What kind of poppy can be grown in a personal flower garden? Remember the rhyme: "The third grade sowed poppies, not in a flower bed, just like that ..."? At the time of Agnia Barto, this was still possible, but now the poppy is a forbidden flower, even if it is “just like that”. Although, as it turns out, not all gardeners know about it. The correct answer to the question of which poppy can be grown in the country: none. Many summer residents are sure that the ban applies only to opium poppy, while oriental poppy, for example, can be planted, and wild poppy generally grows by itself, without demand. There is an opinion that "our northern" poppies, unlike the "southern" ones, do not contain anything narcotic and that it is not forbidden to have up to 3 poppy bushes - so to speak, for beauty - on the site. In fact, all of the above are misconceptions. As explained in the Federal Drug Control Service for the Moscow Region, it is forbidden to sow any varieties of poppy, since they all contain opium. According to the law, there should not be any poppy in the country house, it cannot be planted either for culinary purposes or for beauty, and the number of bushes also does not play a role, even one scarlet "poppy" at the fence is illegal. By the way, more than 10 poppy bushes are already plantings on a large scale, and the gardener can have big problems because of them. It happens that a summer resident does not go to his site for a long time and simply does not know that there is not only grass near the house, but also poppy has grown. If the truth has grown, the owner of the dacha may be in for another unpleasant and unsafe surprise - drug addicts can take note of the site. It is their interest in other people's poppy bushes that makes even the most avid gardeners refuse poppies, who, according to old memory, still continued to grow it. How events will develop in the event that the owner of poppy plantings does not know about them, was explained in the department of state drug control in the Moscow region: - Ignorance of the laws does not exempt from responsibility. The owner of the plot will receive an official order from the authorized body on the destruction of wild-growing drug-containing plants and will have to take all necessary measures. For a law-abiding citizen, this is where it ends. For poppy in the country, they can issue a warning, fine and even condemn - it all depends on how the poppy bushes ended up on the site, in what quantity they were found and how the summer resident reacted to the official order to destroy his plantation. For "failure to take measures" ordinary citizens can receive a fine of up to 2 thousand rubles, legal entities - up to 40 thousand. As for the deliberate sowing and cultivation of prohibited plants, there is Article 231 in the Criminal Code for such cases. According to it, these crimes “are punishable by a fine in the amount of up to three hundred thousand rubles or in the amount of the wage or other income of the convicted person for a period of up to two years, or by restriction of liberty for a term of up to two years, or by deprivation of liberty for the same term.” This is how things are with poppy plantings. Important! In addition to poppy, in Russia it is forbidden to sow and grow for any purpose khat bush, hemp, mushrooms containing psilocybin, coca bush, Williams lophophora cactus containing mescaline, and ephedra, which, by the way, grows in the southern regions on its own, like a weed.
I was very lucky - I found my grandfather alive. When I was little, my grandfather harvested wheat near their house (he worked as a harvester), and my grandmother sometimes asked me to bring him a lunch wrapped in a towel. And returning home, I managed to make a bouquet for my grandmother from ears of corn plucked along the way and simple wildflowers.
I still like them. And today, having bought a dacha, I decided to arrange in the yard not a fashionable rose garden or an alpine hill, but a mini-field with spikelets (we then collect them and germinate them for salads), cornflowers, chamomiles, and of course, poppies.
Although the flowers of the decorative poppy "live" only a couple of days, sowing the whole bag, you can get more than twenty bushes. Each gives several flowers ... In general, such a flower bed will turn red for about a month.
Everyone knows that poppies are red. But they can also be white, and pink, and purple.
The process of blooming this flower is simply mesmerizing, and everything happens very quickly:
One bad thing: it is difficult to cut it to put in the house. First, poppies do not last long. Secondly, the petals of this culture are so delicate that you just touch them, and creases immediately appear on them. Therefore, I immediately mulch the flower bed, because it is very difficult to get rid of weeds and at the same time not injure poppy flowers.
But decorative poppy:
- not picky about the soil;
- not afraid of both cold snap and drought;
- can perfectly decorate an open flower bed without being afraid of light.
This unpretentious plant is afraid of only one thing - a wetland. Therefore, it is better for him to choose a flower bed with loose earth. And if at the same time it is also nutritious, the flowers will bloom - all the neighbors are a feast for the eyes.
