How beautiful to paint the walls with water-based emulsion. How to paint walls with water-based paint: from selection to application

This manual describes in detail one of the simplest ways to repair indoors - painting walls and ceilings with water-based paint. The question of how to properly prepare surfaces before painting is considered separately. The quality of the preliminary work significantly affects the durability of the decorative coating.

Foundation preparation procedure

The preparatory stage takes much longer than the application of a water-based composition. The only exception is when you need to quickly refresh a slightly worn layer of silicate or acrylic wall paint in the same color.

Before painting the surfaces of the ceilings and walls of the room, perform the following preparatory operations:

• remove or cover the remaining furniture with polyethylene, free the room from small things;
• clean the walls of old coatings;
• level the surfaces - close the cracks and remove the bumps, if any;
• apply a coat of primer.

Advice. If there is bulky furniture in the room that is difficult to move, move it closer to the middle of the room.

Removal of old coatings

For the production of these works, you will need a standard set of painting and plastering tools: various spatulas, a trowel, a roller and a brush-brush. The technology for clearing walls depends on the type of coating to be removed:

When it is necessary to repaint a room in a different color according to the old water-based coating, carefully examine its condition. If the paint layer is firmly held, there are no visible cracks and chips anywhere, it is allowed not to clear the walls. But such situations are rare - usually the old layer cracks, peels off in the corners and near the radiators.

After clearing, remove and take out construction debris in order to get rid of excess dust. If you had to beat off unusable tiles in the bathroom or kitchen, then lay a new tile before you prime and paint the walls.

Leveling and priming

Painting with “water emulsion” on cracked cement plaster is unacceptable - defects will definitely appear on the decorative coating. The best option is to re-plaster the wall, after knocking down the old layer. The operation is time-consuming, but it allows you to embody original ideas in the design of rooms - to apply relief or textured plaster, guided by.

The technology for sealing small defects is as follows:

Note. Seal large grooves between wall and ceiling slabs with polyurethane mounting foam and gypsum plaster, as described.

Applying water-based paint directly on cement plaster is not the best solution. The rough structure will show through a thin finish layer. Therefore, before painting the wall, it is recommended to level it with gypsum putty up to 3 mm thick, adhering to the algorithm:

After the putty has hardened, grout with a special mesh attached to a plastic trowel. Gently dust off with a slightly damp cloth and prime the entire surface again. Don't forget to wash your instrument when you're done.

Grouting dried putty

Decor options

The simplest and cheapest coloring option is to make all planes plain. The solution is appropriate in various technical rooms, but it is absolutely not acceptable for living rooms. You can ennoble the bedroom, living room or hallway in the following ways:

There are more complex ways of decorating - creating a pattern that imitates a cut of a tree, manually transferring a pattern using a shadow, and so on. More details about decor ideas are described in and on the video:

Coloring technology

All water-based wall paint is initially white and has a thick consistency. Before use, the composition must be prepared - tinted in the desired shade and diluted with water to the required degree. Here are some tips on how to do it right:

Note. The dilution of the "water emulsion" under the spray gun is carried out individually. The quality of the paving depends on the type of sprayer, compressor pressure and your experience. To be sure, make a test application somewhere in the lower corner, closed by furniture.

Immediately before painting, cover with plastic wrap the surfaces adjacent to the walls - floors with plinths, window slopes and ceiling moldings (if necessary). Subsequently, washing the paint is much more difficult.

Now about how to paint the walls:

Advice. After painting the walls for the first time, carefully examine the result for light or dark spots. They will have to be removed during the re-application process. See the video for the roller painting technique:

Depending on the color of the base and your skills, you need to paint the walls 2 to 4 times. The task is to carefully roll up dark (or light) stripes and spots. At the end, when the last layer of water-based paint dries, apply the selected pattern through the stencil.

Is it possible to put water-based paint on top of oil

Pentaphthalic enamels (designation - PF), colloquially called oil, are distinguished by a high degree of adhesion and a glossy surface after drying. Hence 2 difficulties: it is difficult to tear off the old paint and it is difficult to cover it with a water-based composition - it simply flows down on a smooth base.

The ideal option is to get rid of the pentaphthalic base by removing it mechanically - with spatulas, a drill or a grinder with a brush (ruff), a grinder. If this is not possible, use one of the proven methods:

Finally, in a technical or utility room, the walls can be whitewashed with a vacuum cleaner. Lime and chalk, diluted with water, lays down on oil paint without any problems.

Conclusion

Due to their practicality, water-based paints are widely used. It is not difficult to apply them, but it is necessary to distinguish between compositions intended for indoor and outdoor use. The only building in the house that is undesirable to decorate with water-based paint is a brick oven. For heating surfaces, it is better to use silicone enamel of the KO series.

To know how To to paint walls with water-based paint, you need to familiarize yourself not only with the technology of its application, but also with the procedure for preparing the surfaces to be decorated for it. If you strictly follow all the rules, then you can make sure by your own example that there is nothing super complicated in this process.

Despite to appear on In the market of numerous innovative wall painting has been and remains the most relevant for modern office space, and for living rooms in apartments and private houses.

