What is federal education law. The system of preschool education in the new Law "On education

Mastering educational programs of preschool education is not accompanied by intermediate certification and final certification of pupils. The standard should normatively provide state guarantees of equality of opportunities for every child in obtaining preschool education.

The new law "On Education" spelled out state guarantees for "compulsory preschool education." Clause 3. Article 5 of Chapter 1 interprets: "In the Russian Federation, accessibility and free of charge are guaranteed in accordance with federal state educational standards of preschool, primary general, basic general and secondary general education ...", etc.

This is not an obligation for all children to go to a d / s, but a guarantee of the state that it undertakes obligations and officially fixes this in the law - to provide everyone with a full-fledged preschool education. " , family group, non-governmental institution or will

educate yourself. Preschool education can be carried out both in a preschool institution and in the form of family education. In accordance with paragraph 3 of Article 64 of Chapter 1, “parents (legal representatives) of minor students, who ensure that children receive preschool education in the form of family education, have the right to receive methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance free of charge, including in preschool educational organizations and general educational organizations, if they have established appropriate consulting centers. The provision of such types of assistance is ensured by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. "

Preschool education is free, and childcare and supervision is paid. The amount will depend on the founder of the kindergarten. At the same time, the founder has the right not to charge or reduce fees for certain categories of parents. There is no parental fee for looking after and caring for disabled children, orphans and children left without parental care, as well as for children with tuberculosis intoxication studying in state and municipal educational institutions. At the same time, the norms of compensation for part of the parental pay remain: at least 20% of the average parental pay - for the first child, at least 50% - for the second child, at least 70% of the amount of such payment for the third child and subsequent children.

The entry into force of the new Law caused the emergence of another normative document: in accordance with part 2 of Article 13, the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation published the "Procedure for the organization and implementation of educational activities in general educational programs of preschool education." This normative act establishes the rules for the organization and implementation of educational activities both for preschool organizations and for other organizations implementing preschool education programs or providing childcare and supervision.

So, dear colleagues, we are entering a new academic year with a new Law. I congratulate you on the beginning of the school year and wish you creative, fruitful success in the implementation of the Law for the benefit of the younger generation!

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Parents' meeting "New Law" On Education ". Changes in the legislative framework of a preschool institution "

Parents' meeting New law on education. Changes to the legislative base of a preschool institution

From January 1, 2014, clauses 3 and 6 of part 1 of article 8, as well as clause 1 of part 1 of article 9 come into force.

Education levels

preschool education

primary general education

basic general education

secondary general education

For the first time, preschool education was recognized as an independent level of general education, and this means that it must now work in accordance with the standard. (Article 10, Part 4).

Federal state educational standards are approved for all levels of general education (Article 5, Part 3, including for preschool.

Education

Education and training in the interests of the individual, society and the state

(LAW "ON EDUCATION", 1992, 1996)

A single purposeful process of upbringing and education, which is a socially significant benefit and is carried out in the interests of a person, family, society and the state, as well as a set of acquired knowledge, abilities and skills, value attitudes, experience and competence of a certain volume and complexity for the purpose of intellectual, spiritual - moral, creative, physical and professional development of a person, satisfaction of his educational needs and interests.

(NEW LAW "ON EDUCATION", 2013, CH. 1, ART. 2)

1. In the Russian Federation, the right of every person to education is guaranteed.

2. The right to education in the Russian Federation is guaranteed REGARDLESS of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, property, social origin, place of residence, attitude to religion, beliefs, membership in public associations (Chapter 1, Article 5, Clause 1, 2)

Preschool education can be carried out both in a preschool institution and in the form of family education.

In accordance with paragraph 3 of Article 64 of Chapter 7, “parents (legal representatives) of minor students who ensure that children receive preschool education in the form of family education have the right to receive methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance without charging a fee, including in preschool educational organizations and general educational organizations, if appropriate consulting centers have been created there. The provision of such types of assistance is ensured by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. "

According to the new Law "On Education", EC is separated from the supervision and care of children. Supervision and care of children can be carried out not only by educational organizations, but also by other organizations carrying out educational activities. Supervising and caring for children is a set of measures for organizing meals and household services for children, ensuring that they comply with personal hygiene and daily routine. Preschool education is free, and childcare and supervision is paid. The amount will depend on the founder of the kindergarten. At the same time, the founder has the right not to charge or reduce fees for certain categories of parents. There is no parental fee for looking after and caring for disabled children, orphans and children left without parental care, as well as for children with tuberculosis intoxication studying in state and municipal educational organizations. At the same time, the norms of compensation for part of the parental pay remain: at least 20% of the average size of the parental pay - for the first child, at least 50% - for the second child, at least 70% of the amount of such payment for the third child and subsequent children

Federal State Educational Standard

On August 28, 2013, the Council of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on federal state standards approved the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education (FSES DO).

Why do you need a standard

This is a requirement of the Law on Education in the Russian Federation, which entered into force on September 1, 2013. For the first time, preschool education was recognized as an independent level of general education, and this means that it must now work in accordance with the standard. FGT made requirements for the structure and conditions for the implementation of the main educational program, FGOS DO also impose requirements on the results of mastering the main educational program, and this is a fundamental innovation. One of the requirements of the standard is to move away from the academic system. The child must master the ability to live in peace with himself, get in the game the skills of individual work and group interaction, learn to learn. It is at the preschool age that the basic qualities of the personality, key social skills - multiculturalism, respect for other people, adherence to democratic values, a healthy and safe lifestyle are formed. Therefore, one of the most important tasks of preschool education is to lay the foundation for the formation of a child's self-identification in the world around him: with his family, region, country.

The standard has the following objectives

ensuring by the state of equality of opportunities for every child to receive quality preschool education;

Provision of state guarantees of the level and quality of education based on the unity of mandatory requirements for the conditions for the implementation of basic educational programs, their structure and the results of their development;

Maintaining the unity of the educational space of the Russian Federation in relation to the level of preschool education.

On the basis of the standards, the main educational program of preschool education of the OOP of preschool education is being developed, which will determine the complex of the main characteristics of preschool education (volume, content and planned results in the form of targets (and not ZUN or integrative qualities) of preschool education, organizational and pedagogical conditions of the pedagogical process. organization independently (Article 12.6 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation").

Family and preschool interaction

Parents have primary responsibility for the upbringing and development of the child, whose best interests should be the primary concern of the parents.

Convention on the Rights of the Child (article 18)

“Parents (legal representatives) of minor students (pupils) have a priority right to the education and upbringing of children over all other persons. They are obliged to lay the foundations for the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child's personality.

(article 44, part 1)

"Bodies of state power and local self-government, educational organizations provide assistance to parents (legal education of children, protection and strengthening of their physical and mental health, development of individual abilities and the necessary correction of violations of their development."

(article 44, part 2)

For failure to comply or improper fulfillment of responsibilities for the upbringing of children, parents can be brought to various types of legal liability:

Administrative (Article 5.35 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation ("Failure by parents or other legal representatives of minors to fulfill their responsibilities for the maintenance and upbringing of minors");

Civil law (Articles 1073 - 1075 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation);

Family and legal (Article 69 "Deprivation of parental rights", Article 73 "Restriction of parental rights" of the Family Code of the Russian Federation);

Criminal (Article 156 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Failure to fulfill obligations for the upbringing of a minor")

For non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of the duties established by this Federal Law and other Federal Laws, the parents (legal representatives) of underage students are liable under the legislation of the Russian Federation. (Law "On Education", Chapter 4, Art. 44)

Family is happiness, love and luck.

Family is a summer trip to the country.

Family is a holiday, family dates,

Gifts, purchases, pleasant spending.

