Alcoholism does not occur overnight, and the psychological portrait of a drinking person is not formed immediately. Alcoholics understand what the danger of alcohol craving threatens them, but this does not stop the drinker. It is noted that all addicts have a certain set of personal qualities that are originally laid down by nature. Whether they will be able to develop or remain inactive depends on how quickly a person gets to know alcohol.
Psychologists have found that most often alcoholics are those people who in childhood showed aggression, had low or excessively high self-esteem, showed depressive moods. Already in childhood, such people find it difficult to control their emotions and adequately respond to stressful situations. Infantilism and emotional immaturity do not go away with age. The situation can be aggravated by the situation in the family.
Growing up, such people try to solve existing problems with the help of alcohol. Alcoholic drinks give a feeling of euphoria, help to relax and eliminate psychological discomfort. If alcohol becomes the only way to relieve stress, then over time addiction forms and new problems arise. A person still solves them with the help of alcohol and thus falls into a vicious circle, from which it is almost impossible to get out.
Personality change
The character of a person who drinks alcohol is changing dramatically. It is known that the psyche suffers greatly from the effects of alcohol derivatives. Addicted people develop a tunnel perception, which implies the ability to focus exclusively on one goal.
Since a drinking person has no other meaning in life except alcohol, the brain works only to find a way and opportunity to get drunk again. In this state, a person shows assertiveness, arrogance, aggression, selfishness.
All this leads to the fact that all alcoholics acquire similar characteristics and begin to look and act the same. They have an unstable psycho-emotional state, poor concentration, memory problems. Anything not related to alcohol fades into the background, including family life, work, friends, and hobbies.
Alcoholics have different attitudes towards their problem, but there are three options for behavior with alcoholism:
- denial of the problem - even being constantly in a state of alcoholic intoxication, the alcoholic does not see addiction. He justifies his behavior by the fact that he has to endure severe stress, high workload, family problems, etc. In this case, it is difficult to convince a person to start treatment, because the drinker does not see any disease;
- incomplete denial - the drinker admits that he sometimes relishes on alcohol, but does not consider his hobby to be dangerous;
- dramatization is a rather rare situation in which a person not only recognizes himself as an alcoholic, but also exaggerates the problem, believing that it is impossible to cope with such a severe illness and all that remains is to drink.
Drinking people show immaturity. They are infantile, and therefore they are often compared to children. The psychology of an alcoholic is akin to the psychology of a child who does not know compromises, is not able to listen to others, is fixated only on himself.
Alcoholics find themselves outside of society. They are alone and often get depressed. All this explains why, in a serious condition, a drinking person may think about suicide or demonstrate other manifestations of mental illness. Other patients behave aggressively. Doctors attribute excessive aggression to the effect of ethanol derivatives, which lead to a change in the physiological state of a person and the emergence of a severe form of addiction, in which antisocial actions do not seem abnormal.
Psychological support
Since alcoholism psychology go hand in hand, the addict needs serious psychological help. An experienced doctor is best suited for this task.
Relatives can help a loved one, but it should be remembered that alcoholics are excellent at manipulating other people, although at first glance they seem defenseless, and their behavior is superficial.
When talking with an alcoholic, you should insist on those topics that the patient wants to avoid. We are talking about internal conflicts, fear, dissatisfaction with oneself and one's own life. You should not spare the patient's feelings. Rigidity is one of the prerequisites for successful psychological treatment, although the psychologist should not behave aggressively.
The psychology of alcoholism is such that it does not allow a person to recognize the existing problems. In this case, the work of a specialist is aimed at accepting himself with all his shortcomings. In fact, drunkenness is a way to escape not so much from problems as from one's own weakness, because of which these problems cannot be solved. One should not just say that the patient's behavior is unreasonable, but explain what makes up such illogical actions. When the patient is convinced that the words of the psychologist come true, he will begin to trust the specialist more, and the treatment will begin to bear fruit.
But the case is usually not limited to only one help from a psychologist, and the patient needs the simultaneous administration of drugs that form alcohol resistance. These tools include most of the developments that are freely available on the Internet.
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Long-term systematic alcohol consumption sooner or later leads to alcohol addiction, damage to the psyche, nervous system and internal organs.
Under chronic alcoholism at present, they understand a disease characterized by a pathological craving for alcoholic beverages, the development of painful conditions upon cessation of alcohol consumption, and in advanced cases - persistent disorders of the internal organs and the nervous system up to mental degradation.
Alcoholism an extremely common pathology throughout the world and in our country. In the United States in 1990, 10.5 million Americans suffered from alcoholism, and 7.2 million abused alcohol but did not yet show alcohol dependence. It is very difficult to determine the exact number of those suffering from alcoholism, because, as an alcoholic, he does not particularly try to engage in his treatment. To assess the alcohol situation, such indicators as alcohol consumption per capita are used, the national average is 15 liters in terms of absolute alcohol. Another indicator is the number of alcoholic psychoses, in 1994: 113.5 per 100 thousand population. Men suffer from alcohol addiction much more often. The ratio of women and men is 1: 6. The course of alcoholism in women is more unfavorable.