Water-based paint is attractive because it is water-based and does not emit an unpleasant odor when painted. At the same time, it is distinguished by excellent decorative effect - as a result of staining, a pleasant soft matte surface texture is obtained. In addition, using this type of paint, you can create various patterns on the walls that imitate relief, or you can come up with a special texture using auxiliary elements for this. Typically, this method is used in cases where the wall has irregularities, and there is no way to fix them. An ideal even painting is obtained if the wall is well cleaned and leveled, so all work begins with the preparation of the walls.

Before proceeding with any work related to painting, it is necessary to prepare the working area, as well as tools and accessories, including protective equipment.

Tools and materials for work

To carry out the work, you need to prepare the following tools:

• A construction mixer, but in this case, an ordinary drill with a mixing nozzle may well be enough. This will be enough to mix the paint.

• Paint tray - for the convenience of dipping the roller in paint and in order to maximize material savings.

• Roller with a pile of medium length and a long handle - for the convenience of painting walls under the ceiling without the use of additional ladders or goats.

The main tools of the painter - rollers, brushes

• Brushes of different widths - for applying paint in places inaccessible to the roller.

Grater - a tool for leveling the surface of the wall

• Grater for cleaning the walls from the old coating and polishing them.
• Spatulas, brushes or a hard sponge - for cleaning surfaces.
• Wide spatula for leveling walls with putty.

• If the paint will be applied either with a relief pattern or its imitation, then additional tools or home-made elements will be needed to help create the desired texture.

Wall painting materials

It is necessary to prepare in advance and materials, without which it is impossible to do when painting:

The main material is high-quality water-based paint

• Water based paint. It can immediately have a certain color or be white. In the latter case, you will need a dye that will allow you to choose the desired shade for the paint. It is recommended to mix it yourself, as it becomes possible to paint the walls in a slightly different tone. For example, the walls in which window blocks are installed are less illuminated than other surfaces in the room, so you can prepare a paint tone lighter for them.

• Dye of the selected color.

• Wall primer that will prevent mold stains on the walls and create conditions for good adhesion of paint to surfaces.
• Sandpaper for cleaning and polishing the surface.
• Putty, rough - for repairs and finishing - for the final alignment of the walls.
• Polyethylene film - to protect surfaces that will not be painted from accidental splashes of paint.

• Masking tape-adhesive tape, for fixing the protective film on walls and floors, for fencing painting areas - if necessary.
• In addition, you need to prepare working clothes and means of protecting the skin and respiratory organs - this is a suitable suit, a respirator or mask, rubber and fabric gloves.

On the choice of paint, or rather, on the criteria that predetermine it when buying, one should dwell in more detail.

Paint selection options

Water emulsion is not at all the same - you need to be able to choose it

Water-based and water-dispersion paints are, perhaps, the best option for decorative painting of wall and ceiling surfaces in residential premises. This is due to a number of positive qualities of such compositions:

• Such paint is an environmentally friendly product that does not harm human health.
• When working with these paints, there is no sharp unpleasant smell in the room, so work can be carried out even with the windows closed.
• Water-based compositions give a smooth matte surface - a wide scope opens up for the implementation of a wide variety of design projects.
• The sufficiently high moisture permeability of the paint allows it to be used for decorating walls in rooms with high humidity, if the surface is properly prepared.

The most in demand are aqueous emulsions, which are made using acrylic resins. They provide the paint with maximum elasticity and strength, but such compounds have a rather significant cost. Therefore, you can choose compositions that are affordable, but also include acrylic components - these are vinyl acrylic and styrene-acrylic paints.

Find out which paint is better, looking for the right answer from our article.

If the paint contains latex, then after drying the surface acquires water-repellent properties. Such a coating can withstand about a thousand wash cycles.

The water-dispersion version of the paint is somewhat different from the water emulsion. This primarily concerns the main components, which include styrene copolymers, polyacrylates, as well as polyvinyl acetates. These components do not dissolve in water. When applying paint to a surface as it drying out water evaporates, and polymerization of insoluble components occurs on the wall with the formation of a coloring film.

Pigments are included in both aqueous paint compositions - titanium dioxide or zinc oxide are most often used in this capacity - they are introduced to obtain a perfectly white color. In inexpensive paint formulations, instead of these coloring pigments, a chalk component is added, which, in addition, acts as a filler.

When purchasing coloring compounds, you need to pay attention to their characteristics, such as drying time, emulsion viscosity, its consumption, shelf life, storage conditions, specific gravity and others.

• The drying time of the applied paint is from 2.5 to 24 hours, and this parameter depends on the humidity and temperature in the room. Ideal conditions for painting work: the temperature of the surfaces to be painted is + 18 ÷ 20 degrees, the relative humidity of the air is -60-65%.
• The viscosity of the composition is an indicator of the degree of dilution with water. A similar parameter is measured with a viscometer. The simplest viscometer is a funnel of a strictly defined volume with a calibrated drain hole. And the viscosity index is measured in seconds - how long does it take for all the paint to completely flow out. Such a device is often available to professional painters, fortunately, it is inexpensive. But data on the viscosity of the composition must be indicated on the packaging. Usually, for applying paint with a roller or brush, a viscosity of 45-50 s is required, and when using a spray gun, not more than 20-25 s.
• Paint consumption per square meter of area, covered in one layer, is 170 ÷ 200 ml. This parameter depends on the surface on which the paint is applied - its friability and absorbency.
• The shelf life of water-based paint is almost always two years from the date of issue, subject to proper storage conditions. These conditions include the temperature of the room, which should not be negative, but the overheating of paintwork materials should not be allowed - the paint should be stored in a cool room with an even temperature
• The specific gravity of one liter of paint is approximately 1.3 kg.