The birth of children, the first step, the first babble,

Dreams of good, excitement and awe,

Family is work, caring for each other,

Family is a lot of homework

Family is important!

Family is difficult!

And it's impossible to live happily alone!

for your attention!

Attached files:

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August conference

"Changes in the activities of a preschool educational organization within the framework of the new law" On Education of the Russian Federation "

Ivanova O. G., Head of MADOU No. 2

Hello, dear colleagues, today in connection with the adoption of the new law on the education of the Russian Federation "we are faced with a difficult task, to determine the prospects for the development of a preschool educational institution.

The law is a normative act that establishes the legal basis for the functioning of the education system and, with the exception of certain provisions, comes into force on September 1, 2013.

Federal law enshrines a new classification of educational institutions, and by January 1, 2016, preschool institutions should be renamed into preschool organizations, the main purpose of which is the implementation of educational programs for preschool education, childcare and supervision.

The most significant change in preschool education is that it becomes the first stage of general education. Accordingly, there will be changed requirements for it, biting the quality and accessibility of preschool education, which are reflected in the federal state educational standards and are not accompanied by intermediate and final certification of students.

Understanding the importance of the work ahead and the tight deadlines in which changes need to be made, our teaching staff has already developed the basic general educational program of preschool education, which is based on the approximate basic educational program "From birth to school" edited by N. Ye. Veraks, T. Komarova. S. and Vasilyeva M.A.

For the new academic year, we set ourselves the task of modernizing the existing program, taking into account federal state educational standards and in accordance with the list of approximate basic educational programs included in the unified register of the state information system.

According to article 91 of the new law on education, all educational organizations carry out their activities on the basis of a license. Today, we, like all preschool organizations in the city, have a license for educational and medico-pharmaceutical activities, but in order to comply with the law on education, it is necessary to reissue these licenses by January 1, 2016 and introduce a new name of the organizations.

Article 20 clearly spelled out the forms, procedures and conditions for innovative and experimental detail in the field of education. On the basis of our kindergarten, two experimental sites have been created:

1. Regional platform on the topic "Formation of physical culture and healthy lifestyle among pupils in the context of network interaction of preschool educational institutions"

2. city platform on the topic "Children's journalism as a means of increasing the cognitive and speech development of preschoolers"

According to article 54 of the new law on education, organizations have the right to provide paid additional services. Our kindergarten has experience in this area. All services are included in the charter of the institution, prices are set for them by a resolution of the city administration and services are provided on the basis of agreements with the parents (legal representatives) of the pupils.

Another way for us to attract extra-budgetary funds is to participate in grants, projects and competitions. During the year, our teaching staff participated in

regional competition of health-preserving programs and methodological developments "School of Health"
in the all-Russian competition "Days of Protection from Environmental Hazard"
in the regional competition "New Wave" and many others
the kindergarten entered the social program of the New Eurasia Foundation and the SUEK-Regions Foundation.

Winning these competitions will help improve the quality of the educational process by introducing new methods and technologies.

The new law on education pays great attention to the rights and obligations of teaching staff. The responsibility of teachers for the end result of the educational process is increasing; to solve this problem, they will have to work more actively with parents to solve the problem of attendance at kindergarten, since this problem is relevant for most preschool organizations.

According to article 99, the salary of teachers must correspond to the average salary in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Since January 2013, the teachers' salaries have been increased, which currently amounts to 21,701 rubles, and we can say that this article of the law is being fully implemented.

The upbringing and educational process in a preschool organization is carried out on the basis of Federal legislation, however, the procedure and content of these local acts were not regulated. In accordance with Articles 26 and 30 of the new law on education, clear requirements will be established for the content and procedure for adopting local acts of an educational organization. What will entail the need for their changes.

Much attention is paid to the bodies of public control, which are actively involved in the management of the organization. In our kindergarten, it is a supervisory board, the activities of which are regulated by the charter and regulations.

The supervisory board includes representatives of the teaching staff, the public, the education department and parents. Meetings are held on a quarterly basis, where a report on the activities of the institution is submitted, prices for paid services are approved, and issues of financing and financial and economic activities are resolved. The competence of the supervisory board also includes the assessment of the quality of the work of the teaching staff.

According to Article 29 of the Law "On Education", we post all information about our activities on the website, where more than 80 steels and documents were published during this academic year in accordance with the Rules for posting information on the official website of an educational organization on the Internet.

For preschool educational organizations, the funding system will change significantly. Now the funding is clearly delineated in the areas: educational activities and supervision and care. Preschool education is funded by analogy with school education - by local governments and state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The parents pay for the supervision and care.

Today, parents pay only the cost of food for their children, at the same time, according to Article 65, they receive compensation for part of the parental fees, depending on the number of children in the family, and from January 1, 2014, the parental payment will include the costs of maintaining children in a preschool organization.

According to article 8 of the law on education, large financial support is provided to private preschool educational organizations with the allocation of subsidies for reimbursement of costs, including costs of wages, the purchase of benefits, etc. In this regard, it is necessary to intensify work to expand the list of alternative forms of preschool education.

Dear Colleagues! The legislator has clearly established the deadlines for the implementation of the provisions of the new federal law, which is for us an action plan to comply with legislation in the field of education, we have to:

1. Make changes to the name and Charters of educational organizations no later than January 1, 2016.

2. Make the appropriate changes to the licenses for educational and medico-pharmaceutical activities by January 1, 2016.

Despite the fact that the organizational measures in connection with the adoption of the new law on education in the Russian Federation "are minimized as much as possible, it is necessary to start work on amendments in accordance with the legislation today.

In conclusion, I would like to congratulate everyone on the new academic year, I wish all of us smart children, understanding parents and creative teachers.

Thank you for your attention.

Material nsportal.ru

Article 23 Law on Education in the Russian Federation (New!). Types of educational organizations

Article 23. Types of educational organizations

1. Educational organizations are divided into types in accordance with educational programs, the implementation of which is the main goal of their activities.

2. In the Russian Federation, the following types of educational organizations are established that implement basic educational programs:

1) preschool educational organization - an educational organization that, as the main goal of its activities, carries out educational activities on educational programs of preschool education, childcare and supervision;

2) general educational organization - an educational organization that carries out educational activities as the main goal of its activities in educational programs of primary general, basic general and (or) secondary general education;

3) professional educational organization - an educational organization that carries out, as the main goal of its activities, educational activities in educational programs of secondary vocational education and (or) in vocational training programs;

4) educational organization of higher education - an educational organization that carries out educational activities on educational programs of higher education and scientific activities as the main goal of its activities.

3. In the Russian Federation, the following types of educational organizations are established that implement additional educational programs:

1) organization of additional education - an educational organization that carries out educational activities for additional general educational programs as the main goal of its activities;

2) organization of additional professional education - an educational organization that carries out educational activities for additional professional programs as the main goal of its activities.

4. The educational organizations specified in parts 2 and 3 of this article have the right to carry out educational activities in the following educational programs, the implementation of which is not the main purpose of their activities:

1) preschool educational organizations - additional general developmental programs;

2) educational organizations - educational programs of preschool education, additional general educational programs, vocational training programs;

3) professional educational organizations - basic general education programs, additional general education programs, additional professional programs;

4) educational institutions of higher education - basic general education programs, educational programs of secondary vocational education, vocational training programs, additional general education programs, additional professional programs;

5) organization of additional education - educational programs of preschool education, vocational training programs;

6) organization of additional vocational education - training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel, residency programs, additional general education programs, vocational training programs.

5. The name of the educational organization must contain an indication of its organizational and legal form and the type of educational organization.

