Pre-treatment before painting. Is it possible to apply a primer on the paint: repair rules Should the walls be primed before painting

Primers are designed to increase the adhesion (adhesion) of decorative finishes to the surface for a more durable attachment. In addition, priming reduces the absorbency of the wall, which reduces paint consumption. Further in the article are examples of step-by-step work on priming different surfaces.

Priming walls before painting

The priming process precedes painting and is an important preparatory step for wall finishing.

The solution is intended to protect, strengthen and level the surface, as well as improve the subsequent adhesion of the skin materials.

In addition, a special primer mixture can provide protection against mold or mildew.

What is a primer

Primer is the process of applying a special composition to the walls, performed before the start of finishing work. Walls are primed for painting, wallpaper, decorative plaster, ceramic tiles.

Do I need to prime before painting

The primer can be carried out with different compositions: paint, ready-made primer or concentrate, which is diluted according to the instructions. Also, solutions are marked relative to the surface to which they will be applied (wood, metal, plaster).

Water-based

Water emulsion is not the cheapest finishing material, therefore, preliminary priming of the walls will significantly save on paint consumption.

The primer applied under the water-based paint reduces the hygroscopicity of the base, which leads to a more even distribution of the paint on the surface, strengthening the coating, and increasing the wear period.

The primer under the water emulsion is applied with a brush, preferably in one layer, which should ideally cover all the unevenness of the wall, but at the same time not form uneven accumulations of soil. After complete drying of the primer-composition, which takes 5-7 hours, the water-based paint is applied in two layers.

Silicate

Silicate paints are sold dry; for coloring, the mixture must be diluted with water and used as soon as possible, until the paint has lost its properties. Therefore, a pre-primer on a silicate base is of great importance for the speed and quality of painting.

Special primers can reduce the toxicity of alkali contained in silicate paints and strengthen mineral surfaces to extend the life of the paint up to 10-15 years.

Acrylic

Priming before acrylic painting has an important feature: the composition must be applied to highly abrasive surfaces, from smooth surfaces it will gradually creep even together with the paint.

Therefore, before applying the primer, the surface of the wall must be treated with a stiff brush or coarse sandpaper in order to artificially create grooves and roughness.

In turn, the primer solution perfectly fixes the coating particles, leveling the adhesion and absorbency of the wall, which allows the acrylic paint to lie in a uniform and durable layer.

Oil

Oil paint is one of the most highly adhesive, even without a pre-primer coat. Priming increases the strength of the oil coating, making it smoother and less porous. However, often oil paint, applied without a primer-composition, itself acts as an unsurpassed material for finishing work, as it adheres well to the surface.

How to primer: popular primer options for different surfaces

Primers differ in the type of surface for which they are intended:

For wood and metal. They use alkyd and aluminum primers that have anti-corrosion properties and provide a strong adhesion of the finish to the substrate.
For concrete. Epoxy primers are best suited to resist cracking and chipping due to their high resin content. Used for subsequent painting, laying tiles, linoleum flooring.
For bricks. It is worth choosing a silicate primer, as it is the most resistant to natural influences and is suitable for the treatment of facades, balconies or bathrooms.
For polyvinyl acetate paint. The primer of the same name has a narrow specialization, allowing the paint to dry faster and better adhere to the surface.

How to prime properly

The priming process can be divided into preparatory and main stages:

During preparation it is necessary to grind the surface, remove dust, dirt, mold from it. If necessary, dictated by the instructions for the primer-composition, the wall must be degreased: for this, acetone or similar solvents are used. During the preparatory work, it is important to observe proper ventilation of the room and the temperature regime within the range of 5-25 ° C.
The main stage of priming is to dilute the required amount of the composition and apply it to the walls.

How many times

The primer is usually applied in two layers, the first of which is thicker, and the second is necessary to better strengthen the surface. At the same time, it is important to dry each layer of the primer for the time recommended on the package (usually several hours).

How to primer

Depending on the porosity, the walls can be primed with a brush or roller.

Each method has its own advantages.

The brush allows you to work on unplastered surfaces, while the roller gives a uniform layer without smudges, on which less soil is consumed.