The main technical characteristics of aqueous emulsions, established by GOST, are given in the following table.

Name of indicator	VD-VA-224	VD-AK-111	VD-AK-111r	VD-KCh-183
paint pH	6,8 - 8,2	8,0 - 9,0	7,5 - 9,5	from 8.0
Residual mass of non-volatile substances, %	53 - 59	52 - 57	47 - 52	52 - 57
Covering ability of the dried film, g/m 2	120	100	80	120
Frost resistance of the composition, number of cycles	5	5	5	5
Static water resistance, at a temperature of (20 ± 2) °С, hours	12	24	24	24
Degree of abrasion, microns	30	60	60	60
Drying time (20 ± 2) °С, hours	1	1	1	1
Conditional light fastness, %	-	5	5	5

Water-based compositions are easily applied to the prepared surface, but they cannot be used to paint walls previously covered with oil paint, or a glossy surface. On the walls, previously covered with an aqueous emulsion, paint made on any basis will fall.

Water-based paint can, in principle, be applied to any surface other than metal, as it can provoke corrosion processes.

Prices for ceiling and wall paint

Ceiling and wall paint

Surface preparation

Since the surface of the walls is almost never perfectly even, and besides, most often there is already some kind of surface on it, it must first be brought into the proper condition, suitable for painting.

Before starting work on floors and other surfaces that will not be cleaned and painted, a polyethylene film is laid. It must be fixed to the skirting boards with masking tape. By applying this method of protection, you can subsequently save yourself from T intensive cleaning and keep the decorative flooring in its original condition.

Wall cleaning

• First you need to remove the old decorative coating from the walls. This process can be carried out with a stiff brush or sponge if the wall, for example, has been covered with whitewash.

The surface is moistened with water, the remains of whitewash are cleaned with spatulas, brushes, and if it gets wet easily, then it is simply washed off using a sponge and a soft cloth.

• If the surface is painted with oil paint, then it can be cleaned with a building hair dryer - this is a long and laborious process, especially if the wall is thinly painted. You can go in other ways, for example, in such a situation there are two ways out - or make notches on them and re-plaster them, creating a smooth surface.

If there are many layers of paint on the wall, and in some places it began to move away, then you will have to clean it off by heating it with a hairdryer and picking it up with a spatula or scraper.

Crack sealing

• After cleaning the walls, it is necessary to conduct the most thorough inspection of them to detect cracks or unstable areas. If they are not repaired before puttying and painting, then they will definitely appear on an already updated wall.

• The detected cracks need to be expanded so that the repair compound penetrates as deep as possible into the thickness of the wall.

• Cracks are expanded with a spatula or grinder with a circle over the stone. Then they are thoroughly cleaned, covered with a deep penetration primer and left to dry for the time specified in the instructions (usually from 4 to 6 hours).
• After drying, the cracks are sealed with putty or one of the polymeric materials, for example, silicone sealant or "liquid nails".
• Closing the cracks, you need to try to remove from the surface of the wall all excess material so that the “patch” is flush with wall surface.
• After complete drying of the repair composition, all walls primed and dry out. If the wall is not smooth enough, then it is leveled, which can be purchased in a pasty state or in a dry mix.

Wall puttying

Whatever putty is used to level the walls, it must be well prepared and brought to the desired consistency. A drill with a mixer nozzle will help with this. The resulting mass must be completely homogeneous, otherwise it will not make the surface smooth.

• Prepared composition is taken from the bucket with a medium-sized spatula or trowel and spread on the edge of a wide spatula. With its help, the leveling mass is applied to the wall with smooth movements. The material can be applied to the surface from the ceiling, floor or corner, the main thing is that the mixture should be distributed in an even layer. All stripes and other flaws remaining from the corners of the tool are immediately smoothed out.

• After the walls are plastered, they are left to dry. This process etc it will go away quickly enough, since the layer of material should be very small, only 2 ÷ 3 mm.

• If the putty lay down successfully, the next step will be to grout it with a grater. If necessary, a second, finishing layer can be applied on top of the first layer, and after drying, proceed to the final grout.
• Grouting is done with light circular movements counterclockwise until the surface is perfectly even.
• After completing these works and achieving the desired result, it would be nice to vacuum the walls thoroughly from putty dust, but so as not to leave accidental scratches with the brush of the vacuum cleaner.

• Next, it is applied to all prepared surfaces, which must be given 5 ÷ 6 hours for complete absorption into the walls and drying. The primer may be white or transparent. It is best to apply it with a roller, but it can also be applied with a wide brush, especially in hard-to-reach areas (at corners or in places where pipes pass, etc.)