6. In the name of the educational organization, names may be used that indicate the features of the educational activities carried out (the level and focus of educational programs, the integration of various types of educational programs, the content of the educational program, special conditions for their implementation and (or) special educational needs of students), as well as additionally performed functions related to the provision of education (maintenance, treatment, rehabilitation, correction, psychological and pedagogical support, boarding school, research, technological activities and other functions).

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On changes in the new law on education

The Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” united two existing laws “On Education” and “On Higher and Postgraduate Education”, as well as a number of existing regulatory legal acts in the field of education. New in this law affected all levels. In the conceptual apparatus

A number of new concepts have been introduced: an educational organization, an organization that provides training, organizations that carry out educational activities; relations in the field of education, participants in educational relations, participants in relations in the field of education; conflict of interests of the teacher; and others.

In preschool education

Preschool education becomes an independent level of education and is regulated by federal state educational standards. It is separated from the "care and maintenance" of children, i.e. it will be free to teach a child in kindergarten, and you will have to pay for supervision and care. The fee is determined by the founder.

Low-income parents, by the decision of the founder, can pay less or not pay at all. Disabled children, orphans and patients with tuberculosis are exempted from payment.

In the field of general secondary education

The powers of regional bodies of state power and local self-government bodies are being redistributed to ensure the rights of citizens to receive public and free preschool education. The closure of a village school can only happen with the approval of the village gathering.

The names of the types and types of educational organizations are changing. There is no question of gymnasiums and lyceums in the law. The specialization of an educational institution can be indicated in its name.

Those who live in the territory to which the school is attached receive the right of preferential registration in the first ticket offices.

In schools with in-depth study of any subjects, admission will be made individually in middle and high school.

The specifics of obtaining education by foreigners and stateless persons and convicts have been determined.

The child's right to high-quality inclusive education according to adapted programs is separately spelled out. Schools that will introduce inclusive programs are obliged to create conditions for children with disabilities to receive quality education without discrimination.

The concept of "safety of the school environment" has been introduced, which simplifies the presentation of claims against the school due to an accident with a student.

More details are given about disciplinary measures. Students will be subject to stricter discipline and academic requirements, up to and including dropping out of school, incl. and in case of failure of the student to fulfill his obligations for the conscientious development of the educational program and the implementation of the curriculum.

The concepts of network and e-learning are given, which can be used at all levels of education.

The USE results will be valid for 4 years.

The law enshrines the principle of the secular nature of education in public schools and the teaching practice of ORCE. Religious organizations received the right to check the curriculum for compliance with the doctrine, as well as recommend their teachers for work in schools.

Separate articles are devoted to the status of teacher and leader. Also, the rights, duties and responsibilities of teachers are regulated in more detail.

As for teachers' salaries, according to the law, they cannot be lower than the average salary in the respective region. The teacher must undergo a retraining course every 3 years, and not every 5 years.

In secondary vocational education

Vocational schools offering initial vocational education programs will be closed.

Educational institutions received the right to introduce integrated educational programs and provide both school and vocational education at the same time.

It is allowed to select students for creative educational institutions according to their abilities immediately after they graduate from elementary school, and upon graduation, give them not only a certificate, but also a diploma of secondary vocational education.

In the field of higher education

According to the new law on the education of state-funded students, there should be at least 800 for every 10 thousand people aged 17 to 30.

Reduced benefits for admission to a university, and instead, certain categories of beneficiaries are given the opportunity to study free of charge at preparatory courses. Children with disabilities who have not been included in the quota, as well as orphans, people with disabilities of I and II groups, young people under 20 years old with a single disabled parent of I group, Chernobyl victims, children of military personnel are entitled to free training in preparatory courses (only once) , employees of internal affairs bodies and other law enforcement agencies.

It will be possible to enter a university only based on the results of the Unified State Exam, with the exception of Moscow State University, St. Petersburg State University (as well as several other federal universities), where additional exams will have to be taken.

Winners and prize-winners of the Olympiads have the right to enter the university without entrance examinations. For admission "to the budget" out of competition for children with disabilities, a quota of -10% of the total number of budget places in a specific direction (specialization) is established, provided that they successfully pass the entrance tests.

Beneficiaries are also provided with priority housing in a student hostel, and they are exempt from living costs. For the rest of the students, the educational organization itself decides on the establishment of fees. All other conditions being equal, the priority right to admission to military higher educational institutions is given to "children of citizens doing military service under a contract and having a total duration of military service of twenty years or more."

The law obliges all universities to participate in the monitoring of the Ministry of Education and Science.

A new law on education in Russia comes into force on September 1, 2013 Consultant Plus

Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation"

The law determines the levels of general education (preschool education, primary general education, basic general education, secondary general education) and the levels of vocational education (secondary vocational education, higher education - bachelor's degree; higher education - specialty, master's degree; higher education - training of highly qualified personnel) ... Another level of higher education is being introduced - training of highly qualified personnel, which includes training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel, residency programs, and internship programs.

Along with the main educational programs in the field of education, there are also additional educational programs of various orientations and degrees of complexity, formed taking into account age characteristics, interests, abilities, educational level and professional qualifications of students.

The law expanded the range of subjects entitled to conduct educational activities, including the legal possibilities for access of "non-educational" organizations to educational activities. In addition, the law contains a separate article dedicated to the regulation of the legal status of individual entrepreneurs conducting educational activities.

The law now also regulates the provision of scholarships to students of educational institutions of vocational education.

The Law contains separate provisions on:

Credit-modular system of organization of the educational process and the system of credits;

Network interaction in the implementation of educational programs, including a mechanism for offsetting the results of mastering certain parts of the educational program in third-party organizations;

The use of distance learning technologies in the educational process;

Training in integrated educational programs;

Educational and information resources in the educational process, etc.

The conditions for conducting experimental and innovative activities in the field of education are regulated. In addition, the models of economic activity in the field of education have been updated.

From the date of entry into force of the new Law, the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" and the Federal Law "On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education" are recognized as invalid. For certain provisions of the new Law, other terms of their entry into force have been established.

Simultaneously with the entry into force of the new Law, a number of by-laws, adopted in accordance with it, come into force. Among them, in particular:

Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 15, 2013 N 706 "On approval of the Rules for the provision of paid educational services";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 24.04.2013 N 370 "On approval of the Rules for payment for the services of experts and expert organizations and reimbursement of expenses incurred by them in connection with the accreditation examination";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 24, 2013 N 438 "On the state information system" Register of organizations carrying out educational activities in accordance with state accredited educational programs ";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 10, 2013 N 582 "On approval of the Rules for posting on the official website of an educational organization in the information and telecommunication network" Internet "and updating information about an educational organization";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 20, 2013 N 611 "On approval of the Rules for confirming documents on education and (or) on qualifications";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 25, 2013 N 627 "On approval of requirements for the implementation of state control (supervision) in the field of education over the activities of educational organizations implementing educational programs containing information constituting a state secret";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 08.08.2013 N 678 "On approval of the nomenclature of positions of teaching staff of organizations carrying out educational activities, positions of heads of educational organizations";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 03/06/2013 N 160 "On approval of the Procedure for the creation in educational organizations implementing educational programs of higher education, scientific organizations and other organizations carrying out scientific (research) activities, laboratories carrying out scientific (research) and ( or) scientific and technical activities ";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 03/15/2013 N 185 "On approval of the Procedure for applying disciplinary measures to students and removing disciplinary measures from students";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of 18.04.2013 N 292 "On approval of the Procedure for organizing and implementing educational activities for basic vocational training programs";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 06.06.2013 N 443 "On Approval of the Procedure and Cases of the Transfer of Persons Studying in Educational Programs of Secondary Professional and Higher Education from Paid Education to Free";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 13.06.2013 N 455 "On approval of the Procedure and grounds for granting academic leave to students";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of June 14, 2013 N 462 "On approval of the Procedure for conducting self-examination by an educational organization";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of June 14, 2013 N 464 "On approval of the Procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities in educational programs of secondary vocational education", etc.