Is it legal to grow such flowers
- Decorative poppy is not food (the so-called sleeping pill poppy), it does not have narcotic properties, which means that it can be planted. True, not all species: we are also recommended to abandon the oriental, bract-bearing, bristle-bearing poppies.
- On your site for beauty, you can plant up to 10 bushes. If there is more, the "organs" may become worried.
In any case, I would advise this: if your area is not the most calm environment (drug addicts trade - this is easy to understand by frequent petty thefts), and you really like poppy, choose not red, but other decorative shades of the flower.
For example, you can sow purple or pink poppies (there are such among Eastern Pikoti). After all, you can’t explain to various villains that the “wrong” poppy grows on a flower bed - when they see simple red petals, they still fit in and only trample the flowers in vain.
Important: there is also Peony poppy (Papaver). It does not look like food, but it is also considered a narcotic, and some bad people hunt for it. Therefore, you can plant such beauty only if your fence is high and without holes.
The brightest types and varieties
Poppy is different - annual and perennial, with bare and fluffy leaves. The genus of poppies includes up to 100 different species (+ varieties).
In the flower beds we mainly grow perennials.
Oriental
High (up to 80 cm) culture with large, densely pubescent leaves.
The flowers are scarlet, often have a black dot near the base. Their diameter is about 11 cm. They bloom from May to June.
It's a comfortable culture. Seeds can be sown both in spring and late autumn, they can be stored for up to 3 years. Poppy reproduces well by dividing the bush.
If the flowers are cut at the stage of buds (bursting, with visible petals), they can stand in a vase for several days.
The most interesting varieties:
- Perry white. This tall (up to 90 cm) poppy has black dots, standard for a kind, near the base, but its petals are not red, but white.
- Pikoti. In the photo it is orange, but in nature it is milky flowers, bordered by bright red.
- Goliath. Standard red flowers.
- Salmon glow. Semi-double variety. The middle of the flowers is dark, the base color of the petals is pink (salmon).
- Kleine Tanzerin. A pink pleated variety named after the ballerina's skirt, which it closely resembles.
Siberian (nude)
In a cold climate, it is more often an annual, and in a warm one it is a perennial (but it is not worth keeping such a poppy in a flower bed for more than three years without updating).
Despite the name, the leaves of such a poppy can be not only naked, but also with an edge.
Flowers bloom small (up to a maximum of 5 cm), but a lot of them grow on the bushes at once. Shades of petals: orange, yellow, white. In addition, starting in May, such a culture will bloom until frost. If desired, they can also be cut, but you only need to choose half-buds.
You will be interested in this variety:
- Atlant. Low (up to 20 cm) perennial. It blooms in yellow and white, the size of the flower is up to 5 cm. They begin to bloom in June and continue to bloom for up to 2 months.
Propagated by seeds. Moreover, they are so tenacious that falling into the ground in a flower bed, they can overwinter perfectly, and in the spring you will notice that the poppy is trying to capture the entire yard.
Bracts (Beshtaugorsky)
A giant among domestic poppies - it grows up to 130 cm. And the rest of the plant is a match for it: flowers are 16 cm in diameter, leaves are almost half a meter long.
Unfortunately, these luxurious scarlet flowers with black dots in the calyx bloom only in spring and do not bloom for long.
Terry (peony)
Not only are the flowers of this poppy simply “studded” with petals, but also its leaves do not look like poppy ones - they are not dissected, smooth.
This species, for all its decorativeness, is considered unpretentious.
The most respected varieties:
- Black cloud. Tall (up to a meter) annual. Flowers solitary, up to 10 cm, bloom from July to August.
- Salmon cloud. An annual of the same "growth" and size of flowers. Blooms in July.
This poppy is also called Papaver. Although in fact this word is not a variety or a species, but the same poppy, but in Latin. Such a miracle blooms for up to a month.
Samoseyka
And this is an annual. Moreover, this type is the most interesting, since you can see everything in it: double and semi-double flowers, one- and two-color petals.
The most popular varieties of such poppy are recognized:
- Silk moire. This semi-double two-tone beauty with bright yellow centers grows quite noticeable - up to 80 cm.
- Morning song. The variety is similar to the previous one, but there are already pink, crimson, and purple lush flowers. But in my opinion, the most interesting is the coloring in the photo: red petals, as if covered with frost.
- Order of the Crusaders. Red "standard" poppy, the middle of which is not black, but light, as if decorated with a miniature cross.
Propagation of poppy seeds
Seeds are sown in seedling boxes.