TO symptoms of alcoholism include: primary craving for alcohol, loss of control - irrepressible craving after drinking a certain dose of alcohol, increased alcohol tolerance, a change in the picture of intoxication, true binges, withdrawal symptoms, hangover syndrome, memory impairment, personality disorders.
Primary attraction
Primary attraction arises only when there is a situation that gives rise to drinking (family events, holidays, industrial events, episodes of personal life). External manifestations of attraction: initiative in preparing for a drink, a lively discussion of the upcoming feast, elimination of possible obstacles, pleasant memories of past drinks, revival, mood elevation, when obstacles appear, irritation, dissatisfaction.
Primary attraction with struggle of motives: attraction also arises outside a certain situation, is realized and experienced by a person. The thought of drinking dominates, interferes with work, and there are attempts to avoid drinking. Alcohol is consumed for no reason, often alone.
Primary attraction without a struggle of motives... As in the previous case, attraction often arises spontaneously, but the addiction is not realized. Situations that arise are able to prevent kurtosis.
With the progression of the disease, attraction becomes irresistible. The attraction is so strong that it leads to immediate drinking. This attraction has been compared to hunger and thirst.
Attraction against the background of mental disorders (anxiety, irritability) in order to alleviate their condition.
Loss of control symptom
We owe its discovery to Morton Jelinek in 1960. He described how his fellow alcoholic called him on the phone from the bar and said that he had “lost his temper,” unable to stop, and asked to be picked up from there. Losing control is not just uncontrolled drinking. This is the moment when a certain amount of alcohol triggers a chain reaction and the patient is unable to stop, gets drunk, even feeling aversion to alcohol. A person loses measure, begins to drink in order to be tipsy, but when he starts, he is not able to stop. The dose after which the patient breaks down is called critical. In the absence of alcohol, a state of gloomy-capricious tension, a desire to go where you can get drunk, a readiness to overcome any obstacles. The people say "not drunk" or "how much vodka you take, run a second time." Many alcoholics know their critical dose and try not to reach it. The so-called dose coding is based on this principle.
Increased tolerance (tolerance)
Alcohol tolerance is determined not by the amount of alcohol that a person can drink, but by that which leads him into a state of noticeable, distinct alcoholic intoxication. So a degrading alcoholic can drink a lot, but he gets drunk from just one or two sips. This is an important criterion, but tolerance depends on:
- quantity and quality of snacks: it is lower on an empty stomach
- in a non-alcoholic, exercise tolerance can rise, but after a sufficiently long sobriety it decreases
- from age: higher in maturity than in youth
- from the degree of mental stress, the higher the stress, the higher the tolerance
High tolerance in an alcoholic is associated with a mandatory desire to get drunk, a disdain for low-alcohol drinks. For the patient, you must first "get better", and only "having recovered" to get drunk. In this case, alcohol initially improves the functional state, gives strength and vigor. This is already a transition to a hangover-withdrawal lifestyle.
Hangover withdrawal syndrome
Almost every person who uses alcohol has experienced a hangover. This is a painful state of poisoning with alcoholic toxins after a large dose of alcohol drunk the day before. That which comes after the intoxicated state. But if a non-alcoholic develops poisoning, first of all, nausea, thirst and weakness, that is, there is a desire to dilute and neutralize the poison. Even the thought of alcohol is unpleasant. But in the life of an alcoholic there comes a moment when the bad state experienced after drinking the day before can be removed by repeated administration of a known dose of alcohol. This condition is called withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal symptoms otherwise, abstinence is a painful condition associated with the deprivation of something familiar, in this case alcohol, which is included in the body's metabolism. At the stage of withdrawal-hangover syndrome formation, the body's relationship with alcohol is transformed. So if earlier the body protected itself from alcohol by rejecting it, now it includes alcohol in its metabolic processes, followed by alcoholic hunger as alcohol decreases in the body. Poisoning, of course, is also present, but completely different symptoms come to the fore:
Peculiar mood disorders
Patients are highly fearful, internally insecure, constantly alert, prone to reactions of fear and panic, transient ideas of attitude and persecution. The alcoholic is tense, fussy, sometimes rushing about. External manifestations often depend on personal characteristics. He experiences feelings of guilt, irritability, spitefulness, picky.
Sleep disorder
The alcoholic suffers from superficial sleep, with frightening dreams. He wakes up at night or early in the morning, when the amount of alcohol in the body has decreased and hungover has arisen. He takes a sip from the hidden bottle and falls asleep.
Tremor
Trembling of hands, tongue. It is not always observed, but it is so pronounced that the patient is not even able to drink water from a cup.
In addition to these symptoms, there may be: stuttering and even seizures, hallucinations, tachycardia, sweating, facial flushing, spasm of the heart vessels, increased blood pressure, headache, heaviness in the head, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain ...