Then you can proceed to the preparation of the paint.

Prices for mixtures for leveling walls and ceilings

Mixtures for leveling walls and ceilings

Paint preparation and color selection

One of the tricky parts is choosing the right color.

When you open a can of paint, you can see that its consistency is usually quite thick. The composition of such a viscosity is well suited for creating relief, but for painting it is still thick. Therefore, after intensive mixing of the emulsion, it can be slightly diluted with water to the desired state.

• Water is added in very small amounts to prevent over-dilution to a condition unsuitable for painting vertical surfaces.
• Using different colors and shades of water emulsion, you can create amazing room interiors. However, in order to realize what was conceived, you will have to “conjure” over white paint by adding the selected color to it, and the more it is added, the brighter the paint will turn out.

Color is added gradually, and after each addition, the paint is thoroughly mixed.

• In order to get the same color for all surfaces of the room, you need to immediately determine how much color is added to each can or to a bucket of paint of a strictly defined volume. And even better - prepare at once such an amount of paint of the desired color, which is enough for all surfaces of the room.

The only retreat that is recommended is to cover the wall on which the window is located with a coloring composition one or two tones lighter than the other three walls. This combination will visually expand the space of the room.

• It would be nice to leave some of the made paint in reserve, so that if the walls are worn in some places, they can be brought back to their proper form. Preparing exactly the same color later is a very difficult task.
• If, according to the project, several colors of paint will be used in the room, then masking tape is indispensable. It highlights a separate part of the wall, which is painted in one color. After the final drying of this area, the tape is glued on the other side of the border, and the second selected color is applied next to it, and so on. In this way, even quite complex mosaic patterns are performed.

Video: tips for tinting water-based paint

wall painting

• Water-based paint is applied in two to three layers, depending on the degree of absorption of the surface. To reduce this absorption capacity, the walls need to be very well prime, as already mentioned above.

• in a small amount it is poured into a clean tray, from which it is convenient to pick it up both with a brush and a roller. In addition, the ribbed surface of this paint bath helps to save material, as it is perfectly squeezed out of excess paint taken on a roller or brush.
• The roller is dipped in paint and scrolled in it so that its entire “fur coat” is saturated with the composition evenly. The first stroke with a roller is best done on a sheet of cardboard. If it will be seen that the roller is well impregnated, then you can install a long handle into it and start painting over the wall, starting from the top. The smudges formed in this case, which fell on the unpainted bottom of the wall, in the process of work will be compared and rolled out with a roller.

Large areas are covered with a roller, and corners or places inaccessible to its penetration are painted with a brush.

• Wall painting should be carried out in two or three layers, always after each of them has dried - only then will a uniform paint coating be obtained.
• During the drying of the coating, it is necessary to protect the room from the occurrence of drafts, as they can spoil the evenness of the color of the walls, due to the fact that the areas will dry out unevenly under such conditions.
• On a flat and dry surface of painted walls, often through a stencil or with a special nozzle on a roller, drawings of a different color of paint can be applied. With this decor, you can revive a boring plain wall.

An interesting surface texture can also be given with the help of the simplest devices - sponges, home-made rollers, crumpled polyethylene, etc.

• Another option for creating a visual texture it can be applying paint of a different tone to a dried surface with a sponge, compressed plastic wrap, or other home-made devices.

- The first layer of textured surface coating is made with the base color. Such a layer should paint over the entire plane perfectly evenly. In this case, you can use a spray gun to cover the main layer - it will help the paint penetrate into all the deepest places in the relief.

- Further, paint is taken two or three tones lighter than the base color, and preferably a much thicker consistency. It is typed on a clean roller, which, without pressure, is carried out only on the top layer of the textured pattern. This must be done very carefully, as you can ruin the first base layer and have to make laborious adjustments.

Video: an interesting technique for applying a textured pattern

When choosing a textured type of staining, you need to take into account that almost twice as much paint will be required, since the top textured or top layers will be applied with a thick, undiluted paint composition.

The work of painting the walls can be called creative, since with the help of water-based compositions you can create works of art - you just have to turn on your imagination and imagine the room in the final version.

If there are no ideas, then you just need to choose a color that will suit all the residents of the house, and get to work. It is not difficult to paint a finished painting, the main thing is to make the walls smooth, but this — enough labour intensive process . The creative part of decorating the room will be easy, as things will go to completion and receive an updated, self-created interior.

Video: how to paint walls with water-based paint

Painting walls with water-based paint opens up a huge selection of surface textures, colors and unusual ornaments for the performer. The use of different tools and a variety of coloring options make it possible to create unique and original elements in the design.

Varieties of water-based paints

Types and palette of paint and varnish coatings.

For decoration, oil paints are used less and less because of their fragility, vapor impermeability, toxicity and other not very beneficial properties.

Water-based paint has a number of main advantages:

1. non-toxic and does not have an unpleasant odor (no need to leave the room);
2. dries quickly;
3. ease of application;
4. wide range of colors - you can give any color by adding special pigments to the base color.