Date of publication on the site: 04.01.2013

Law on Education: Specifics of Regulation of Preschool Education | Articles | Preschool director's guide

At the end of 2012, a new Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" was adopted, which comes into force in September 2013. How does it differ from the current normative act? What's new in the regulation of preschool education?

The new law on education is very different from the old one. The provisions of the RF Law "On Education" dealt mainly with managerial and financial and economic relations in the field of education. The Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" regulates not only these relations, but also the content of education (including setting requirements for educational programs and standards), and also regulates in more detail the rights and responsibilities of participants in the educational process.

In accordance with the new law, education in the Russian Federation is subdivided into general education, vocational education, additional education and vocational training. At the same time, general education and vocational education are implemented at several levels. In particular, general education includes:

preschool education;
basic general education;
secondary general education.

Thus, preschool education is now one of the levels of general education. The development of educational programs for preschool education is regulated by federal state educational standards, but is not accompanied by intermediate attestations and final attestation of students.

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Source www.resobr.ru

Education is one of the main and most problematic areas of public administration. This is especially true for the preschool sphere. The norm governing such activities in the Russian Federation is the Federal Law "On Education" 273 dated December 29, 2012. In recent years, the law on preschool education has undergone many changes, including amendments to the regulation of the preschool system.

General Provisions

Article 64 of the Federal Law "On Education" states that preschool education should be aimed at creating conditions for the development of the cultural, physical, intellectual, moral, aesthetic and personal potential of any child, as well as strengthening and maintaining his health. The programs provided for by the law imply taking into account the individual and age characteristics of children, the use of methods and forms characteristic of preschool children.

For this form of training, no intermediate and final methods of monitoring progress and certification are provided. Legal representatives (parents) have the right to implement the so-called form of family education for their child. Such an organization, subject to all the requirements established by the law on preschool education, has the right to free state support in the form of methodological, psychological, pedagogical, and advisory resources.

Fundamentals points in legislation

After the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” was adopted, preschool education became an independent level of the general system. This fact had a decisive influence on the concept and seriously influenced the organization of preschool education.

The innovations are designed to provide greater accessibility to the provision of the necessary services. Knowledge of the main features of the regulatory document that have come into force will allow many parents to orient themselves correctly, relying on the current law on preschool education.

Changes in the Federal Law raise important issues:

peculiarities of admitting children to kindergartens;
the procedure for the provision of educational services;
privileges;
working hours of preschool institutions;
educational programs.

Kindergarten as the first step

Before the majority of parents (even those who have recently had a child or are still quite a baby in their arms) sooner or later the question of a kindergarten arises. Preschool education, being the first stage of the general educational system, today does not have sufficient resources to provide all young citizens of the Russian Federation with a place in a preschool institution.

The availability of preschool education for many families remains the main unresolved problem. The adopted federal law on preschool education to a certain extent regulates these issues and is intended to reduce the percentage of children who do not attend kindergarten. Good or bad - everyone decides for himself.

According to the new law on preschool education, every child, regardless of place of residence or registration in the Russian Federation, has the right to receive free preschool education. Currently, parents can place their toddler in a nursery group starting at 2 months old. The issue is being solved with nursery groups from 1.5 years on a paid basis. A child must be taken to kindergarten upon reaching the age of three. No educational institution has the right to deny acceptance to parents (legal representatives), subject to the availability of vacancies.

Amendments

Amendments to the federal law on preschool education (amended in 2017) imply the regulation of a number of points in the preschool education system:

A gradual decrease (more than 1.5 times) in the number of groups of permanent stay in a child care institution.
Granting the right to the child to receive free education if the parents have chosen a group operating only on an educational basis.
The emergence of specialized counseling centers, where parents and children are provided with psychological, pedagogical and advisory support.
Preschool institutions are given the right (not the obligation) to care for and look after the child within the walls of the institution, as well as to implement the educational function.
Compensation payments for payment are envisaged.
In the absence of places for a preschool institution, the right is reserved to refuse to accept a child from one and a half to three years and older.
Legal representatives (parents) of a minor receive the right to send an application for a place in another kindergarten, where there are opportunities for that.

Rules for registering a child in a preschool institution

First of all, it is necessary to send an application at the place of residence to a special department for recruiting preschool institutions. This form indicates the most suitable educational institution for the child. After that, the representatives of the commission make an application to the database, and the minor is placed in the queue for a place in the specified garden. It should be borne in mind that the official administrative portal often indicates specific deadlines and a form for submitting an application.

Opportunities for electronic application to kindergarten

For the convenience of citizens, when working with government agencies, there is a so-called electronic queue. This type of service can be used by the child's legal representative. The deadlines for submission are also strictly spelled out on the portal.

For the implementation of an electronic application, all the necessary documents are required in electronic form. The rules and features of online registration are posted on the official pages of the Department of Education in special sections. Also, here you can not only make an appointment, but also check your turn.

Conditions for preschool education

Changes in the latest version of the law on preschool education concern the provision of places in preschool institutions without waiting in line for certain categories of persons.

orphans, children left without parental care, guardians, adopted children;
minors whose parents are injured during the liquidation of the Chernobyl accident;
children with orphans (or those left without care), whose age ranges from 18-23 years;
children of representatives of the prosecutor's office, investigative committee, law enforcement agencies;
minors with disabled parents, single mothers, from large families;
children of specialists working in preschool institutions, as well as those who have a brother, sister in this institution;
minors whose parents are serving in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Procedure in the absence of space in the garden

The latest version of the Law on Preschool Education of the Russian Federation contains amendments that give parents the right to write an additional application for transferring a child to another institution.

In the event that parents are denied admission without the existing regulatory grounds specified in the Federal Law, they have the right to file a complaint with the city administration. The received appeal must be considered without fail, and a decision must be made within the time limits established by the legislation.

In case of refusal to accept the application or when a decision is made not in favor of the child, the parents have the right to go to the prosecutor's office or to other higher authorities in order to resolve such a situation.

State compensation for the payment of a preschool institution

According to the amendments to Art. 65, in paragraph 5, preschool education is divided into:

education implemented within the framework of the Federal State Educational Standard, provided free of charge;
services for the care and supervision of babies that parents have to pay.

By law, parents have the right to receive financial support from the state or compensation for payment of these services when registering a child in a kindergarten. The amount of payments is regulated by legislative acts and the decision of the Government of the Russian Federation.

For the first child, compensation cannot exceed 20%, 50% for the second, 70% for the third and subsequent. The fixed fee is regulated depending on market conditions for a specific period.

Persons eligible for state support are strictly defined by the framework of the current legislation. These include:

parents of a minor (mother, father);
relatives, in whose name the power of attorney is issued by the parents;
legal representatives of the child;
specialists of the guardianship and guardianship authorities assigned to the pupils.

Exemption of Parents from Payment

On the basis of amendments to article 65, paragraph 3 of the law on preschool education of the Russian Federation regulates benefits or complete exemption from contributions for preschool education for a certain category of pupils. Which ones will be discussed with an example below.

So, according to the laws of the Russian Federation on preschool education, fees in state institutions that implement preschool educational standards should not be charged for the supervision and care of pupils.

This measure applies to parents of disabled children, children with tuberculosis intoxication, minors left without parental care, orphans.