When the sprouts are decorated with 2 real leaves, they can be dived into separate containers. It is ideal to use peat pots for this - you don’t even have to remove the plants from them when planting in open ground, since with this “dishes” the sprouts are dug into the flower bed.
If it is a perennial, it should be sown immediately after collecting the seeds. Such poppies are planted in a flower bed even in autumn, and for the winter they are hidden under a ball of fallen leaves.
Subtleties of poppy care in the open field
- Occasionally, a flower bed with flowering poppies needs to be watered. Just not too generous: if poppy is not very afraid of poor (sandy, rocky) soil, then stagnant water is a serious problem for him.
- The soil should be fluffed from time to time.
- You can feed this culture with humus. By the way, it is not necessary to breed it and introduce it with a watering can - you can mulch the bed once with humus. This will solve the nutrition problem and create a barrier to weeds (I won’t say that it’s impenetrable, but still tangible).
- Bushes need to be freed from dry leaves from time to time. Do not tear off, but cut them off, otherwise you can injure the plant.
- Perennial crops can grow in your flower bed for up to 6 years. Then it's better to update them. You don't have to throw them away and plant new ones. You can simply transplant the bushes from place to place. Do this in late autumn, during the "wet" season. And be careful with the roots - it is better to transfer them without shaking off the soil.
More about the cultivation of such a poppy will tell (along the way showing everything by his own example) the florist in this video:
Published Published by Savenkov December 17 2014 17:57:49
IS IT POSSIBLE TO GROW POPPIES IN RUSSIA?
Many people have the opinion that hemp and poppy are prohibited for cultivation in Russia. The media even stubbornly published information that this ban was set by the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of June 12, 1987 N 695 " On the prohibition of sowing and cultivation of oilseed poppy by citizens» . In fact, this decree prohibited the cultivation of poppy seeds by citizens on household plots of citizens, but not by agricultural collective enterprises or associations. And collective farms themselves stopped growing this highly profitable crop in connection with the beginning of the collapse of collective farms and state farms and the growth of drug phobia. This has led to the fact that we receive poppy food and painkillers of the opium group only from abroad, which means that we are completely dependent on restrictive SANCTIONS of a political nature.
On June 21, 2011, the chairman of the State Anti-Drug Committee, director of the Federal Drug Control Service of Russia, Viktor Ivanov, at a regular meeting of the State Anti-Drug Committee, stated: “ The market of confectionery poppy in Russia today is 20 thousand tons annually. However, the work of a domestic manufacturer on it has been prohibited since 1987 by a decision of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. This strange, to say the least, decision gave rise to massive (highly profitable) channels for the supply of foreign-made products, which smugglers of poppy straw got hooked on.».
68% of poppy is supplied to Russia by the Czech Republic, in addition, poppy supplies to the Russian Federation are carried out by Spain, France, the Netherlands and other countries, which actually increased the number of cultivated areas and jobs at the expense of Russia.
Later, statements by FSKN employees appeared that poppy crops were prohibited by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 3, 2004 N 454. On the Prohibition of Cultivation on the Territory of the Russian Federation of Plants Containing Narcotic Substances».
In fact, this decree prohibited the cultivation of only the following plants containing narcotic substances: ephedra (plant species Ephedra L); mescaline cactus (plant of the species Lophophora williamsii). At the same time, poppy and hemp were forbidden to be cultivated only for the purposes of Article 231 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and for citizens it was indicated that the large size for illegal cultivation of poppy is 10 plants, and for hemp - 20. (The sown area under industrial hemp crops in those years was more 4 thousand hectares).
The above Government Decree was replaced by a new Decree dated November 27, 2010 No. 934 “On approval of the list of plants containing narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances or their precursors and subject to control in the Russian Federation, large and especially large cultivation of plants containing narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances or their precursors, for the purposes of article 231 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as on the amendment and invalidation of certain acts of the Government of the Russian Federation on the circulation of plants containing narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances or their precursors. It approved the List of plants containing narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances or their precursors and subject to control in the Russian Federation. Note, control, not prohibition!!!
Thus, the statement that the cultivation of industrial varieties of poppy and hemp is prohibited in Russia is fundamentally wrong and not based on law.
Paragraph 4 of article 2.1 of the federal law " On Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances prescribes that « The control measures provided for in paragraph 3 of this article shall not apply to varieties of narcotic plants permitted for cultivation for industrial purposes.