True binges
Booze- incessant drunkenness for several days. Non-alcoholics have a pseudo-drunkenness that ends with the arrival of the wife from a business trip or the end of the money. In an alcoholic in severe abstinence, alcohol softens the condition only for a short time and the patient is forced to drink again and again.
Criteria for a true binge
- Severe hangover not relieved by "normal" drunkenness
- In a binge, the alcoholic does not eat anything, bites on his sleeve. Anecdote: - How much will we take, two or three? - Take two, yesterday they took three, one remained. - Give six bottles of vodka and two candies.
- The onset of a binge is associated with a mood disorder, whether for a reason or for no apparent reason.
- The booze ends on its own, although there is still wine. The patient can no longer drink, he has severe poisoning.
Change in the picture of intoxication
There is a reduction in the period of euphoria in intoxication, and psychopathic disorders appear. So if earlier in the intoxication a person was cheerful, good-natured, then with the development of alcoholism, the picture of intoxication often changes in an aggressive direction. A drunken alcoholic is tense, angry, suspicious, aggressive, does not sleep, kolobrodit, climbs into a fight, chases loved ones, grabs a knife, an ax. If the intoxication was aggressive before, then this has no diagnostic value. The patient maximally demonstrates his personal decline, which is not yet sober. The drunkenness sounds rudeness, vulgarity, tactlessness, cynicism not typical before.
Forms of drinking alcohol
- With a predominance of one-day libations
- By the type of pseudo-drinking
- Constant drunkenness against the background of high alcohol tolerance
- By the type of "intermittent" drunkenness
- True binges
- Constant drunkenness against the background of low alcohol tolerance
Memory impairment
Alcoholic amnesia - loss of memory at the time of intoxication, starting from a certain moment, non-alcoholics can also have it. "The autopilot turned on" at the end of the binge.
The alcoholic has palimpsests, when events fall out in rather clear fragments - "a torn movie."
Personality disorders
Sharpening of personality traits, a decrease in the level of personality, denial of illness, alcoholic revival, alcoholic jargon, alcoholic psychopathization and degradation.
- Sharpening personality traits
The alcoholic declines personally in accordance with his characterological characteristics
- Decreased personality level
There are also universal personality changes common to all alcoholics: this is poverty, the scarcity of personality, a low personal level, a decrease in creativity and moral values. The alcoholic is rude, complacent, indifferent to everything except alcohol. His emotional lethargy is permeated with irritability that grows with the desire to drink. This is the similarity of all alcoholics. These changes are based on a pronounced lesion primarily of the frontal regions of the brain.
- Denial of illness (alcoholic apsychognosis)
The inability of alcoholics to fully understand, recognize, see their personal alcohol decline, is critical of their drunkenness and behavior. Thoughts follow in the wake of emotions: believe in what you want to believe and vice versa. This is so typical that if a person with a morbid addiction to alcohol is seriously concerned about their alcohol disorders, then it is worth thinking about another pathology lurking behind the facade of alcohol disorders.
- Alcohol revival
It is often very helpful to suspect an alcoholic disorder in a sober, gloomy alcoholic. So one has only to talk about the drinking situation, start talking about the quality of alcohol, which vodka is cleaner, how an alcoholic perks up, starts fidgeting, his eyes shine, he can swallow saliva and his voice is more benevolent, even though a minute before that it was lethargic, dull, gloomy and did not want talk.
- Alcohol jargon
Typical alcoholic grimaces, worked out by the relentless repetition of gestures, body movements: clicks with a finger under the chin, an image of a stack with a hand, an image of how much to pour, etc.
- Alcohol psychopathization
With the deepening of the alcoholic process, the decline in the level of personality increases. The patient becomes pathologically difficult in character and behavior. Attacks of anger and irritability, explosions of aggression are observed. The alcoholic tears his shirt hysterically or becomes whiny, obsessive.
- Degradation
Psychopathization imperceptibly develops into degradation, where there is no longer a personality. Degradation includes the destruction of the emotional-volitional sphere and dementia. A degraded alcoholic, as a rule, is apathetic, complacent, careless, can explode, but deep down he is indifferent to everything, unable to worry seriously about his loved ones or himself.
The course of chronic alcoholism.
Stages of alcoholism
Like any process, alcoholism has its beginning, flourishing and outcome.
The first stage of alcoholism- craving for alcohol, the initial manifestations of hangover-withdrawal disorders (decreased control, increased tolerance), an emerging decline in personality.
Second stage- severe hangover-withdrawal syndrome and alcoholic personality changes, alcoholic psychoses (delirium tremens, alcoholic hallucinosis).
Third stage- alcoholic degradation of personality.
Alcoholism is a problem faced by many, but not everyone knows what to do in such a situation. Alcoholic beverages do more than just harm organs and disable entire systems. Alcohol negatively affects the state of the central nervous system. The brain begins to function differently, which leads to changes in the psyche of a person who abuses alcohol.