Water emulsions are polymer dyes based on a water emulsion, which contain various targeted additives that increase hydrophobicity, elasticity, strength, adhesion and other properties. Depending on the type of additives used, the following varieties are distinguished:

• mineral - used for painting ceilings and concrete, which are subjected to constant moisture. Enamel contains cement and quicklime. The demand for them has decreased significantly, due to the appearance of "water emulsion" with better characteristics.
• Acrylic - most high-quality and expensive composition. To increase elasticity, the composition contains latex additives. It has almost no flaws - the enamel fits perfectly on foam and aerated concrete, glass, brick, stone, concrete, primed metal, plaster and wood. Not afraid of water and wear-resistant. Manufacturers guarantee 8000 washes.
• Silicone – “saturated” with silicone resins. This composition makes it possible to use silicone enamels. It fills all the irregularities (up to 2 mm). After drying, a strong film appears, which has t water repellency.
• silicate - an emulsion of liquid glass with multi-colored pigments. It has good weather resistance, vapor permeability and long service life. Often used for painting concrete, brick and plaster. The silicate composition is undesirable for use in rooms with high humidity.

Shade combination

To enlarge, click on the picture.

Having dealt with the views, you can proceed to consider ideas on how to make an original design.

Raise visually the ceiling allows the application vertical stripes. The color scheme is formed in different ways: it is possible, the alternation of close scales or a contrasting combination. Painting is done to the full height or half, when the second part b is monophonic. Application steps:

• first, using a laser level, marking is performed;
• one color is applied;
• after drying, the separation lines are closed with adhesive tape;
• painting with a different color;
• masking tape is removed.

horizontal stripes. This approach allows expand space. When it is planned to apply stripes, then this must be done on one part. As a rule, they use the decoration method in the form of one accent horizontal strip, where children's drawings, photos or paintings are later placed.

The lower part is processed with darker colors, the upper one with light ones. A non-standard approach can help prevent association with the hospital: the selection of actual colors, site relocation demarcation from the center is much lower or higher.

Treatment of the main zone with a bright color, and others with a calmer color scheme. As a rule, attention is focused on what is opposite the doorway.

Color inserts. There are several options - after creating the main background, a square or rectangle is marked, its painting is done in a darker color. The contours of the lines are formed by molding or other types of decorative strips. As a rule, decor items are placed on this site - paintings, watches, photos or sconces. Solutions look good when a wall with a niche or ledge made in two colors water emulsion.

An unusual design will help create several more painting options:

• Apply several horizontal stripes of various colors, which are intertwined randomly with each other.
• In one area, make a vertical gradient or paint four walls with a water-based emulsion with slight shades.
• Decoration of the accent part with identical rhombuses.

Attention: When choosing shades, you need to focus on combining only cold or warm colors.

drawing

Texture can be created with a rag.

If there's Creative skills, you can create your own drawing. If there are no artistic talents, then stencils can come to the rescue, which you can buy ready-made or do it yourself. There are simple stencils in which one color scheme is involved or combined, in which case the processing is performed using several shades.

Before you paint the stencil, you need to fix it, there is a sticky base in the finished product, the homemade stencil is fixed with tape.

Creating a texture using a water emulsion and tools

Painting with a textured pattern can be of two types: due to the peculiar application of a water-based emulsion directly or using special devices.

The easiest trick is to create splashes:

• first you need to apply the background;
• after the base layer has completely dried, an emulsion of a lighter or darker shade is collected on a brush or brush, splashes are obtained when hitting a stick;
• for even distribution, it is best to first practice on a separate part;
• the simultaneous combination of several shades of splashes looks original.

As we can see, the application of texture with paint can be done using completely different devices.

Coloring with a texture roller does not require great professional skills. If there is no ready-made fixture, then the usual one can be easily converted into a textured one. Why is it necessary to wrap it with a film and cut it in a chaotic mess.

During the application of the texture with the help of an emulsion, all defects are successfully masked, this is the main advantage of this method. Disadvantages - the high cost of the material and the complexity of cleaning.

Manufacturers to choose from represent several varieties of invoices:

• Granite water emulsion contains bubbles of acrylic paint. While working from a spray bottle, the bubbles burst and spread, creating an imitation of granite.
• Nacre. The surface is like silk. Viewing angle and lighting affect color perception. Using it will contribute to the visual increase in space.
• Velvet, thanks to special particles, creates the effect of soft velor.

As you can see, there are a lot of options for unusual decorative design. Choose the way you like, practice on a small surface and go for it. Creation of original design is in your hands.

Photo gallery

How to paint a wall

Choice of tools: brushes and rollers

Basic kit for painting vertical surfaces.

The quality of staining greatly depends on the choice of tools. The most commonly used rollers and brushes. The roller can ensure the even distribution of the emulsion. Brushes should be used in areas such as edges and seams. The sponge is used to create decorative effects.