(except for the production and manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances), and their parts". That is, the cultivation of poppy and hemp varieties for industrial purposes is allowed in the Russian Federation!
What prevents the cultivation of poppy in Russia, if the current legislation does not interfere? Enforcement practice that is not based on the law and the lack of logic among law enforcement officers hinders. The law unambiguously provides that in the Russian Federation prohibited for circulation or controlled drugs and not drugs. Poppy and hemp are not included!!!
For literate people, it is immediately clear that there is a huge distance between a narcotic drug and a narcotic substance. According to the law " narcotic drugs - substances of synthetic or natural origin, DRUGS included in the List of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors subject to control in the Russian Federation, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, international treaties of the Russian Federation, including the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961 year a". That is, narcotic drugs have a preparative form ready for use for the purpose of anesthesia.
Based on the logic of the law, plants containing narcotic substances, mixtures in which narcotic substances and a neutral component are not in preparative form should not be considered as narcotic drugs. For example, a mixture of sand and clay spat on by a drug addict, in which experts found the presence of a narcotic substance, urine of a drug addict, in which traces of narcotic drugs were found, food poppy containing microimpurities of poppy straw, since such mixtures are unsuitable for direct anesthesia, and narcotic drugs DO NOT obtain from them in an easily accessible way.
According to the logic of the law mentioned above, a mixture of a narcotic substance with a filler that does not allow its use as a drug should not be considered as a narcotic drug.
According to the 1961 Convention on Narcotic Drugs (hereinafter referred to as Convention 61), parts of the cut opium poppy plant (so-called poppy straw) ARE NOT a narcotic drug.
Moreover, the parties to Convention 61, knowing that a significant part of narcotic drugs are medicines, clearly indicated that only drugs included in Schedule I of Convention 61 are recognized as narcotic drugs, and drugs with a lower percentage of narcotic substances are not classified as narcotic drugs and are included in other Lists of Convention 61.
But in the fight against the drug threat, our country is ahead of the rest, and therefore poppy straw - parts of the cut opium poppy plant - is included in our List I of narcotic drugs prohibited for circulation. This created a stalemate that practically banned, contrary to the law, poppy cultivation in Russia, since poppy cultivation always produces poppy straw, which is prohibited by law. Hence, the actual ban on the circulation of food poppy in the territory of the Russian Federation in any form of such a turnover. Hence the numerous criminal cases against food poppy sellers.
Within the framework of the Federal Target Program "Comprehensive measures to combat drug abuse and illicit trafficking for 2002-2009", the Penza Research Institute of Agriculture created the first in Russia varieties of oilseed poppy with a low content of narcotic active alkaloids "Sail" (the content of morphine in boxes is less than 0.15%) and "Zhemchug" (the content of morphine in boxes is less than 0.1%). These varieties were recognized as conditionally drug-free, included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for cultivation in the territory of the Russian Federation. But they did not dare to cultivate, because they considered that a formal obstacle to this is the lack of a direct permit for the cultivation of poppy in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 460 dated July 20, 2007 " On the establishment of varieties of drug-containing plants permitted for cultivation for industrial purposes, requirements for such varieties and conditions for their cultivation
» .
And then the Penza Research Institute of Agriculture and the Russian Agricultural Academy came up with a legislative initiative to introduce such changes to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 460, which would allow the cultivation of oilseed poppy in our country and put an end to Russia's dependence on imports of foreign products. I was one of the authors of the draft amendments.
The initiative was positively received by the Ministry of Agriculture. It was approved in the media by the head of the anti-drug committee of the Russian Federation and at the same time the director of the Federal Drug Control Service Viktor Ivanov.
At the time of the events described in the Russian Federation, there was no regulatory act prohibiting the content of drug impurities natural for the poppy plant in poppy seeds and food poppy. However, GOST R 52533-2006 Food Poppy. Specifications”, which is not a mandatory normative act, did not allow the presence of weedy organic impurities, including poppy straw, and also contained a ban on the presence of narcotic drugs in food poppy that did not enter into force. This was not only a formal basis for the persecution of "grocers", but also prevented the revival of their own production of food poppy.
In the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia in 2012, a working group was established to prepare regulations and other documents regulating the use of oil poppy and hemp in the food and processing industry. I was also included in it. In 2013, GOST R 52533-2006 was brought into line with the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union, and impossible requirements were excluded from it to prevent the content of narcotic drugs in poppy seeds. A draft amendment to Government Decree No. 460 was also prepared. It was published on the website of the Government, but has not been approved to date. The likely reason is the disagreement between the positions of the Federal Drug Control Service and the Ministry of Agriculture.