This decision is aimed at ensuring the rights and implementation of support for vulnerable and socially unprotected segments of the population, the solution of whose problems is given a special place at the state level.

Opportunities for the development of commercial gardens

Changes in the law on preschool education directly affect the formation of the system of private educational practice. These opportunities are guaranteed in the law by lifting certain restrictive measures governing the right to provide services in the field of education.

An increase in the number of non-state institutions that are not under state protection will, to some extent, reduce the order of priority in state institutions.

Ensuring high-quality provision of educational services in accordance with the requirements and norms of the law on the education of preschool institutions, both on the part of municipal institutions and on the part of private kindergartens, will ensure that the needs of preschool children are met.

The implementation of these tasks will allow many parents to timely engage in social processes in society, go to their previous place of work or gain new knowledge, retrain for a more demanded specialty.

Financial security amendments

Financial issues related to the costs of basic preschool educational programs from 01/01/2014 moved to the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (as a school education system).

Based on Art. 65, clause 4 of the Federal Law, for municipal government institutions there are a number of rules regarding financial security:

It is prohibited to include in the parental contribution the expenses for the basic educational program or for the maintenance and property needs of the institution.
Payment for the provision of services aimed at babysitting and caring for children should not exceed the maximum value established in the framework of the regulatory acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and depends on the quality and characteristics of the service provided.

Commercial kindergartens that carry out basic preschool educational programs under the Federal State Educational Standard are given the right to receive funding for their activities from the budget in the form of subsidies.

New edition of the law

During the period from 2012 to 2018, the main educational document underwent many transformations and, under the influence of critics, was reformed more than once. These circumstances indicate how acute the problems of education are facing the state, including in the preschool sphere.

The latest version of the law on preschool education of 14.08.2018, as succinctly and clearly as possible, formulates the solution to many previously uncovered issues. At the same time, guarantees are provided by the state for the effective change of the education system as a whole.

In the updated version of the Federal Law "On Education" dated 01.01.2019, which has not yet entered into force, there are no changes concerning the basic laws of preschool education.

In 2018, changes were made to improve the quality of education and the level of comfort of pupils. The adoption of this bill is aimed at providing citizens with a sufficient number of places in kindergartens. This issue is quite acute today, since due to the impossibility of identifying a son or daughter in a preschool institution, thousands of Russian women cannot start working and raise the material level of their family.

Preschool Education Act 2018

The adoption of the law presupposes the introduction of a number of amendments to the previously existing draft law. The latest changes will help make preschool education more accessible and convenient for both children and their parents.

The law provides for the solution of the main issues related to:

sending children to preschool institutions,
the right to receive certain services,
actions in the absence of places in the selected garden.

SAVE THIS TO YOURSELF SO YOU DO NOT LOSE:

The magazines "Handbook of the head of a preschool institution" and "Handbook of a senior teacher of a preschool institution" published important materials for heads of preschool educational institutions:

1. What should be the kindergarten development program? 2. Social partners: who is useful to the preschool educational institution and how

Knowledge of all the intricacies of the new bill will help parents quickly navigate a disputable situation and know the procedure for their successful resolution. The innovations also affected the order, the age of registration of babies in kindergarten and the possibilities of obtaining a place in an institution on a preferential basis. Educators will also be able to learn about their rights to provide a certain range of educational and educational services. The bill is aimed at correcting shortcomings in the preschool education system with the aim of generally improving the functioning of this area.

Preschool Education Act

This bill regulates all the subtleties of the work of kindergartens - from the recruitment of groups to the features of educational programs. The law grants the right to receive free preschool education to absolutely all children, regardless of their place of residence and registration in the country.

Previously, only 40 percent of preschoolers received places in kindergartens. Today, it happens that the heads of preschool institutions refuse to take the baby to the kindergarten. Adoption preschool education law regulates this issue. Until recently, it was easier to arrange a place in the garden from the age of three. At the same time, it is extremely difficult to decide on a nursery. Gradually, this situation will be solved by the introduction of new places for children from one and a half years old on a paid basis.

Since 2018, all children from the age of three to seven must be admitted to kindergarten, if there are unoccupied places in the preschool.

Features that are taken into account by the law on the education of a preschool institution

In 2018, amendments were made to the bill, which provide for the regulation of the following issues.

The total number of groups of permanent maintenance in the gardens will be reduced by 1.5 times.
Parents will have the opportunity to send their children to, which operate exclusively on the basis of educational, absolutely free.
Special counseling centers will start operating. In them, families who need support will be able to receive psychological, pedagogical and counseling assistance.
Kindergartens acquire the right (and not exclusively the obligation) to provide care, supervision of children in the institution and their upbringing.
The law provides for compensation for payment in the amount of 20 percent for the first child, 50 for the second, 70 for the third and all the following. Mandatory payment for services is regulated depending on the pricing in the market in full.
Kindergartens receive the right to refuse to provide places for babies aged one and a half, two, three years and older if they are absent.
Parents of pupils have the right to take the queue to receive a free place in another preschool institution.

Preschool Education Act provides in the future the possibility of obtaining the right for families of children to invite educators to the house for one and a half year old pupils. It is planned to create preschool groups at schools, as well as to increase the number of private kindergartens.

New career opportunities

Try it for free! Training program: Management, economics and quality management in preschool educational institutions. For passing - a diploma of professional retraining. Training materials are presented in the format of visual abstracts with expert video lectures, accompanied by the necessary templates and examples.

Who will receive preschool education

Innovations in the legislation provide for the design of a place in the garden without the need to stand in line for the following persons.

Orphans, adopted children, as well as those who are under guardianship or left without parental care.
Pupils whose families suffered from the Chernobyl disaster.
Children whose parents are orphans or are without parental care at the age of 18-23.
Pupils whose parents are employees of the prosecutor's office, the Investigative Committee or the police.
Disabled parents, single mothers, large families, children of kindergarten workers, children with a brother or sister studying in this institution can also get registration without waiting in line.
Children whose parents serve in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

When exactly will children be able to register in the garden?

Provides for the provision of the right to children from three to seven years old to study in preschool institutions on a free basis. The opportunity to enter the kindergarten directly depends on the availability of free places in the chosen institution. The workload and admission of children to groups is carried out taking into account the internal regulations of a particular children's organization.

Actions in case of a lack of space for children in a preschool educational institution

Preschool Education Act 2018 gives the child's family to write a special application for the purpose of registering the child in another kindergarten. If a parent is denied admission to their children, they can file a complaint with the city education department. This application must be considered and an appropriate decision made.

If in this department, too, parents receive a refusal to enroll a child in a preschool institution, you can go to the prosecutor's office or write a letter to the President to receive assistance in resolving the disputed situation.

The innovations, which provide for amendments in the legislation, guarantee significant changes in the field of preschool education.
By reducing the number of children in groups, it becomes possible to provide an individual approach to each child, and the burden on educators is reduced.
Certain categories of citizens will be able to send their children to kindergarten without having to stand in line to get a place.
Preschool Education Act regulates the age of admission to kindergarten, as well as the need for reform in the nursery.

Changes in legislation guarantee an increase in commercial kindergartens, in which there will certainly be enough places for all pupils. Parents do not have to wait in line for years to go to work and provide quality care for their baby.

Compliance with the rules and regulations that are provided for by current legislation is guaranteed both in public and private kindergartens. The bill regulates the basic norms of preschool education, which must be adhered to by all institutions.

www.maam.ru

Parents' meeting "New Law" On Education ". Changes in the legislative framework of a preschool institution "

Parents' meeting New law on education. Changes to the legislative base of a preschool institution

From January 1, 2014, clauses 3 and 6 of part 1 of article 8, as well as clause 1 of part 1 of article 9 come into force.