How long can you paint

The minimum time for drying the primer must be found in the instructions for the specific composition, it usually ranges from 4 hours.

If repair work allows, then it will not be superfluous to let the primer soak for a day.

In addition, if the primer-composition was applied to plaster or putty, then the subsequent painting should be carried out only after all layers of the finish have completely dried.

Is it possible to paint without a primer

When you can

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The basis for a high-quality result of finishing work is the use of funds from one manufacturer. This helps to avoid unpredictable chemical reactions of different compounds. In addition, the product lines of one company are designed for cumulative use, which allows you to obtain the planned shade and structure of the coating.

It is imperative to comply with the principle of a stronger base in relation to the applied paint coat. This means that the primer layer must take over the functions of leveling and adhesion to the wall, and the selected paint will only have a decorative function.

Often beginners turn for professional help, who cannot determine whether a primer is needed in principle. To identify the need to use primers, professionals conduct a very simple test - you need to rub the wall with your finger: if a trace remains, then you cannot do without a primer before painting.

Priming any surface before painting is a stage that works to facilitate the course of further finishing work. Modern soil-compositions are able to strengthen the wall, protect it from destruction, cracks, chips, rust. After applying the primer, the paint layer is distributed much better, which reduces the consumption of the paint coat.

Useful video

Do I need to prime the walls before painting - answers of professional painters

In the list of specific building materials, there is a primer. Its main purpose is to increase the adhesion of the coloring agent to the plastered surface. That is why priming work is considered a prerequisite for a high-quality repair. The main thing is to correctly choose the type of primer and apply it in the required sequence.

Whether or not to prime the walls before painting depends on the type of coating. Although, according to professional painters, the primer cannot harm any finishing layer. It contains components that provide adhesion to the wall to be treated, protect it from the formation of fungi and corrosion. The primer differs from the paint in the minimum content of the coloring pigment.

The primer increases the adhesion of the paint to the surface

During the repair process, paint is applied to the following types of coatings:

Plaster is usually a lime, gypsum or cement mortar with sand. If the finishing layer is made with high quality, then it will look perfect after painting.
Putty is a plastic mass, used as a cosmetic finish, with its help they mask the defects of the plastered surfaces.
Drywall - using this material, they are used for finishing in different rooms. At the same time, in rooms with high humidity (kitchen, bathroom), the simplest and most reliable way of decorating is painting.
Old wallpaper - the process of applying a coloring agent over the wallpaper allows you to hide cracks in the rough plaster.

Now about whether it is necessary to apply a primer to the listed surfaces. Despite the fact that the water-dispersion paint lays down perfectly on the plaster or putty layer, they are still necessarily treated with an adhesive composition. Several factors explain this need:

1. The primer contains polymers that help to harden the finishing layer, exclude cracking and shedding.
2. Plaster, like putty, is too porous material, they, like a sponge, are able to absorb a lot of liquid, which means that the consumption of coloring matter increases when processing such an unprimed wall.

Some masters, in order not to prime the putty before painting, go over it with a water-dispersion dye composition, having previously diluted it with more water. This approach is acceptable, but not profitable from the point of view of economy, because the primer is much cheaper than paint. Priming before painting drywall surfaces is also performed in order to reduce paint consumption and increase the moisture resistance of the finished surface. It should be noted that drywall walls must be primed twice. The first time - immediately after the panels are installed, the second - after the putty work.

Now, with regard to the need to apply a primer over old wallpaper, in order to prepare them for painting with water-based paint. In this case, it is possible to impregnate not only the paper with the priming, but also the base to which it is glued. As a result, as the primer dries, a solid monolithic layer is formed, which, after painting, does not flake off even with fluctuations in humidity and changes in room temperatures.

Do I need to prime the walls before painting: do I need a primer

A primer is a preparatory coating before painting the walls. After priming, the paint adheres to the surface better, resulting in a perfectly even coating. However, some do not use primer, but immediately start painting. Let's find out how really necessary is the priming of the walls before painting, whether it is possible to refuse it and how to prime the surface according to all the rules.

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Pros of priming walls before painting

Is it necessary to prime the walls before painting and can you do without it? The thing is that, in general, it is possible to get by, but it is highly undesirable. Understanding the properties of a primer and the effect it can achieve will help you understand why you need to prime your walls before applying paint.