So is it possible to grow poppies in Russia? De jure - you can! De facto - no!
Poppy, of course, is an extremely beautiful plant that has already managed to win the hearts of many. At first glance, the question of whether you can grow poppies in your garden area sounds ridiculous. It would seem that an ordinary flower, what is forbidden here? However, if you decide to grow poppies in your garden, remember that they are used to make drugs. Consequently, certain types of poppy are prohibited from planting.
For the cultivation of this, at first glance, a beautiful and harmless flower, you can get a fine. And no matter how much you will grow, even one bed is already enough. But if its crops reach the size of a plantation, then you can even get a prison sentence of up to eight years. Therefore, with poppies, you should be extremely careful and bypass some varieties.
What varieties should never be planted
Most varieties can be safely used to decorate a garden plot. But there are also those that are not allowed:
- oriental poppy (alas, the most beautiful representative of poppies, but you can get a term for it);
- soporific poppy;
- bristle-bearing.
Dangerous and prohibited varieties are easily identified. If the seed box is large, then immediately destroy the crops of such a plant. Tiny no one cares.
Which poppies are suitable for growing
The number of safe varieties far exceeds those for which they can be held liable. The most beautiful among them will be:
- samoseyka;
- poppy modified;
- peacock;
- hollow stem.
The first, self-seed poppy, is perhaps the most famous of all those listed in the article. In addition, it is a perennial, and therefore will delight you with its red color year after year.
Less common are the second and third grades. They, alas, are only annuals, but they bloom incredibly beautifully. However, they can be propagated by seeds.
Poppy is a traditional decoration of flower beds in cottages and household plots. Let's try to figure out how the purchase of even one bag of seeds of this beautiful flower can end up with a respectable amateur grower. Suppose that he knows about drugs and the State Drug Control Service only from the mass media.
There is Law No. 454 "On the Prohibition of Cultivation on the Territory of the Russian Federation of Plants Containing Narcotic Substances." An amateur florist should pay attention to the fact that not only opium is prohibited, but also "other types of poppy containing narcotic substances." Our law-abiding amateur flower grower is afraid of even the mention of any drugs. And he is not going to grow any muck on his site. He only carefully looks after a beautiful flower, shows it to his guests and neighbors. It was from them that the amateur florist learned that his favorite plant is called oriental poppy, which cannot be grown. It turns out that oriental poppy contains oripavin. This substance is included in the list of psychotropic and narcotic substances, as it "has the potential for drug addiction." Moreover, oripavin is very toxic, so it is not used in medicine as an anesthetic. Oriental poppy cannot be grown.
What threatens the innocent interest of our grower in this type of poppy? We read the article of the Criminal Code 231 "Illegal cultivation of plants containing narcotic substances prohibited for cultivation." It is important to the Standing Committee on Narcotics Control how much poppy is grown. If twenty or more poppy plants grow on the site, then this is already a large and especially large size. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the number of plants of opium, oilseed and other types of poppy is calculated regardless of the development phase. Does this mean that, if desired, seedlings can also be considered separate plants? So, according to this article, a harmless passion for growing flowers can result in a large fine (up to three hundred thousand rubles), or imprisonment for a term of three to eight years. Unlucky for our amateur grower. It would be better if he planted daisies.
In 2010, the law "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on the Cultivation of Plants Containing Narcotic Drugs or Psychotropic Substances or Their Precursors" was adopted. Precursors are substances that are used in the production, manufacture or processing of drugs and psychotropic substances. The law corrects the amount of punishment for an individual, leaving a high probability of arrest for up to 15 days.
It's time to delve into botany. The genus Papaver includes more than a hundred species of poppy. How to understand which of them contain narcotic or psychotropic substances? Experts warn that it is strictly forbidden to grow “sleeping poppy” (Papaver somniferum), bristle-bearing poppy (Papaver setigerum), bract poppy (Papaver bracteatum) and oriental poppy (Papaver orientale). All dangerous poppy species have large seed pods. The last one on the list is exactly the species beloved by many flower growers - the oriental poppy. Remember, his seed pods are really large. For the cultivation of oriental poppy, a punishment is due. And for “other species”, if it is not possible to prove the complete absence of narcotic and psychotropic substances in them.
Well, have you lost the desire to buy a new bag of decorative poppy seeds?
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