Education levels

preschool education

primary general education

basic general education

secondary general education

For the first time, preschool education was recognized as an independent level of general education, and this means that it must now work in accordance with the standard. (Article 10, Part 4).

Federal state educational standards are approved for all levels of general education (Article 5, Part 3, including for preschool.

Education

Education and training in the interests of the individual, society and the state

(LAW "ON EDUCATION", 1992, 1996)

(NEW LAW "ON EDUCATION", 2013, CH. 1, ART. 2)

1. In the Russian Federation, the right of every person to education is guaranteed.

Preschool education can be carried out both in a preschool institution and in the form of family education.

Federal State Educational Standard

Why do you need a standard

The standard has the following objectives

ensuring by the state of equality of opportunities for every child to receive quality preschool education;

Maintaining the unity of the educational space of the Russian Federation in relation to the level of preschool education.

Family and preschool interaction

Parents have primary responsibility for the upbringing and development of the child, whose best interests should be the primary concern of the parents.

Convention on the Rights of the Child (article 18)

(article 44, part 1)

(article 44, part 2)

For failure to comply or improper fulfillment of responsibilities for the upbringing of children, parents can be brought to various types of legal liability:

Civil law (Articles 1073 - 1075 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation);

Family and legal (Article 69 "Deprivation of parental rights", Article 73 "Restriction of parental rights" of the Family Code of the Russian Federation);

Criminal (Article 156 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Failure to fulfill obligations for the upbringing of a minor")

Family is happiness, love and luck.

Family is a summer trip to the country.

Family is a holiday, family dates,

Gifts, purchases, pleasant spending.

The birth of children, the first step, the first babble,

Dreams of good, excitement and awe,

Family is work, caring for each other,

Family is a lot of homework

Family is important!

Family is difficult!

And it's impossible to live happily alone!

for your attention!

Attached files:

	roditelskoe-sobranie_8jlcc.ppt \| 2129.5 KB \| Downloaded: 599

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Article 18 Preschool education Law on education of the Russian Federation (full text) (2015). Relevant in 2015 | The law is simple!

1. Parents are the first educators. They are obliged to lay the foundations for the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child's personality in early childhood.

Clause 2 - Abolished.

(as amended by Federal Law of 22.08.2004 N 122-FZ)

3. For the upbringing of preschool children, the protection and strengthening of their physical and mental health, the development of individual abilities and the necessary correction of developmental disorders of these children, a network of preschool educational institutions operates to help the family.

4. The relationship between the preschool educational institution and the parents (legal representatives) is regulated by an agreement between them, which cannot limit the rights of the parties established by law.

5. Local self-government bodies organize and coordinate methodological, diagnostic and advisory assistance to families raising preschool children at home.

Download Law on Education of the Russian Federation (full text) (2015) Actual in 2015

Source www.zakonprost.ru

Preschool Education Act

Since the beginning of the new academic year in 2013, a new Federal Law No.-273 “On Education in the Russian Federation” came into force. First of all, the amendments affected preschoolers.

Now preschool education as such is another niche in the entire education system on a par with school education and training at a university. The list of organizations that will be able to carry out the education of preschoolers is also being replenished, now these are not only state institutions or institutions of a municipal nature, organizations that are engaged in the treatment or prevention of a preschool child can also be engaged in this. Legal entities and individual entrepreneurs can also engage in pre-school education.

The new law abolished norms that previously limited the amount of money paid for looking after and caring for a child. Each founder of the organization independently sets the fee, it may not set it, but you should not count on it. As they say, free cheese is only in a mousetrap.

Also, the law contains the following norms:

Parents of a child who does not go to kindergarten can receive methodological, psychological, pedagogical and other assistance;

Payment for disabled children, children who were left without parental care and other socially vulnerable groups;

They are not allowed to take additional funds for the maintenance of the real estate of organizations, as well as the implementation of the general education program.

Most of the parents are frightened first of all by the fact that there is no set limit for organizations charging fees for a child's attendance at a preschool. People are afraid of sky-high maintenance prices; salaries do not rise as fast as payments. However, so far no discontent among the people has been identified.

Car repair is a costly business. This is especially true for the repair of Volkswagen cars. Installing a windshield on a Volkswagen can sometimes cost a lot of money.

But our company will install the windshield quickly and efficiently, and even at a low price.

A new law on education in Russia comes into force on September 1, 2013 Consultant Plus

Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation"

The law now also regulates the provision of scholarships to students of educational institutions of vocational education.

The Law contains separate provisions on:

Credit-modular system of organization of the educational process and the system of credits;

Network interaction in the implementation of educational programs, including a mechanism for offsetting the results of mastering certain parts of the educational program in third-party organizations;

The use of distance learning technologies in the educational process;

Training in integrated educational programs;

Educational and information resources in the educational process, etc.

The conditions for conducting experimental and innovative activities in the field of education are regulated. In addition, the models of economic activity in the field of education have been updated.

Simultaneously with the entry into force of the new Law, a number of by-laws, adopted in accordance with it, come into force. Among them, in particular:

Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 15, 2013 N 706 "On approval of the Rules for the provision of paid educational services";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 20, 2013 N 611 "On approval of the Rules for confirming documents on education and (or) on qualifications";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 13.06.2013 N 455 "On approval of the Procedure and grounds for granting academic leave to students";

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of June 14, 2013 N 462 "On approval of the Procedure for conducting self-examination by an educational organization";

Date of publication on the site: 04.01.2013

Material from the site www.Consultant.ru

Other legal entities, as well as individual entrepreneurs, are also entitled to carry out educational activities, including educational programs for preschool education.

If parents give their child preschool education in the family, then they have the right to receive methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and counseling assistance without charging a fee, including in preschool educational organizations and general educational organizations, if they have established appropriate counseling centers.

The preschool educational organization provides upbringing, education, supervision, care and health improvement for children from the age of 2 months.

Law on Education: Specifics of Regulation of Preschool Education | Articles | Preschool director's guide

preschool education;
basic general education;
secondary general education.

Read the article and subscribe to

Material from the site www.resobr.ru

Article 64 Law on Education in the Russian Federation 2015 (New!). Preschool education

1. Preschool education is aimed at the formation of a general culture, the development of physical, intellectual, moral, aesthetic and personal qualities, the formation of the prerequisites for educational activities, the preservation and strengthening of the health of preschool children.

2. Educational programs of preschool education are aimed at the diversified development of preschool children, taking into account their age and individual characteristics, including the achievement by preschool children of the level of development necessary and sufficient for their successful mastering of educational programs of primary general education, based on an individual approach to children preschool age and specific activities for preschool children. Mastering educational programs of preschool education is not accompanied by intermediate certification and final certification of students.

3. Parents (legal representatives) of minor students, who ensure that children receive preschool education in the form of family education, have the right to receive methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance without charging a fee, including in preschool educational organizations and general educational organizations, if corresponding consulting centers have been established there. Ensuring the provision of such types of assistance is carried out by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

NEW IN EDUCATION LAW

In the conceptual apparatus

A number of new concepts have been introduced:

educational organization, organization providing training, organizations carrying out educational activities; relations in the field of education, participants in educational relations, participants in relations in the field of education; conflict of interests of the teacher; and others.