• For uneven and textured surfaces, it is best to choose fleecy sheepskin options.
• Roller with removable coats suitable for large areas. The main rule for choosing a fur coat: the smoother the wall, the shorter the pile should be on the roller.
• Do not use a device with a foamy structure. Air bubbles may form, which later burst and leave depressions.
• Painting the upper part of the wall must be done with a tool on an elongated handle.
• For painting corners and edges, it is better to use brushes with a size of 150 and 50 mm.
• For work, it is better to choose a nylon polyester brush. Regular bristles absorb the composition and change shape, while nylon repels it and does not deform.
• A quality brush has a cone-shaped, thick, long bristle. The bristles of this brush, after bending, easily restore their shape.

For work, the following materials and tools will be needed:

• capacity;
• special ribbed pallet;
• ruler;
• putty knife;
• primer;
• putty;
• masking tape.

Training

Preparatory activities are an important part of the work. The composition is applied in a small layer, therefore the surface must be as smooth, even as possible, free from defects, chips and height differences.

Before you start, you need to carry out the following activities:

Before work, the surface must be prepared.

• If present, remove the remains of the old coating and clean. You can use soapy water for this.
• Let dry and inspect. It probably needs alignment or reconstruction. As a rule, one layer of plaster is enough to give smoothness. To remove depressions and cracks, it is advisable to choose gypsum, and for leveling - alabaster putties.
• After leveling, it must be primed. This step should not be neglected, since the primer not only improves the adhesion of materials and strengthens the base, but also reduces the consumption of the composition.
• Frees up space from foreign objects.
• Lay the floor, seal the joints with the ceiling and adjacent walls with masking tape.
• The water emulsion has a very thick consistency, so it needs to be diluted with water and stirred. For mixing, you can use an electric drill with a mixer nozzle or a simple stick. When the required consistency is reached, tinting can be done by adding the necessary pigment in the right proportion.
• When the area to be painted is very large, care must be taken that one batch is sufficient for the entire area. Re-achieve the desired shade without automatic tinting pretty hard.

Coloring

Let's describe the stages of work:

• Pour a small amount of the composition into ribbed tray.
• Dip the brush and apply to the perimeter.
• Lower the roller into the tray and let it soak well.
• Roll out on any clean surface (cardboard or board) to soak the pile.
• You can start work from anywhere, but, probably, the best option- on top of the wall. With this sequence, drips and drops will not spoil the painted areas and then roll out with a roller.
• Coloring occurs in 2-3 layers.
• Each next layer is applied when the previous one is partially dry.

If you study the technology of work very well, then you can easily transform the interior design absolutely any room. Compliance with all the features of the painting work guarantees you a high-quality and uniform coverage.

Painting walls with water-based paint remains one of the simplest and most affordable types of finishes. The variety of colors and excellent results allow it to maintain its popularity. The application technology is very simple, you can handle it yourself without the involvement of specialists. At the same time, the finished surface fits perfectly into any design, creating a modern interior.

Comparing water-based paint with other types of finishes, the following advantages can be distinguished:

• it will take about 2 hours to dry;
• contains only safe, non-toxic components;
• does not have an unpleasant odor;
• you can get any color or shade.

The main components of the paint include latex, filler, thickener and antiseptic. It can be applied with a roller, brush or spray gun. For do-it-yourself work, the viscosity of the composition should be no more than 45 s, and when using an airbrush - 25 s. Material consumption is on average up to 200 ml per m2. When choosing it in the store, you also need to pay attention to the expiration date, storage conditions. If the paint is frozen, then the structure is broken, it cannot be used.

Types of water-based paint

Despite the name “water-based paint” traditionally used by everyone, there are several types of this material. The main component by which the paint is divided into separate types is a polymer - acrylic, silicone, silicate, mineral. It affects the convenience of working with the composition, its performance characteristics.

Acrylic paint is made from acrylic resin. The latex included in it improves the hiding power of the composition, smoothes out the slightest cracks. Acrylic paint is recommended for painting surfaces exposed to water. It fits perfectly on plaster, wood, brick, glass, suitable for painting walls and ceilings. A double coat of acrylic paint can repair fairly large damage.

Using silicone resins, a silicone compound is obtained. Its purchase will be expensive, but the result will make up for the costs a hundredfold. Even one layer of it is able to eliminate cracks up to 2 mm wide. The coating has vapor permeability, does not become infected with a fungus. It can be washed without fear of spoiling.

Silicate paint is obtained from a mixture of water, pigments and liquid glass.

It creates a vapor and breathable layer, evenly applied to the base. It is distinguished by increased resistance to weathering, durability. But in damp rooms it is better not to use it.

Mineral paint is recommended for work on concrete or cement surfaces. It contains cement or slaked lime, which significantly improve its water resistance. The material is suitable for painting ceilings and walls. The disadvantages of the composition include its fragility.

Color selection

An interesting fact: when talking about a water emulsion, they always emphasize its ability to transform a room, fit into any design. The base color of the composition is white. By adding a pigment of one or more shades, the composition is given the desired shade. You can do it yourself or use a computer selection.

For tinting, you need to use a color designed for water-based emulsion. It is produced from acrylic dispersion in three formats: powder, emulsion, paste. Liquid color is considered the most convenient to use. It mixes well with the base composition, creates a homogeneous mass. The finished paint fits well on any surface - plaster, brick, wood. Advantages of ready-made colors:

• allow you to get shades that are not on sale;
• have high resistance to fading;
• easy to use by hand.