Mechanism of appearance of changes
The higher nervous activity of a person is provided by the work of the brain. This is a complexly arranged organ, which is reliably protected by the cranium from any external influences. The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for intellectual abilities, logical and analytical thinking and other manifestations of the mind. Their bark is covered with numerous grooves and convolutions.
The cerebral cortex is not the only part of the brain. There is also another layer - the so-called subcortex. She is responsible for all kinds of emotional manifestations, as well as feelings and emotions of a person. There are other parts of the brain that are not responsible for the formation of the psyche, but for other operations, such as controlling the analyzers, maintaining balance, and regulating the work of other organ systems.
The functioning of the brain and the normal functioning of all organ systems are provided only with a normal number of connections between neurons, which form the nervous tissue. In addition, there should be no accumulations of dead cells. The latter lead to malfunctions, which affects primarily the human psyche.
Experts are convinced that long-term alcohol consumption changes the psyche of people.
They have new character traits, while old ones weaken or disappear. This is due to the fact that ethyl alcohol leads to the destruction of nervous tissue. Gradually, necrotic areas are formed in the cerebral cortex or subcortical layer. The number of neural connections is sharply reduced, which leads to a deterioration in memory and intelligence.
Primary changes in the psyche of alcoholics
Regular drinking does not always turn into addiction. Sometimes a person shows determination and willpower, refuses alcohol and returns to normal life, but not everyone succeeds.
There is no single reason people start drinking. Some are drawn in for the company, others out of interest or curiosity. 
If people who are trying to solve their own psychological problems with the help of alcohol, for example, start communicating with representatives of the opposite sex.
Whatever the reason, the result is almost always the same. A person develops a persistent psychological dependence. This means that he cannot independently give up alcohol and perform his usual actions in an absolutely sober state.
Already at this time, the first personality changes are launched. Initially, they relate to changes in character. Experts note that many of the former features are exacerbated and manifested as intensely as possible. An addicted person has:
• nervousness;
• irritability;
• irascibility;
· Increased emotionality;
Tearfulness.
Sometimes, in severe cases, there may be sudden attacks of anger and aggression. In fact, such character traits are provoked not by degenerative changes in the brain, but by severe intoxication of the body. A person in the early stages of addiction drinks intermittently. During periods of sobriety, the body tries to clear itself of ethanol breakdown products, but there are too many of them for this to happen quickly.
Hangover syndrome in such cases is very difficult. In addition to these mental changes, other disorders are observed, including nausea, diarrhea, and fever. Then the person realizes that the easiest way to get rid of unpleasant symptoms is to take another dose of alcohol. This is how a real physical addiction is formed, which is extremely difficult to get rid of.
Pathological personality changes
The more a person consumes alcoholic beverages, the more his character changes. Experts call this condition dementia. Often it is irreversible, since it is almost impossible to restore the connections between neurons destroyed by ethyl alcohol.
If in the early stages of addiction a person is characterized only by increased emotionality and nervousness, then with the development of attachment, the situation changes. It becomes difficult for such people to control themselves, so it is difficult to communicate and contact with them. Relatives and loved ones are the first to notice changes for the worse.
Experts warn that lingering depression becomes characteristic of a person dependent on alcohol. Initially, alcohol can be used to solve problems in life, but this only helps to abstract from difficulties for a while. In fact, the difficulties do not diminish or disappear.
The drinking person realizes this too late. This leads to the development of prolonged depression. To people, any situation begins to seem hopeless, they cannot make a decision. In addition, due to the partial destruction of brain cells, reality is no longer perceived adequately, which also entails certain difficulties.
Change in life goals in an alcoholic
Everyone has aspirations of some kind. Some put family and life first, while others prioritize career growth and success at work. 
However, if a person starts drinking alcohol, a lot becomes insignificant and unimportant for him.
Initially, any difficulties in all spheres of life seem frivolous to a drinking person. He simply ignores them, postponing solving problems. Of course, during this time the situation is only getting worse. It is because of this that alcoholics often lose their jobs, friends, family.
A person with a strong alcohol dependence often gives up on their previous life goals. Its priorities are changing. Such people see the meaning only in the use of alcoholic beverages. All priorities come down to finding the alcohol itself and the company. In the later stages, a person even drinks alone, he does not need other people to maintain a conversation.
Due to the constant desire to drink, a person begins to use all possible techniques. Thus, manipulative alcoholics require their loved ones to buy them alcohol, threatening them with something. Some warn that after refusal they will leave the family, abandon their children, and sell something of value.
Narcologists warn that such a strong attachment is difficult to treat. At this time, a person no longer lives a normal life and sees no reason to stop drinking. Alcoholism leads to the fact that loved ones refuse to drink. Left alone, he only increases the doses of alcohol taken regularly. Talking about the harmful effects of such drinks on health does not scare him. Unfortunately, there is a high risk of death if measures are not taken to enforce treatment for alcoholism.