In preschool education

Preschool education is becoming an independent level of education and is regulated by federal state educational standards.
It is separated from “looking after and caring” children, ie. it will be free to teach a child in kindergarten, and you will have to pay for supervision and care. The fee is determined by the founder. The kindergarten will now be taught at the expense of the state, and fed at the expense of the parents. You can get compensation from the budget for looking after and care. Its size is determined by the regions. And if someone wants a free education without additional markups - welcome to short-term stay groups.
Low-income parents, by decision of the founders, can pay less or not pay at all. Disabled children, orphans and patients with tuberculosis are exempted from payment.
Another innovation is the educational standard for the preschooler. It is not very clear why it was called the "standard" - in fact, it is more of a reference point. A sort of guiding star for parents. This standard is not for the child, but for the teacher and parent. It corrects the excesses that have developed in recent years - the substitution of primary school for kindergarten. The task of the kindergarten is not to teach counting and reading, but to prepare the child so that he wants to learn and has opportunities for socialization. The new law prohibits final grading for a student. Simply put, if your two-year-old does not meet the standard, then you do not need to panic and hire a horde of tutors. Maybe he is brilliant in something else. It is possible that the child is a defective child prodigy, and the new law will allow him to harmoniously develop his abilities.

In the field of general secondary education

Those who live in the territory to which the school is attached receive the right of preferential registration in the first ticket offices.

In schools with in-depth study of any subjects, admission will be made individually in middle and high school.

The specifics of obtaining education by foreigners and stateless persons and convicts have been determined.

Individual study schedule. No, this does not mean that you can officially skip and go to lessons a couple of times a month. It is possible only if there is no other way.

The individual schedule is intended primarily for those who, due to circumstances, cannot regularly attend school - for example, those who are seriously involved in sports or music and go to competitions. Or those who have recently changed school - the courses already taken in the old school can be re-enrolled, for others to come to additional classes This option is also for those who have health problems and who cannot attend school regularly.

The child's right to high-quality inclusive education according to adapted programs is separately spelled out.

The concept of "safety of the school environment" has been introduced, which simplifies the presentation of claims against the school due to an accident with a student.

The summer scandals with the Unified State Exam did not teach anything. The law does not prescribe any additional regulatory mechanisms. Of course, while they are working on it. But it seems that the 2014 edition will still be able to download the correct tasks and post the answers on the Internet.

The USE results will be valid for 4 years.

Separate articles are devoted to the status of teacher and leader. Also, the rights, duties and responsibilities of teachers are regulated in more detail. As for teachers' salaries, according to the law, they cannot be lower than the average salary in the respective region.

The teacher must undergo a retraining course every 3 years, and not every 5 years.

In secondary vocational education

Vocational schools offering initial vocational education programs will be closed.

Educational institutions received the right to introduce integrated educational programs and provide both school and vocational education at the same time.

In the field of higher education

According to the new law on the education of state-funded students, there should be at least 800 for every 10 thousand people aged 17 to 30.

Reduced benefits for admission to a university, and instead, certain categories of beneficiaries are given the opportunity to study free of charge at preparatory courses.

Winners and prize-winners of the Olympiads have the right to enter the university without entrance examinations. For admission "to the budget" out of competition for children with disabilities, a quota is set - 10% of the total number of budget places in a specific direction (specialization), provided that they successfully pass the entrance tests.

All other conditions being equal, the priority right to admission to military higher educational institutions is given to "children of citizens doing military service under a contract and having a total duration of military service of twenty years or more."

The law obliges all universities to participate in the monitoring of the Ministry of Education and Science.

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For the first time in the law it is stated that preschool education is the level of general education. This is a landmark event: it is preschool education that is especially important for the formation of a child's personality, his future fate.

A logical continuation of this decision is the adoption of federal state educational standards for preschool education. Preschool education is becoming the first level in the education system As for concerns about the rise in the cost of education, they remain relevant only for preschool educational organizations.

The law does not guarantee a limitation of the parental supplement for kindergarten maintenance, so theoretically (if the founder decides to do so) this could lead to an increase. It is impossible to expel a child from a preschool educational organization due to late payment by his parents (legal representatives) for supervision and care.

Conflict of interests of the teacher. There was no such concept in the legislation on education before, although there was a conflict of interests as an objective reality.

This is a situation in which a pedagogical worker, in the course of his professional activities, has a personal interest in obtaining material benefits or other advantages and which affects or may affect the proper performance of professional duties by a pedagogical worker due to a contradiction between his personal interest and the interests of the student, parents (legal representatives ) minor students. 2. Monitoring the effectiveness of universities is becoming annual and mandatory for both public and private universities. In the fall of 2012, the Ministry of Education and Science conducted the first monitoring of higher education institutions.

It was attended by 541 state universities and 994 branches. As a result, about 30 universities and 262 branches were recognized as ineffective and in need of reorganization. 3. The results of the Unified State Examination (USE) will be valid for five years4.

Individual needs of students are taken into account The law gives priority to inclusive education, which involves teaching children with disabilities not in a specialized, but in a regular educational institution. However, they can still receive education in special institutions.

The legislator secures the right of the student to an individual study schedule and to choose subjects for the course. According to the new

Preschool education of children: what to expect from the new standard

Many teachers believe that the knowledge and values inherent in a child in preschool age will become the determining factors in the future fate of a person. Preschool education plays an essential role in the formation of the future personality. Perhaps, it is from these considerations that, when reforming the education system in the Russian Federation, the legislator paid special attention to the problems of preschool education. About how the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation" (hereinafter - the Law on Education) showed itself in several months of its application, and what to expect from the federal state educational standard of preschool education1 (hereinafter - the standard of preschool education), which comes into force on January 1, 2014, we talked with the director of the Institute of Psychological and Pedagogical Problems of Childhood of the Russian Academy of Education, Ph.D., professor, member of the working group on the development of a standard for preschool education Tatiana Volosovets.

Before the entry into force of the Education Act, preschool education was first step general education. After September 1, 2013, preschool education belongs to level general education (art. 4 of the law on education). How do you rate this innovation?

T.V.: Very well. The Education Law defined the new status of preschool education as level general education. The rise in the status of preschool education is a very positive trend.

At the same time, it would be nice to raise the status of a teacher of preschool education, including equalizing the level of salaries in preschool education and at school. This work is already underway in the regions.

Everyone knows that the problem of queues in kindergartens is very acute in Russia. According to official data, at the moment places are awaiting in groups of about half a million children... How can this problem be solved?

T.V .: This problem can be solved in two ways. The first is the construction of new kindergartens. This task was set in the May (2012) presidential decrees2, and it is being fulfilled by the regions of Russia.

For construction from the federal budget is directed 59 billionrub... The second is the development of variable organizational forms of preschool education, and this method is precisely reflected in the standard of preschool education.

In paragraph 2, part 3 of Art. 44 of the Law on Education states that parents (legal representatives) of minor students have the right to give their child preschool education in the family. Who in this case controls the receipt of the specified education by the child?

T.V .: There is no answer to this question yet. The Ministry of Education and Science of Russia in the Action Plan to ensure the introduction of the federal state educational standard for preschool education plans to develop Methodological Recommendations "Organization of receiving methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance to parents of children receiving preschool education in the form of family education" in 2014.

Many criticize the standard of preschool education for the abundance of general norms (there is no clear regulation of how to develop children; what conditions should be for this; what is the maximum number of children allowed in a group). What is your opinion on this matter?

T.V .: The standard of preschool education focuses on the multiplicity of possible Model basic educational programs of educational institutions with recognition of differences in their psychological and pedagogical foundations, methods and forms of work, recognition of the variability of conditions and results of work of preschool educational institutions.

Everything related to education and development will be reflected in these programs. Conditions, including psychological and pedagogical, personnel, financial, material and technical, are reflected in the standard of preschool education. The maximum occupancy of groups, including in groups of compensatory and combined orientation, is established in accordance with sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations.

