unusual interior can be created using decorative plaster for the ceiling.
Types of decorative plaster for walls
There are a great many technologies for applying decorative plaster, I would like to highlight the most popular among them:
* Textured plaster allows you to create the most incredible surfaces. A white substance (lime flour) is taken as the basis, then it is dyed and various components (fibers, crumbs, particles and impurities) are added. Polymer materials have proven themselves well. As a result, anything is obtained: imitation of a wooden or stone surface, crumpled paper, and so on.
* Venetian type plaster has a complex technique: multi-layer application, grouting, bas-relief. However, it is she who helps to create drawings, pictures, various imitations of stones on the surface. "Venetian" is very popular among designers, it helps to create originality and uniqueness.
The basis of the composition is marble powder, which becomes transparent when diluted, and inclusions convey the structure of the marble itself. It is applied on perfectly smooth surfaces, perfectly imitates the finish of marble stone. The composition dries quickly after application, has no foreign smell, does not pass water, has a high degree of wear.
* The plaster of the structural sample is very similar to the textured one. It has a heterogeneous structure, the surface is embossed, granular. The main material is quartz chips, it can be either small or larger (from 0.6 to 3 mm).
The main advantage of such a finish is its incredible plasticity, which makes it possible to give it different shapes. Such decorative wall plaster simply called " bark beetle».
A cement-lime substance is taken as the basis, water or organic matter acts as a solvent. Now the construction market offers ready-made mixtures in jars or buckets, you can paint it yourself in any color.
Plaster "bark beetle" is used for both exterior and interior decoration
* Mineral plaster is simply indispensable for finishing, and all because it has a reasonable price compared to the above. Cement acts as a base, and mineral powder serves as an additive.
It is sold in dry form, it can be diluted with an aqueous emulsion. After application, it becomes white, then it can be given any shade. The only drawback can be considered low elasticity, over time, the plaster can crack and crumble.
* Plaster such as acrylic is based on additives from high molecular weight polymers. The main advantage of finishing is high elasticity. However, it has a high degree of ignition, therefore it is not recommended to combine it with a heater.
* Finishing with the use of silicone impurities - an innovative solution in terms of coating. Silicone resins predominate in its composition. It has a number of advantages and is perfect for internal decorative wall plaster.
And not only, due to the fact that silicone has the property of self-cleaning, this finish is used for outdoor work. Among the shortcomings note the high price and special surface preparation before application.
* Silicate plaster is used for exterior finish only. It contains harmful impurities and glass. It has high strength and elasticity. Application work requires special skills.
Variants of decorative artistic plaster
Application process
The technology of applying decorative plaster, at first, will seem complicated. In fact, with the necessary tools and materials, even a beginner can handle the finishing. The mixture can be purchased both ready-made and dry.
Regarding the preparation of the walls, it is not necessary to smooth it perfectly; during operation, all defects and irregularities will be hidden. Decorative plaster is a flight of fancy and an opportunity to realize the most daring decisions.
First of all, it is necessary to prepare the surface: old layers are removed, cracks are closed, too coarse defects are removed. And that's it, the wall is already ready for finishing under a "fur coat" or "bark beetle". For other methods (Venetian, marble), more even walls will be required.
What tools are used to carry out DIY decorative plaster? Spatulas of different sizes, a wooden or plastic grater, a metal leveler, containers for mixing components and several rollers for texture.
Detailed instructions are provided for each material, it is not recommended to neglect it. For example, to finish a small area, you will need a small package and you do not need to purchase large containers of the mixture. Such work requires promptness, after dilution, the composition quickly hardens.
To apply the mixture, the most important tool is used - a spatula. When it thickens a little, you can add texture. They use a grater and the skill of their own hands, and even their own imagination.
Beginners usually depict reliefs in a horizontal direction. You can use a figured roller, it will facilitate the work and help create intricate patterns. The work must be carried out quickly, the solution dries instantly. Particular attention is paid to the joints in order to avoid sagging.
After half an hour, you can walk with a metal trowel to level. At the end of the day, all irregularities and defects will be removed with an emery cloth.
When the plaster has dried well, it can be painted. This will require wax, the selected paint pigment and warm water (a fourth of the amount of wax). The components are thoroughly mixed and applied with a roller or bath washcloth.
Rubbing the surface, achieve a uniform pattern. When 15 minutes have passed, a damp cloth is passed over the surface and the texture will immediately appear. Particularly good at wiping corners where wax and paint can remain. Then proceed to staining with acrylic paint using mother-of-pearl.
Using a textured roller, you can create patterns on decorative plaster
As for applying decorative plaster on, this will require some skill. The ceiling surface must be flat (plasterboard), then a plank is attached to determine the application of the maximum thickness. Otherwise, the application technique is the same as for walls.
Before buy decorative plaster for walls, its features should be listed:
* Thick-layer plaster is applied only by hand;
* Ready mixtures in containers do not need to be diluted;
* Water-based mixture is absolutely harmless, but susceptible to the environment;
* Marble plaster is applied with a spatula, by hand - a difficult and lengthy process;
* For a material that has a high degree of adhesion, it is necessary to ensure reliable adhesion to the surface.
Almost all types of decorative plaster can be painted
Care
Depending on the plaster finish, the care of the walls will be different. First of all, you need to know exactly what characteristics the coating has.
The textured surface quickly collects dust, wool and other foreign elements. You can fight them with a conventional vacuum cleaner during general cleaning. Dust likes to settle on smooth / glossy surfaces, it is removed with a damp cloth or a soft brush dipped in a mild soapy solution.
Modern coatings already contain wax, varnish or azure. They have an excellent ability to repel water or moisture (in the bathroom, swimming pool). It is contraindicated to strongly rub the plaster and use aggressive detergents.
If defects appear on the surface over time, they can be restored. It is better to entrust the work to a specialist and show the technical documentation about the materials used. If there is a desire to refresh a dull surface, then for this it is covered with an additional layer of varnish, mother-of-pearl or sparkles.
Price and reviews
Depending on the manufacturer, decorative plaster prices will be as follows:
* Plaster for walls of the “Venetian” style costs from 500 rubles and more per square meter;
* Textured plaster for walls costs from 400 rubles per square meter and more;
* Plaster for walls of a mineral sample costs from 200 rubles and more per square meter;
George. I tried to make marbled walls myself. Immediately, of course, I doubted very much whether it would work. But I read a lot of literature and watched a lot of video tutorials.
Now the hall in my house is a pride, I myself did not expect that the decoration would take on beautiful forms. Honestly, I was in no hurry, I did the work in stages. If you strictly follow the instructions, then even a beginner can do the job.
Vadim. We organized our own team, we are engaged in construction work. To be honest, decorative plaster is in trend. It is so popular that we have thematic works ordered a year in advance. The most popular finish under and under wet silk.