Features of the psychology of male alcoholics
Doctors do not give a definite answer. The success of treatment always depends on the initial data and the patient's desire to defeat the addiction. The duration of dependence and the volume of alcohol consumed play a role.
If most of the cells of the cerebral cortex are preserved, then there is a high probability of a change in character for the better after undergoing a course of therapy. Gradually, new neural connections will form in the brain, which will also have a beneficial effect on the patient's overall well-being and level of intelligence.
Doctors often argue about the psyche of former alcoholics. Some experts are convinced that dementia is an irreversible process and a person will never become the same. This statement is close to the truth. Indeed, it is unrealistic to completely restore all damaged brain tissue, so some changes will remain with a person for life.
However, many drug therapists tend to give a favorable prognosis. There are specialized medications with nootropic effects. They are aimed at forming new neural connections in the brain. It is they who are prescribed to the patient after treatment for addiction. Such an integrated approach will allow a person to return to their previous life as soon as possible.
What is it really alcoholic psychology and alcoholism, and indeed, is it possible to cure alcoholism(if this is a disease), and is it possible to get rid of alcohol addiction SO in order to become an ordinary person, sometimes using alcohol "in moderation", i.e. become "like everyone else."
Read the article to the end and you will find out what alcoholics are (their psychology), and which of them can be cured, and who can not. (alcoholism treatment at home)
Psychology of an alcoholic - what are drunkards
Internal alcoholic psychology- whether he is sober or drunk, works for his self-destruction - this is an axiom.Even if an alcoholic has not drunk for several years, he can easily return to his old alcoholic behavior.
Alcoholics, drunkards or simply drinking people who often abuse alcoholic beverages are conventionally divided into three types, which almost everyone, even non-specialists, can easily identify with some observation.
There are three main socio-psychological types of alcohol addicts:
- "Drunk and proud"
- "Drunkard" or "Drinker"
- "Drunk" or "Zabuldyga"
An alcoholic like "Drunk and Proud" is a person (man, woman - it doesn't matter) who drinks and is proud of it. For him, alcoholism is an opportunity to assert himself, attracting others around him to his drunkenness.
His environment, people, whether consciously or not, who support his alcoholism and play various social roles in these relationships are, for example, a drinking companion who encourages the behavior of "Drunk and proud" or plays the role of "Simpleton", believing any lie and supporting ridiculous proposals.
Also, his wife or mother play their social roles, along the Karpman triangle (“Savior” and “Persecutor”), in communication and relations with the alcoholic type “Drunk and proud”, thereby unconsciously encouraging his drinking and inappropriate behavior.
Such playful relationships lead to codependency in the family, i.e. although often mothers and wives of drinking people ask psychologists - What to do if a husband drinks (or a son) - expecting to be helped by somehow miraculously changing the alcoholic himself, but mothers and wives do not realize that they are direct accomplices of his addiction ( i.e. they are codependent) and bear part of the responsibility for his drunkenness.
Often, drunk and proud alcoholics are people of all working professions, as well as professions with a free schedule. They can easily skip a salary, stick to the opposite sex, create disharmony in family relationships with the unconscious support of family members (if they are codependent).
"Drunk and proud" usually do not skip work, can get drunk behind the wheel, sometimes gamble, lie to their wife (husband) and close people, arrange fights and drunken fights (the husband sometimes hits his wife - sometimes the other way around, then ask for forgiveness ).
If he is offered to get rid of addiction, he gets angry and defends himself, proving to others that he has everything under control and he is not an alcoholic - he wants to drink, wants not to drink ...
It is difficult to help this type of alcohol addict get rid of the problem. not considering himself addicted, he, accordingly, has no real desire to be treated, to receive adequate psychotherapeutic help for alcoholics.
Drunk and Proud's main emotion is anger, and defensive behavior is rebellion. He always wants to be proud of himself - the problem is that he chooses alcohol as an object of his pride.
Unlike the angry and rebellious "Drunk and Proud," the "Drinker" type of alcoholic is constantly making himself a victim, he is often depressed and pathetic.
It is the feeling of depression that serves as the impetus for alcoholism "Drinkers", through which he consciously or unconsciously tries to solve life's problems.
Among the "drinkers" there are many women, mostly "driven housewives", and men, "tortured" by work and constant external and internal coercion, or pressure of circumstances.
Drinking alcoholic beverages as a sedative or to improve mood, "drinkers" in this way try to get rid of the despair and hopelessness of their existence. After skipping a pile, another, they become more cheerful and partially forget about everyday problems, which makes their life more or less bearable.
"Drinkers" are usually people suffering from some kind of deficit: lack of communication - loneliness, violation of sexual relations, unemployment ... and so on.
In most cases, "drinkers" drink alone, but sometimes, when drunk, they can make contacts, including sexual ones ... trying to restore emotional and psychological balance.
In a word, a "drunkard" is a type of alcoholic who, feeling himself constantly as a Victim, is looking for a Savior for himself, sometimes an inexperienced psychotherapist can turn out to be such a savior.