Previously, the amount of parental pay (fees for looking after and caring for a child) in state educational institutions implementing the basic general education program of preschool education was set at no more than 20% of the cost of maintaining a child (Article 52.1 of the Law of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1992 No. 3266-1 "On Education"). The education law abolishes the 20% limit for the specified fee and gives the founders the right to set the limit themselves.

Thus, kindergarten fees for childcare services may increase for parents. five times... What ways out of this situation do you see?

T.V .: There is only one way out - to amend the law on education. I would like to return the wording of Art.

52.1 of the Law of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1992, No. 3266-1 "On Education", according to which the size of the parental pay (payment for looking after and caring for a child) in state educational institutions implementing the basic general education program of preschool education was set at no more than 20% of the cost of maintaining a child.

Dmitry Livanov, Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation:

“The availability and quality of preschool education is one of the significant factors in making decisions by young families that they are ready to become parents. And in fact, it is preschool education that is the only one where we do not guarantee public accessibility to citizens. task ".

Receiving preschool education in educational organizations can begin when children reach the age of two months(article 67 of the law on education). What activities will be carried out for children of this age?

T.V .: Now the authors are finalizing the Model Basic Educational Programs, which also reflects the system of working with children from two months to three years. Teachers and psychologists have accumulated a lot of experience in the development and upbringing of children at this age.

Nursery groups existed in Soviet times, and they function now. I do not see any problems in the development of Programs for infants and young children.

How is the creation of counseling centers for parents (legal representatives) of underage students in Russia, ensuring that children receive preschool education in the form of family education?

T.V .: So far, nothing, although in paragraph 3 of Art. 64 of the Law on Education established the right of parents to use methodological, psychological, pedagogical, diagnostic and advisory assistance in counseling centers. The Ministry of Education and Science of Russia in the Action Plan to ensure the introduction of the federal state educational standard for preschool education provides for the development of "Methodological recommendations for the organization and functioning of consulting centers (organizational, economic, functional issues)" in 2014.

The law on education in the Russian Federation - FZ 273, adopted by the State Duma on December 21, 2012, completely regulates the education sector in our country. For leaders, this document is a reference book, a kind of Bible, which they must know and strictly abide by all the provisions. It is advisable that both parents and students of various educational institutions also become familiar with the main provisions of the Law.

Unfortunately, within the framework of one article, it is impossible to make out in detail the entire Law, each of its paragraphs. We will analyze the key, most important provisions that can help many consumers of educational services, since the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" is applied in kindergartens, schools, colleges, universities, etc.

Basic concepts

Education is a single purposeful process of upbringing and teaching a person, a set of acquired knowledge, skills, experience, moral values, attitudes. The goal is to form a comprehensively developed citizen with high intellectual, physical, cultural, spiritual and moral development.

It is a mistake to believe that education is only about obtaining information. Here we are using terms incorrectly.

Training is the purposeful acquisition of knowledge, skills, and abilities.

Education is a process aimed at the spiritual and moral development of a person, as a result of which the development of generally accepted rules and norms should occur.

Education includes training (acquisition of knowledge and skills), upbringing (mastering generally accepted norms), physical development.

education requirement

A pedagogical worker is a person who carries out the educational process. He is in an employment relationship with an educational organization, performs certain job duties, receiving wages for this. Before the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” was adopted, there were no restrictions at the legislative level for hiring a teacher in a school or a kindergarten teacher. At school, it was quite normal to see a person as a teacher who had barely finished it at one time. In the absence of professional personnel, with low remuneration for teachers, few went to pedagogical universities. The problem is aggravated by the very low percentage of graduates who decided to connect their lives with educational institutions.

Today the situation is different: the law "On Education in the Russian Federation" prohibits persons who do not have the appropriate qualifications from engaging in teaching activities. In Art. 46 of the Law expressly stipulates that a person who graduated from or a higher education institution has the right to be an employee of education. Education alone is not enough. It will also be necessary to pass the additional specialization "Pedagogy" if the applicant's university or college is not pedagogical.

Education document

The Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" provides for the issuance of supporting documents (certificate, diploma) for the passage of the following levels of education:

Basic general.
General average.
Initial professional.
Average professional.
Higher education - bachelor's degree.
Higher education is a specialty.
Higher education - Master's degree.

Education system

The Law "On Education of the Russian Federation" (latest edition) contains a hierarchy of the main components in a unified education system:

and instructions are regulatory documents according to which schools, institutes, colleges, etc. are obliged to carry out educational activities. The status of an educational organization does not matter: commercial, budgetary, state-owned - if it has a license to issue the relevant documents, then it is obliged to carry out training on the basis of standards ...
Direct implementation of training: educational organizations, teaching staff, students, legal representatives.
Federal state bodies, authorities of subjects exercising control. The main role belongs to the Federal State Service for Supervision of Education (Rosobrnadzor). In the regions, this function is performed by the regional ministries of education. They monitor the implementation of state standards in educational institutions.
Organizations providing educational activities. In the districts, the district education committees are responsible for financing budget schools. They also conduct appraisal activities on the controlled territory of all schools.
Associations of individuals or legal entities engaged in educational activities. The trade union of teachers is a prime example.

Objectives of Federal State Standards

The Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" assigns a key place to federal state standards. They perform the following tasks:

Unity of education. It follows that throughout the country, students receive the same level of education, which means equality of opportunity.
Continuity. Despite the dynamic development and reform of the education system, the introduction of new standards and requirements, the key task is to maintain continuity. You cannot completely destroy the entire system every year for the sake of momentary political or economic gain.
Variability. Despite the unity of education as a whole, the law on education in the Russian Federation excludes the rigid totalitarian framework of unity in obtaining it. Depending on the abilities, desires, time, various options for achieving certain tasks are created.
Warranty. It follows that the state controls the unity of education throughout the country.

You can study at home! Forms of education

It is difficult for a Soviet person to imagine this, but the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" provides for training not only in educational institutions. Article 17 lists the acceptable forms of study:

In the traditional form - in specialized educational institutions.
In an alternative form - outside specialized educational institutions.

The traditional form is subdivided into:

Full-time.
Correspondence.
Full-time and part-time.

Distance learning is gaining popularity nowadays. In the age of information technology, it has become a reality to visit museums, theaters, rare exhibitions on the other side of the planet without leaving home. Information and communication technologies have penetrated into education as well.

The Law "On Education of the Russian Federation" is a new law. However, he does not classify distance education as a separate category. The student is at home, prepares according to an individual schedule, listens to lectures remotely, using communication channels. Consequently, distance education belongs to the category of distance learning.

Alternative form

It is not necessary to send a child to school today to receive the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" allows for such a possibility. In addition, the state allocates money for alternative forms of education for each child.

Views

Obtaining a certificate outside of school is divided into two types:

Family education.
Self-education.

Family education involves shifting the function of learning to the family. It is for this form that the state pays compensation. Of course, schools react very painfully to this. This is understandable: no one wants to be left without a salary. Judicial practice shows that the courts are completely on the side of the parents. The average compensation for a middle and senior pupil is about 10 thousand rubles.

The problem of attracting child labor as cleaners

School duty is a tradition that we inherited from the Soviet past. Many parents still do not see the problem of cleaning the floors with their children as part of their school duty. However, Article 34 of the Law directly provides for parental consent to such involvement of a child in work. Classes in technology and labor training are compulsory. It is on them that students are legally required, in accordance with federal state programs, to engage in labor: sewing, cooking, woodworking. Everything else - only at the request of the parents.

Outcomes

So, the main law that regulates the field of education is the Federal Law “On Education of the Russian Federation”. Its articles contain a description of the organization of the educational process, the competences of local authorities, forms and types of education, the rules for final attestations, etc. We have analyzed the most interesting points of this Law in the article.

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