The variety of possible shades is amazing. But it should be noted that it is almost impossible to repeat the desired color combination on your own. Therefore, when doing repairs with your own hands, it is better to immediately dilute the right amount of paint. When wet and dry, the shade is slightly different. The coating will look different in different lighting, applied to a different base. Therefore, before painting the entire wall, it is better to try on an inconspicuous area. Of course, a slight variation in shade will not spoil the design of the room, but in large areas it can be noticeable.

How to mix color with paint?

When painting with your own hands, you need to properly dilute the color scheme. This should be done shortly before use. The maximum amount of color should not exceed 30 ml per 1 liter, that is, no more than 3%. A large amount of pigment can affect the quality of the paint. In order not to make a mistake with the shade, you can use this method:

• prepare 3-4 clean small containers of a known volume;
• pour paint into each and add a different number of drops of color;
• apply a strip of each type to the surface;
• choose the result you like.

Then you need to recalculate the amount of paint and drops for the desired volume. After that, you can proceed to breeding. You will need a clean container, into which no more than 20% of paint is poured. The calculated volume of color is added to it and mixed thoroughly. The finished mixture is gradually poured into the main container with paint.

Surface preparation

Before painting, the base must be freed from layers of old finishes - paint, wallpaper, whitewash. The easiest way to remove the whitewash, it is simply washed off with water. The wallpaper can be pre-wetted slightly, and then gently pry with a spatula and remove. Harder to remove old paint. It is not soaked with water, it will have to be scraped off or a special wash should be used. The surface should then be inspected for damage, mold or rust. If necessary, stains should be treated with copper sulphate.

The next step is alignment. Even small bumps or cracks under a layer of paint will take on an ugly look, spoiling the most expensive design. Therefore, they need to get rid of. Putty works great with this. Depending on the condition of the surface, only finishing or starting and finishing putties are used.

First, the surface is primed and left to dry. The starting putty contains a coarse-grained filler, so it effectively eliminates fairly large cracks and pits. The dried layer of putty is treated with a coarse-grained sandpaper. As a result, traces of a spatula and irregularities are eliminated. The coating is again covered with soil.

The finish putty is very fine in structure. It is applied in a thin layer, allowed to dry and rubbed with a fine sandpaper. To check the quality of work, use the light from the lamp. It is directed at an angle to the wall, revealing the slightest deviations. The result of the performed manipulations is an ideal surface on which the paint will lie in an even layer.

To protect parts of the walls or ceiling that will not be painted, stick a strip of masking tape on them. The same strip can be glued along the floor. At the end of the work, it is easily removed, and the surface under it remains clean. If you need to close a large area, then you can use a strip of polyethylene, securing it with tape.

Foundation stage

For work you will need:

• regular brush for painting corners and joints;
• narrow brush for correcting hard-to-reach places;
• roller with a long pile;
• special bath with a ribbed surface area.

In order for the result to please with its beauty and accuracy, it is necessary to take into account several nuances. Painting should start from the corner located on the opposite side from the entrance to the room. First, take a wide brush, moisten it in paint, wring it out slightly. A strip of 3-5 cm is made around the perimeter of the room. This will help make the joints and corners neat.

For further work, use a roller. Staining is carried out in three stages:

• apply the first strip parallel to the rays of light falling from the window, continue staining in the same direction;
• then make movements in a perpendicular direction;
• the third strip is always directed to the window, and so the staining is completed.

Each stage is performed after the previous one has dried. On average, it takes up to 12 hours. In order for the paint to be evenly distributed over the roller, they are carried out several times along the corrugated part of the bath. Roller movements on the surface can be straight or zigzag. The next strip is applied with a slight overlap on the previous one. Having finished painting, it is necessary to protect the room from drafts, direct rays of the sun. Drying should not be artificially accelerated.

How to make Venetian plaster with regular paint?

The most expensive types of finishes include Venetian plaster. It is distinguished by a complex execution technology, but the result is incomparable with anything. This design looks elegant, unusual and expensive. Using ordinary water-based paint, acrylic varnish, roller, sponge, brush and sandpaper, you can imitate a "Venetian" at an affordable price.

First, a strip by strip is covered with a layer of water-based emulsion on a previously leveled base - fiberboard, drywall, plastered brick or any other smooth surface. When the water emulsion dries, proceed to the creation of a "marble" pattern. It is preliminary recommended to work out strokes on a piece of cardboard.

To give the acrylic mixture the desired shade, color is added to it. Its color must match the color of the marble. For application, use a sponge, making light stamping movements. On a fresh acrylic base, you can make "cracks" with a solid rod. After the varnish has dried, the pattern is passed over with a soft brush, slightly shading the borders. Then they change the color of the varnish and apply it again to the base.

The finished coating must be given time to dry, then it is sanded with light movements. The resulting dust is not brushed off, but covered with a colorless varnish. Such actions are performed twice. This creates the inherent depth and brilliance of marble.