The primer strengthens the surface by penetrating deeply into its structure.
Evens out the base, fills small cracks and pores on the surface, thereby reducing paint consumption during the painting process.
When priming the wall, you cover it with a thin film, on which the paint adheres well, leaving no stains or streaks. If the primer is laid down in a thin, even layer, then the paint will also lay well.
Primer formulations are available in a variety of colors; you can select a primer to match the color of the paint to brighten it up.
For a damp room, such as a bathroom, you can purchase an antiseptic primer. It protects the walls from the formation of mold and mildew. After priming, the painted surface will be reliably protected from these troubles.
Without pre-coating, the paint can crack, and if you want to repaint it, it will lag behind the putty in the process.

Primer types

There are several types of primer that are designed for different types of surfaces:

Alkyd - for wood and metal. First of all, it is used for metal structures, since it has anti-corrosion properties. On wood and chipboard, this primer creates a protective layer that prevents the destruction of the material.
Acrylic - universal, suitable for all surfaces. It penetrates into the pores of any material: wood, plaster, putty, concrete, metal. Strengthens the base and protects it from moisture.
Epoxy - for concrete walls. Its base is epoxy resin, which increases the strength of the coating. It is used as a basis for painting, linoleum coating, gluing ceramic tiles. It is durable, it will not crack over time.
Aluminum - for wood and metal surfaces. Contains aluminum powder, which ensures reliable adhesion of the paint and varnish material to the base.
Silicate - for bricks or decorative plaster. Most often it is used for facades. Resistant to temperature changes, durable, moisture resistant. The places of its possible use in the apartment are a bathroom and a balcony or loggia.
Polyvinyl acetate - used for special types of paint. It is applied to the surface, which is then painted with polyvinyl acetate paint. Has good adhesion to various surfaces, dries very quickly.

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The primer must be selected based on the type of surface, area and manufacturer. If you need to cover a small area, then you can buy an aerosol can, it is more convenient to use.

It is worth buying funds for repairs in a hardware store, in consultation with a qualified seller. A well-known manufacturer is an additional plus, it can guarantee a good result. Please check the expiration date and appearance of the packaging before purchasing.

Base for primer

Most often, the walls are leveled with putty. Some people think that it does not need to be primed, because the putty surface is already a good preparatory layer for paint. But it has drawbacks: it can crumble, and besides, it absorbs too much of the coloring composition. The primer will strengthen the substrate and save paint.

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Wallpaper for painting does not require priming, as it is designed for the application of a coloring agent.

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Before wallpapering, the walls must be primed. The primer will provide a secure connection of this layer to the walls.

Plasterboard should be primed in two steps. First, the sheets need to be coated immediately after installation. Secondly, the final finishing with putty is also covered with primer.

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Many people wonder if each coat of paint should be primed. If you are painting the wall over an old layer, then the primer should be used with different paint colors. It creates a barrier between two layers of paint and the top layer does not show through.

How to prime the wall?

The primer technology is different for different types of soil. If you decide to apply it to walls or ceilings, see the coating instructions for your chosen primer.

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Remember that you will have to prime the walls before applying the water-based paint.

Protective mask and gloves.
Roller or brush.
Pallet.
Degreaser.

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Wear safety goggles and gloves.
Provide fresh air in the room. In this case, the temperature should be within 5-25 degrees above zero.
Sand the putty with a sandpaper.
Remove dust with a brush or cloth. Fungus and mold must be removed with a metal brush.
Degrease the surface with white spirit or acetone.

Pour a small amount of primer into the pallet.
Apply one coat to the wall with a roller or brush.
Roll the primer well along the wall to avoid puddles and drips.
Wait until it is completely dry, it can take from 4 hours to 1 day.
Apply the water emulsion in two layers.

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A primer is a necessary step before painting any thing or walls in an apartment. It strengthens the surface, protects it from destruction, rust, cracks. After this procedure, the paint adheres better and is required less.