It is quite possible to cure this type of alcoholism, the main thing is to bring psychotherapy to the end. without creating the possibility of relapse.
"Zabuldyga" differs from other types of alcoholics in that it drinks almost constantly. As a rule, alcohol addicts of this type seriously destroy their bodies through their drunkenness.
"Bullies" often bring on themselves various troubles and illnesses with their alcoholic behavior. They often enter into relationships with hospitals, law enforcement agencies, prisons and other government agencies. Many of this type of alcoholics fall prey to fraudsters (for example, "black realtors"), and end their lives as homeless.
It is very difficult to cure "Zabuldyga" from alcohol addiction, but it is quite possible. Of course, provided that he wants to.
Is it possible to cure alcoholism - conditions for getting rid of drunkenness
Many people do not fully understand is it possible to cure alcoholism and what conditions must be met to get rid of drunkenness.Alcoholism is officially "designated" as a disease, moreover - incurable. But how do the international medical communities come to this conclusion and "destination"? Very simple ... like in any other democratic community - by debate and voting.
And of course, there is a lobby everywhere, i.e. a group of interested people, for example from the pharmaceutical business, who want alcoholism to be an incurable disease. After all, if alcoholics are cured, then alcohol, pharmaceutical and honey business will begin to “lose weight”.
Various encodings, "stitching" and other business in the field of "treatment of incurable alcoholism", works on human vices and weaknesses. The main thing, for example in coding, is speed and doing nothing (a kind of freebie for a lazy person). But the “code” is instilling another negative emotion (fear) and taking control of the alcoholic, not treatment.
In fact, psychotherapists successfully treat alcoholism; after a course of psychotherapy, former "slaves of alcohol" can live like ordinary people, including sometimes drinking (for example, on holidays).
Our newspaper has repeatedly raised the problem of alcoholism in the republic, which has existed and continues to exist. Together with propaganda, we publish on the pages of the publication tips from users of the Yakut Internet, who repeat in unison: "Run from alcoholics." But for various reasons, people continue to live with drunkards. What are the methods of influencing drinkers and can you convince them to be treated? We are looking for a way out, but there is always a way out, because there are solutions and there are people who are ready to help.
The moaning of the household
- My husband drinks almost every month. He drinks a little, first walks, then crawls at home like an animal. At such a time, the whole apartment is in fragments from broken dishes, his vomit and feces. This is terrible! I'm tired of cleaning up after him and babysitting him like a child. I love him and it's a pity to leave him - he will disappear without me, and there is no more strength to live like this.
- Our father, when he gets drunk, his fists itch. He starts chasing us, yelling at us and mom. Maybe raise your hand. Mothers have already been diagnosed with concussion several times. In a sober state, the father is an intelligent person, but when drunk he must constantly swear with someone, call someone names, humiliate, prove something, running into a scandal or a fight. It's very hard to live with him, but we have nowhere to go, we have to endure.
- My son is 28 years old, he drinks beer almost every evening, 1-2 bottles. Sometimes he can drink 100 grams of vodka. He says that this is how he relaxes after work. Sits all evening at the computer, does nothing to do around the house. Doesn't make noise, doesn't beat - just quietly drinks himself intoxicated. Became irresponsible, loses conscience, shame. Doesn't keep promises. Can't hold back when someone proposes. You can be completely sober 2-3 days a week. So we are worried about him and do not know what to do.
- After the death of my mother, my sister and I stayed together in a small apartment. My daughter and I are in one room, my sister is in another. After a divorce from her husband and several unsuccessful attempts to improve her personal life, my sister began to drink. At first, imperceptibly, now from every payday, until he drinks. When he drinks, he behaves aggressively, is noisy, he can break into our room at night to talk. Allows himself to swear, bang his fist on the table or load a mug against the wall. And so every month! My child sees all this and sometimes goes to school not getting enough sleep. I tried to talk to my sister when she was sober so that she could get treatment, but she does not consider herself an alcoholic.
Almost everyone has encountered similar situations: some have relatives who drink, some have neighbors, friends, acquaintances. Let's see what methods of getting rid of alcohol addiction are offered to us in the ads. On the Ykt.ru website, I found only two (the style is preserved): “Laser treatment and the body without pills is very effective The following diseases: thrombophlebitis, coronary heart disease, hemorrhoids and sinusitis without surgery, diseases of the spine, joints, liver and kidney diseases, infertility, prostatitis , vitiligo, alcoholism ". “Cleansing people with fire, grass, daebiir. Treatment for alcoholism, smoking. " No, it's not that.
How to convince an alcoholic to be treated?