Water-based wall paint has characteristics that make it possible to achieve a high result from painting walls in an apartment. For any room, you can choose the right type of paint. For example, in rooms with high humidity, it is recommended to use acrylic water-based coatings. For painting the walls in the apartment, PVC paints are also used, suitable only for dry rooms.

There are many ways to decorate walls and ceilings, and water-based paint is so harmless and breathable that it can be used in the kitchen and in the interior of the living room. If you properly prepare the surface and mix the water-based coating with color according to the instructions, painting the walls will not be difficult even for a beginner.

Preparation before painting

You need to start the process with surface preparation. To do this, the walls in the apartment must be primed and puttied. It is impossible to apply a water-based emulsion on an uneven wall. The only exception is textured painting, but most often a simple glossy finish is used in repairs.

Make sure in advance that the paint does not leave streaks. You can check it by dipping a brush into the product. Good paint won't drip, but the quality of the brush also matters.

You only need to use a clean brush or roller. The pile should not come out or crumble. The ideal option is a fur roller. It evenly paints the surface, the product adheres well to it, and there is no lint left on the wall.

To paint the walls in the apartment with water-based paint, you will need both a roller and a brush. If desired, you can use a spray gun, but it is better for a beginner to wield a paint roller.

To prepare water-based paint you will need:

• Water;
• White water-based paint;
• Color;
• Construction mixer.

First you need to mix water with white paint and achieve a uniform consistency. For mixing, use a mixer or a special whisk, but in some situations it is permissible to mix with your own hands. The paint is absolutely harmless to the skin, so there will be no harm from getting it on your hands. But it is more convenient to use construction tools designed for mixing.

Then you need to add color to the white base. It can be any color.

When adding color, two things must be considered: the final mixture must be one-color and streak-free, and its amount cannot be less than required at one time.

It is impossible to create an identical color for coloring a second time.

Painting walls with water-based paint

After preparing the walls for painting, you can proceed to the main process. Water-based paint should be applied in two or three layers with a roller or brush. Various nozzles are sold for the roller, some of them will help to get the effect of a rough wall.

The coloring of the wallpaper in the apartment should be in three layers. For a smooth prepared wall, two applications are enough. Horizontal strokes should be alternated with vertical ones. The last coat of paint should be applied with a roller only vertically.

Water-based paint is convenient for finishing, but it must be applied very quickly, preventing the previous stroke from drying out. Photos of wall painting confirm that delay threatens with uneven color on the surface, which greatly spoils the interior. Since the room must be painted at least twice, the second run can be done only after the previous layer has completely dried.

To paint the walls with water-based paint, you need a little mixture.

To paint the walls in a small room, 10 liters of paint is enough.

You can cover the ceilings and walls throughout the apartment: in the living room, in the kitchen, in the bedroom. You can not save on the quality of finishing materials. The budget option is often spent in larger quantities, and the finishing result does not meet expectations.

Even using a roller for painting, do not ignore the brush. It will be needed when you have to paint over hard-to-reach places in the apartment. These are corners, niches, surfaces behind radiators.

Water-based paint is used to create modern interiors. There are many ways to achieve an interesting design in an apartment, but with the help of this paint it is easier to create a unique design on your own and in a short time.

Design Ideas

For interior design, you can use either one color of paint or several. The simplest design option is to paint the walls with water-based paint of the same color. This way of finishing will not look boring if you play with color and saturation of shades.

Painting surfaces in different colors decorates, but does not overload the interior. Accent design is used in the kitchen and living room to zone the space or simply dilute calm tones with a bright spot.

Unusual wall decor can be created by imitating the presence of colored panels. Coloring is carried out in several stages:

• First, the wall must be completely painted in one color;
• When the surface dries, future “panels” of various shapes should be noted on it;
• Water-based paint of a different color, better than a contrasting one, should be painted over the selected areas on top of the first layer of paint;
• After drying, you can use additional decor, emphasizing the design of colored inserts.

For interior design, the division of the wall in two different colors is also used. The junction line of two different colors is covered with planks and borders; almost any materials are suitable for decoration. With their help, you can not only decorate the interior, but also hide the results of unsuccessful painting of the walls with water-based paint.

To avoid small flaws in horizontal painting, it is recommended to use tools and fixtures that will help draw a straight line.

Striped walls are a bolder finish option. It is often used in the living room and kitchen. The children's room is also transformed by the presence of bright stripes in the interior. You can draw stripes horizontally or vertically, any colors will do.

It is better to stick with wide stripes, as narrow stripes are more difficult to apply with a roller on your own, and it will take a long time to paint. The end result of finishing with narrow stripes is not always pleasing, since they are only visible up close, and from the side the surface seems blurry.

Fancy painting ideas

There are more extravagant and modern ways of decorating the interior in an apartment. For finishing of increased complexity, you will need special skills, accurate calculations and attentiveness. For example, to paint the walls in the kitchen in a cage on your own, you will need to apply paint over the dried layer several times using a building level and masking tape.

Patchwork decor looks great in the kitchen and living room as well. Decorating the room in this way is a little easier, since the squares are large in shape, they are easy to paint using a paint roller. But before the start of finishing, preparation will still be required: in order to evenly apply water-based paint, it is necessary to mark the wall.