Priming walls for painting: everything about the choice of material and its correct application

All about priming walls

At the end of the repair, I want its result to be preserved for a long time. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. Neglect of the technology of work leads to the fact that after a short time, the painted walls begin to crack, the coating peels off and falls off. To prevent this from happening, you need a competent priming of the walls before painting. Let's figure out how to do everything right.

Do I need to prime the walls before painting

Novice finishers do not always understand why preparatory work is being carried out. It seems to them that the most important thing is to level the base, then you can safely paint. In fact, this is not entirely true. Indeed, it is very important to level the coating before painting. There should be no drops, cracks and other flaws. Therefore, the first step in proper preparation is alignment. It can be done in different ways: drywall, plaster, etc.

% D0% 9D% D0% B0% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D1 % 8D% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% BF% D0% B5% 20% D1% 87% D0% B0% D1% 89% D0% B5% 20% D0% B2% D1% 81% D0% B5 % D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 8F% D1% 82% 20% D1% 84% D0% B8% D0 % BD% D0% B8% D1% 88% D0% BD% D1% 83% D1% 8E% 20% D1% 88% D0% BF% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0 % B2% D0% BA% D1% 83,% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 8F% 20% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% B1% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% B4% D0% BB% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B8.% 20% D0% A1% D0% BB% D0 % B5% D0% B4% D1% 83% D1% 8E% D1% 89% D0% B8% D0% B9% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 8F% D0% B7% D0% B0% D1 % 82% D0% B5% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B9% 20% D1% 88% D0% B0% D0% B3% 20-% 20% D1% 8D% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D0% B3% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5.% 20% D0% 9E% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 85% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0 % B8% D0% BC% D0% BE,% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 83% 20% D1% 87% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D0% B3% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% BD% D1% 82:

% D0% A3% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BF% D0% BB% D1% 8F% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BD % D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5.% 20% D0% 9E% D0% BD% 20% D1% 81% D0% B2% D1% 8F% D0% B7% D1% 8B% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% B2% 20% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20% D1% 86% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D0% B5,% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D0% B8% 20% D1% 80 % D1% 8B% D1% 85% D0% BB% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 85% D0% BD % D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8,% 20% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% B8% D1% 85% 20% D0% B1% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% BE% D1% 87% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% BC% D0% B8.% 20% D0% 9E% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0% B1% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D1% 85 % D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D1% 88% D0% BE% 20% D1% 81% 20% D1% 8D% D1% 82% D0% B8% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81 % D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% BB% D1% 8F% D1% 8E% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D1% 81% D0% BE % D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% B2% D1% 8B% 20% D0% B3% D0% BB% D1% 83% D0% B1% D0% BE% D0% BA% D0% BE % D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% BA% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5 % D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F.% 20% D0% 9 E% D0% BD% D0% B8% 20% D1% 81% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0% B1% D0% BD% D1% 8B% 20% D1% 83% D0% B3% D0% BB% D1% 83% D0% B1% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8C% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 2080-100% 20% D0% BC% D0% BC,% 20% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% B4% D0% B0% 20% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% BA% 20% D0 % BE% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D1% 87% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BF% D0% B0% D1 % 80% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8B% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BF% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% B0 % D1% 8E% D1% 82% 20% D0% B3% D0% BB% D1% 83% D0% B1% D0% B6% D0% B5% 2020-30% 20% D0% BC% D0% BC.
% D0% A3% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D1% 88% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% B3% D0% B5 % D0% B7% D0% B8% D1% 8E% 20% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% B8% 20% D1% 81% D1% 86% D0% B5% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0 % B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% BE% D1% 87% D0% BD% D0 % BE% D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BC% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B0% 20 % D0% B8% 20% D0% B1% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0 % BA% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 8F.% 20% D0% 91% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B3% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B0% D1% 80% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B9% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 83% 20% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% 20% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D1% 88% D0% B5% 20% D1% 83% D0% B4% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B6% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 85% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8, % 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 89% D0% B0% D0% B5 % D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B5% D0% B5% 20% D0% BE% D1% 82% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B5% D0 % BD% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D0% B8% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 80% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BA % D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D 0% B8% D0% B5.% 20% D0% 91% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% B5% 20% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE,% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% B4% D1% 83% D1% 8E% D1% 89% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D0% BF% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 88% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B8% 20% D0% B1% D0% B0% D0% B7% D1% 83% 20% D0% B1% D1% 83% D0% B4% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% BE% D1% 89% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B3% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BA% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B1% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B5.
% D0% A3% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 8C% D1% 88% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81 % D1% 85% D0% BE% D0% B4% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BA% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 8F.% 20% D0% 9F% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% B5% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B1% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BA% D0% B8% 20% D0% B7% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D1% 83% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 8C% D1% 88% D0% B0% D1% 8E% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B2% D0% BF% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8B% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 8E% D1% 89% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B9% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% B0% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D1% 8B.% 20% D0% 91% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B3% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B0% D1% 80% D1% 8F% 20% D1% 8D % D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 83% 20% D1% 81% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B0% 20% D0 % B4% D0% BB% D1% 8F% 20% D1% 84% D0% B8% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 88% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% BE % D1% 82% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% BA% D0% B8% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 82% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B1 % D1% 83% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 8C% D1% 88% D0% B5% 20% D0 % BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D1% 82% D1% 80 % D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 8C.