Council of a psychotherapist, member of the coordinating council of the Public Movement "Sober Russia" Valentina Kuzmina:
- Do the wives of alcoholics think - to divorce or encode? Even if she gets rid of the alcoholic, an alcohol problem will still appear in her life, because she is alcohol-programmed, that is, she creates such a situation herself. You need to work on yourself, and if you love your husband, help him get rid of addiction. How? Often, relatives try to influence alcoholics with the help of scandals and threats. This method is completely ineffective. On the one hand, you become an enemy for the addict, and he is fenced off from all your words. On the other hand, each scandal is another stress that needs to be compensated for with a glass. That is why the task of loved ones of an addicted person is not to force, but to convince. To begin with, you need to assemble a team of like-minded people - parents, wife, children, neighbor, friend. It is necessary that each of them, during the conversation, reminded the alcoholic of the actions he committed while drunk. For example, an alcoholic smashed furniture, swore in front of a child, beat someone. It is better if the boss also invites a subordinate who has skipped work due to drunkenness to his conversation and gives an ultimatum to the drunkard - either quit or quit. For any person who is not yet completely degraded, such a conversation with showing him a video of his actions in a drunken state should have an effect. But you need to think in advance where you are going to send an alcoholic for treatment, and determine him while he is "ripe". There are many methods and ways today - there is a choice.
Drunk statistics
800,000 people die from alcoholism in the country every year. There are about 500 people in Yakutia.
One person who drinks culturally "on celebrations" for 17 years pushes 10 people to alcoholism, one of whom dies. 85% of "culture drinkers" stamp another 15% of alcoholics.
Self-tested
We turned to a well-known psychotherapist, a member of the coordinating council of the Public Movement "Sober Russia" Valentina Kuzmina, which is working to promote sobriety in the republic. For 20 years of lecturing on the prevention of alcoholism, it has covered more than 40 thousand people in 20 regions of Yakutia, including the city of Yakutsk. Valentina Mikhailovna kindly agreed to tell us about all the methods of fighting the "green snake" and invited us to attend classes on getting rid of alcohol addiction, including the Shichko method. I decided not to miss this opportunity.
So, my first one-to-one lesson ... on getting rid of alcohol addiction. Valentina Mikhailovna receives me at home, in a small bright room. We sit down at a table on which there is a mysterious device with wires. I do not have time to make out it - Valentina Mikhailovna takes out an iridoscope from under the table, which looks like half of binoculars. With its help, the doctor conducts iridology - a method for determining the state of the human body by the iris of the eye. “Cholecystitis, kidney problems,” the doctor says in my eyes. Well, yes, I know that.
Then we move on to the equipment that has been on the table and has been haunting me for a quarter of an hour - the Voll apparatus. Valentina Mikhailovna asks me to hold a metal cylinder in my left hand, connected with a wire to a portable device, and with a "pen" does not painfully press on the biological points located on the right hand. This method is based on the ancient Chinese teaching on acupuncture - acupuncture treatment. In this case, electrodes are used - the electrode touches biologically active points, and the device registers their electrical "response". In a short time, Valentina Mikhailovna diagnosed my entire body. Doctor's diagnosis - gastritis, chronic pyelonephritis, cholecystitis, chronic bronchitis. I admit my bouquet of diseases, yes.
The execution does not end there. Valentina Mikhailovna puts me in a chair, attaches a strap with wires to my head, which leads to a device called Imedis-BRT-A, which looks like a Soviet radio tape recorder. My bare legs lie on metal plates, and there are measuring sensors in my hands. I feel like an astronaut preparing for a flight into space. The doctor assures that this device adjusts the self-regulation of the body, cleans my biofield. Then Valentina Mikhailovna hands me a questionnaire, in which I have to answer all 32 questions and come to the lecture in the group on getting rid of alcohol addiction the very next day.
It turns out I'm an alcoholic!
With a filled diary, I come to the lecture. Honestly, the questions turned out to be difficult. Firstly, there are many of them, and secondly, they had to be painted. And I wrote them until one in the morning. Third, it seemed to me that they were repeated in meaning. As Valentina Mikhailovna explained, I misunderstood some points, I didn’t write them down. Okay, as they say, "the first pancake lump." However, the doctor commended me for my honesty. Further research impressed me. To the question: "What drinks, in what quantities and how often do you drink?" I answered for the sake of experiment: "Beer, every Friday, two liters" (author - of course, I don't drink every Friday, but what can't you do for the sake of the readers). Valentina Mikhailovna, having read the answer to the question and looked at me in surprise, gave the verdict: "You are at the stage!" But I know that I am actually a teetotaler, because I only drink "on holidays" 2-3 times a year a couple of glasses of wine or champagne. But the doctor, as if reading my thoughts, breaks all my ideas about myself. "Once you drink at least once a year, even a glass or a glass, it means that there is a problem of alcohol drinking, there is convictions and an alcohol program." This is how most of us are mistaken, believing that the problem of alcohol drinking arises on a quantitative basis. The problem of alcoholism is in the use of alcohol in principle. If a word can "kill", then a number - "finish off". When calculating the amount drunk in a year, the hair stands on end: every week for a drink and a snack for it from a beer Friday lover, it takes about two thousand rubles, which is about 100 thousand rubles! With this money, you can buy a mink coat, a used car, or fly to Thailand.
Alcoholics Among Us
I came to a group of people seeking to get rid of alcohol addiction. In front of me are 10 people - ordinary fellow citizens, no different from those whom we meet every day on the streets of Yakutsk. A man with a slightly puffy face, a young man, a 15-year-old boy, a beautiful girl, a woman of mature age. If it were not for the reason why all these people gathered here, I would not have guessed what unites them. They have been meeting in the lecture hall every day for ten days and spend two hours here, each working on his own problem. Leonid, for example, came here because he was tired of living "in an alcoholic fog", besides, his heart was playing pranks. Realizing the problem and working on himself in the group, he realized that vodka is poison. Now he had so many things to do. Marina came to keep company with her husband and is working on herself to get rid of codependency (author - dependence on a person suffering from alcohol addiction in this case). Young Alexei boasted that now he does not drink beer with friends at the entrance and at their birthdays, boldly refusing.
I got to the last lesson, where the results were consolidated. At this time, literature and various materials of anti-alcohol content were viewed, the audience exchanged experiences, described a sober life and all the positive changes that had occurred to them. “What great fellows they are,” I thought, looking at them, “they found the strength to go for treatment and went through all the classes to the end. I hope that they will not stray from the planned path of their new life. "
Five tricks of a psychologist
If we try to classify all methods of combating alcoholism, then we can distinguish three main groups: folk, drug and psychological. Let's talk about psychological methods of dealing with alcohol addiction, since it is the psychological methods of combating alcoholism that are considered the most effective and popular among all methods.
Coding. This includes chemical protection, the filing of the drug "Esperal", the infusion of "torpedo" and a number of other drugs. This is probably the most popular method. Although it is medicated, it also has a psychological component. The method is suitable for those who find it easier to get rid of a bad habit once and for all in one day. The disadvantage of this method is that it does not get rid of addiction, but only serves as the last barrier. If a breakdown occurs, the person begins to drink even harder. Hence, the opinion appeared among the people that all coding is based on the "placebo" effect (the author is a substance without obvious medicinal properties, used as a medicine, the therapeutic effect of which is associated with the patient's belief in the efficacy of the drug).
Hypnosis or hypnotherapy based on the immersion of a person in a trance state and suggestion. Hypnosis helps relieve patients from alcohol addiction, but the attitude towards hypnosis from alcoholism in society is twofold. Many people do not believe in the power of suggestion; they attribute it to something from the category of shamanism. It can be called a violent method. Among the various techniques, such a coding method, or a method of shock therapy, is known, which was developed by a narcologist A.R.Dovzhenko, in which a person, having made a decision about recovery and having determined for himself the terms of abstinence from alcohol, completely entrusted himself to the doctor, following his instructions.
Alcoholics Anonymous group. This is a psychotherapeutic technique based on suggestion. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) groups are self-formed to help themselves and others with alcoholism get back to normal. And in AA society, a person speaks out, reveals himself to "fellow misfortunes," and it becomes much easier for him, because the members of Alcoholics Anonymous understand him like no one else. AAs follow the 12-Step Program, which addresses the primary goal of alcoholism treatment — the complete spiritual reorientation of the addict. This technique will have low efficiency already in the second stage of alcoholism.
Churching. It is believed that without understanding the problems of the spirit, treatment in psychiatry and narcology will be incomplete and will not lead to the healing of a person. It is not in vain that people feel the need to attend church, confession and receive communion. In narcology there is such a concept - "quality of remission". If a person stops drinking and becomes irritable and aggressive, this is one quality, and if he does not drink and enjoys life, it is quite another. The quality of remission is significantly higher for those who have become churches. A person must come to church on his own. Unfortunately, alcoholism is insidious and a drunken person may never reach the church.
Psychology. A humane method. Good results are obtained by psychocorrection and psychotherapy of emotional problems, relaxing meditation and suggestion, regular conversation relieving the client's psychological stress. Family psychotherapy is effective in treating alcoholism. Evidence shows that involving the non-drinking spouse in the treatment program improves patient activity and increases the likelihood that the patient will not return to alcohol after treatment ends. Well-known in the case of getting rid of addictions is the method of G.A.Shichko - a method of self-elimination of bad habits through psychoanalysis, which occurs by keeping records in a diary. Without chemicals, in 10 days of intensive work on oneself, an alcoholic can cope with his problem on his own. The essence of this theory lies in the attitude to sobriety, which is inherent in a person from the very beginning. The consciousness is cleared of the so-called alcoholic programs. Unfortunately, not everyone is capable of painstaking work even on their own habits.
There is no one hundred percent effectiveness in any technique, but by choosing his own path and his own method, a person can get rid of addiction if desired. People are accustomed to waiting for a miraculous healing without putting their own efforts, it is necessary, finally, to understand that only you yourself can get rid of alcohol addiction.