% 0A

% D0% A1% D1% 83% D1% 89% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 83% D1% 8E% D1% 82% 20% D0% BC% D0% B0 % D1% 82% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% B0% D0% BB% D1% 8B% 20% D1% 81% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0 % B1% D1% 8B% D0% BC% D0% B8% 20% D1% 81% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B9% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0 % BC% D0% B8.% 20% D0% 9E% D0% BD% D0% B8% 20% D1% 81% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0% B1% D0% BD% D1% 8B% 20% D1% 83% D0% B2% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B2% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B3% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B9% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 85% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8,% 20 % D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1 % 8C% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 8F% D0% B2% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D0% BB % D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% 20% D0% B8% 20% D1% 82.% D0% B4.

Soil types

The range of paintable wall primers is varied. By the type of basis, they can all be divided into several groups:

Acrylic. Versatile, well suited for wood, concrete, chipboard, plaster, drywall, etc. Can be used for porous coatings, dries for about 5 hours, odorless. Does not apply to metals.
Glyphthalic. The area of application is metal and wood. It dries for about a day, loses its properties in conditions of high humidity.
Alkyd. A good option for any wood. After processing, the fibers slightly swell, which significantly improves adhesion. Dries about 15 hours.
Perchlorovinyl. A universal product that is used for plaster, metal, plywood, wood, etc. Dries quickly, it takes about an hour. It is better to choose it for outdoor use due to its high toxicity.
Epoxy. Two-component agent that significantly increases the adhesion of the substrate. Used for metal and concrete.
Mineral with gypsum, cement or lime. Used for concrete or brick. Dries from three hours to a day.
Aluminum. Used for wood. Additionally, it protects it from fungal infection.

The optimal and most popular option is universal primers that are suitable for almost any material. They improve the adhesion of the substrate and strengthen it, but have no special characteristics. However, in most cases the latter is not required.

% D0% A1% D0% BF% D0% B5% D1% 86% D0% B8% D1% 84% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0 % B5% 20% D1% 85% D0% B0% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% BA% D1% 82% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0 % B8% D0% BA% D0% B8% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B2

% 0A

% D0% 95% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% B8% 20% D0% B2% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 89% D0% B5% D0 % BD% D0% B8% D0% B8% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D1% 83% D1% 81% D0% BB % D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 8F,% 20% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B7% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% BD% D0% BE,% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% B1% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20 % D0% B2% D1% 8B% D0% B1% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B9% D0% BC % D0% B5% D1% 80% 20% D1% 81% D0% BF% D0% B5% D1% 86% D0% B8% D0% B0% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% BD% D0% BE % D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 87% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F .% 20% D0% AD% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B3% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% BA% D0% B0:

% D0% 90% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 81% D0% B5% D0% BF% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0 % BA% D0% B0% D1% 8F.% 20% D0% 92% 20% D0% B5% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 83% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 83% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% B0% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 81% D0% B5% D0% BF% D1% 82% D0% B8% D0% BA, % 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D0% B9% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BF% D1 % 8F% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 83% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% B2% D0 % B8% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 8E% 20% D0% BC% D0% B8% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% B3% D0 % B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B7% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0% B2.% 20% D0% 97% D0% B0% D1% 89% D0% B8% D1% 89% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 83% 20% D0% BE% D1% 82% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 8F% D0% B2% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B3% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% B1% D0% BA% D0% B0% 20% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% B1% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8.
% D0% 92% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B3% D0% BE% D0% B7% D0% B0% D1% 89% D0% B8% D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1 % 8F.% 20% D0% 9F% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% B4% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 85% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8% 20% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BE% D1% 82% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 8E% D1% 89% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B9% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% B0,% 20% D1% 87% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20 % D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 85% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% BE% 20% D0% B2% 20% D0 % BF% D0% BE% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 89% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F% D1% 85% 20% D1% 81% 20% D0% BF % D0% BE% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% B2% D0% BB% D0% B0 % D0% B6% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8C% D1% 8E.
% D0% 93% D0% BB% D1% 83% D0% B1% D0% BE% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% BE % D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% BA% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F.% 20% D0% A3% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BF% D0% BB% D1% 8F% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D1% 85% D0% BB% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D0% B8% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F.% 20% D0% 9F% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0 % B4% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 89% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% BE% D1% 82% D1 % 81% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D0% B8% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0 % D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 80% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20 % D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0 % BE% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BA% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 8F.
% D0% 91% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% BA% D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1 % 8F% 20% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% B8% 20% D0% B0% D0% B4% D0% B3% D0% B5% D0% B7% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% BD % D0% B0% D1% 8F.% 20% D0% A3% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D1% 88% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D1% 81% D1% 86% D0% B5% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% 20% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% BE% D1% 87% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% BC.% 20% D0% 98% D1% 81% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% B7% D1% 83% D0 % B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B4% D0% BB% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% B2% D0% BF% D0% B8 % D1% 82% D1% 8B% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 8E% D1% 89% D0% B5% D0% B9% 20% D0% B3% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B4 % D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 85% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81 % D1% 82% D0% B8.

% 0A

% D0% 9D% D0% B0% 20% D1% 83% D0% BF% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% BA% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D1 % 80% D0% B5% D0% BF% D0% B0% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% B0% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 8F% D0% B7% D0 % B0% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0% B1% D1% 83% D0% B4% D1% 83% D1% 82% 20 % D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B4% D0% B0% D1% 86% D0% B8% D0% B8% 20 % D0% BF% D0% BE% 20% D0% B5% D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0 % B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8E.% 20% D0% A3% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% B0% D0% BD% D1% 8B% 20% D1% 82% D0% B8% D0% BF% D1% 8B% 20% D0% BC% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B2,% 20% D1% 81% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D0% BC% D0% B8% 20% D0 % BE% D0% BD% 20% D1% 81% D0% BE% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20 % D0% B8% 20% D1% 83% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0 % B5% D1% 81% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F.% 20% D0% 9F% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% B1% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B3% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D1% 8D% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 84% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BC% D0% B0% D1% 86% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% B9% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B8% D1% 82.% 20% D0% 95% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% B8% 20% D1% 81% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2 % D0% BE% 20% D0% BD% D1% 83% D0% B6% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% BC-% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BE% D0% BC% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B3% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BA% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B1% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B5,% 20% D1% 8D% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% B5% 20 % D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B6% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D1% 83% D0 % BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% BE.

How long does the primer dry before painting

This is a very important point affecting the quality and speed of repair work. The manufacturer always informs about the drying time of the solution. However, this is an approximate value, and almost always not a specific number is indicated, but the time interval during which the composition must be expected to solidify. This is because various factors affect the rate of hardening of the product:

Indoor humidity and temperature. The optimal ones are 60-80% humidity and + 15-20 C. In any case, you cannot ventilate the room while the soil dries. This must be done before applying it. If this rule is not followed, cracks are likely to appear.
The quality and type of base. Porous and dry surfaces dry noticeably faster. If, for some reason, it is required to speed up the drying process of the primer, the base should be degreased before applying it.
Composition of the preparation. Products with easily volatile solvents and those where solid inclusions are added harden faster.
The number and thickness of layers to be applied. With each subsequent time, the drying time of the wall increases.

It is impossible to say exactly how long the primer dries before painting. This needs to be determined visually. Wait for the time recommended by the manufacturer, then touch the primer with your hand. If moisture is felt, staining will have to be postponed.

% D0% 9A% D0% B0% D0% BA% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 81% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 82% D0% B0% D1% 82 % D1% 8C% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 85% D0% BE% D0% B4% 20% D1% 81% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D1 % 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% B0

% 0A

% D0% A7% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 8B% 20% D0% BE% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB % D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B5 % 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% BE% 20% D0% BC% D0 % B0% D1% 82% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B0,% 20% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% B4% D1% 83% D0% B5% D1% 82% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 8B.% 20% D0% 94% D0% BB% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 87% D0% B0% D0% BB % D0% B0% 20% D0% BE% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D1% 8F% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D0 % BF% D0% BB% D0% BE% D1% 89% D0% B0% D0% B4% D1% 8C,% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D1% 83% D1% 8E% 20% D1% 82% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B1% D1% 83% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B7% D0% B0% D0% B3% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8C.% 20% D0 % AD% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D1% 81% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB % D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8C,% 20% D1% 83% D0% BC% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% B8% D0% B2% 20% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D1% 81% D0% BE% D1% 82% D1% 8 3% 20% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B6% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 8B% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% B5% D0% B5% 20% D0% B4% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 83,% 20% D0% B0% 20 % D0% B7% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% B8% D0% B2% 20% D0 % BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0 % B7% D1% 83% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 82% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8B.% 20% D0% 92% D0% B0% D0% B6% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% 20% D0% B7% D0% B0% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% BE% D1% 89% D0% B0% D0% B4% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B4% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B9% 20% D0% B8% 20% D0% BE% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BD. % 20% D0% A3% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 81% 20% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B6% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0 % BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8C% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0 % BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% 20 % D0% BA% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% B4% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D1% 85% 20% D0% BC% D0% B5 % D1% 82% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B2.

% D0% A2% D0% B5% D0% BF% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BE% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% B5 % D0% BB% D1% 8F% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BC% D1% 83% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1 % 81% D1% 85% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B0% 20% D1% 81% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0 % B0.% 20% D0% 9E% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B6% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D1% 83% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D1% 83% D0% BF% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% BA% D0% B5.% 20% D0% A0% D0% B5% D0% B4 % D0% BA% D0% BE% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% B4% D0% B0% 20% D0% B2% 20% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% BA % D0% BE% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D0% B0% D0% B5% 20% D0% B1% D1% 83% D0% B4% D0 % B5% D1% 82% 20% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 8F% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% BD% D0% BE % 20% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE.% 20% D0% A7% D0% B0% D1% 89% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B7% D1% 8B% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% B1% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 88% D0% B0% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% BA% D0% B0% 20% D0% B2% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B8% D0% BD.% 20% D0% A1% D0% B2% D1% 8F% D0% B7 % D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D1% 8D % D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D1% 81% 20% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BC,% 20% D1% 87% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D1% 82% D0% B8% D0% BF% D1% 8B% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B2% D0% BF% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8B% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 8E% D1% 82% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE-% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1 % 83.% 20% D0% 97% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 8F,% 20% D1% 81% 20% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% BC % 20% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BA% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D1 % 82% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B8% D1 % 82% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B1% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8C,% 20% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D0% B1% D0% B8% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% 20% D0% B8% 20% D1% 83% D0% BC% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% B0% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D0% B5% D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 81% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% B5% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% BE% 20% D0% BA% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% B4% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2.

% D0% 9E% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BB% D1% 8F% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20 % D1% 81% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% BC % 20% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B5% D0% B2.% 20% D0% 95% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% B8% 20% D0% BD% D1% 83% D0% B6% D0% B5% D0% BD% 20% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B8% D0% BD,% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B0 % D0% BD% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% BA% D0% BE% 20% D1 % 83% D0% BC% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1 % 87% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B9% 20% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B7% D1% 83% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1 % 82% D0% B0% D1% 82% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 8D% D1% 84% D1% 84% D0% B8% D1% 86 % D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 82% 201.15,% 20% D1% 87% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 8B% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D0% B9% 20% D0% B7% D0% B0% D0% BF% D0% B0% D1% 81% 20% D0% BC% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B0.% 20% D0% 92% 20% D1% 81% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87 % D0% B0% D0% B5,% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% B4% D0% B0% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B3% D0% B0% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0% BB% D0% B0% D0% B4% D1% 8B% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B4% D0% B2% D0% B0% 20% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% B8% 20% D0% B1% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 88% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B5% D0% B2% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B9% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B0,% 20% D1% 83% D0% BC% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B6 % D0% B0% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 81% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% BD % D0% BD% D1% 83% D1% 8E% 20% D0% B2% D0% B5% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 83% 20% D0 % BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% B8% D1% 85% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82 % D0% B2% D0% BE,% 20% D0% B0% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% BC% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 8D% D1% 84% D1% 84% D0% B8% D1% 86% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 82.% 20% D0% A2 % D0% B0% D0% BA% 20% D0% BC% D1% 8B% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 83% D1% 87% D0% B0% D0% B5% D0 % BC% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE % D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% BE% 20% D0% B3% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% BD % D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% BA% D0% B8,% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% B8% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% B5% D0% BC% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BA% D1% 83% D0% BF% D0% BA% D0% B5.

Primer application technology

Before starting work, prepare the tools. Minimum set:

foam or velor roller;
brush for hard-to-reach places;
paint bath for solution;
cleaning rags.

Priming is carried out on a prepared surface. It must be leveled and well free of dust. If the base is porous, for example, a finishing putty or plaster, no additional preparation is required. Smooth surfaces such as fiberboard should preferably be sanded with a fine-grained sandpaper. This will improve the adhesion of the material. The skin is fixed on a paint float, this greatly facilitates the work.

% D0% 9A% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% B4% D0% B0% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BA% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D0% B8 % D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B3% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% BB% D0% B5% D0% BD % D0% BE,% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 83% D0% BF% D0% B0% D1% 8E% D1% 82% 20% D0% BA% 20% D0% B3% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8E.

% D0% 93% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B0 % D0% B2% 20% D0% BA% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B1% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B5,% 20% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B4% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 83% D1% 8F% D1% 81% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% BA% D1% 86% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% B9.% 20% D0% A1% D1 % 83% D1% 85% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% B8% 20% D0% BD% D1% 83% D0% B6 % D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8% 20% D0% B2% D0 % BE% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% B9.% 20% D0% 93% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D0% BA% 20% D0% B8% D1% 81% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% B7% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8E,% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 80,% 20% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% BE% D1% 8D% D0% BC% D1% 83% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 81% D0% B8% D0% BE% D0% BD% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B5,% 20% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BA% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B8% 20% D1% 85 % D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D1% 88% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 88 % D0% B0% D1% 82% D1% 8C.
% D0% 9D% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4 % D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% BE% 20% D0% B2% 20% D0% BC% D0% B0% D0% BB% D1% 8F% D1% 80% D0% BD% D1 % 8B% D0% B9% 20% D0% BB% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% BA.
% D0% 91% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% BA% 20% D0% B8,% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D0% BC% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% B2% D0% B0% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B5% D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% B2% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B9% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 80,% 20% D0% B0% D0% BA% D0 % BA% D1% 83% D1% 80% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B1% D0 % B0% D1% 82% D1% 8B% D0% B2% D0% B0% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 83.% 20% D0% 9D% D0% B5% 20% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% BB% D1% 8F% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D1% 81% D1% 83% D1% 85% D0% B8% D1% 85% 20% D0% BC% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82,% 20% D0% BD% D0% BE% 20 % D0% B8% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% 20% D0% B4% D0% BE% D0% BF% D1% 83% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B5% D0 % BC% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B2,% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B6% D0% B0% D1% 8E% D1% 82% 20% D0% BA% D0% B0% D1% 87% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% BE% 20% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B1% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BA% D0% B8.
% D0% 91% D0% B5% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D0% BA% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B8% 20 % D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% BE% D1% 85% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% B8% D0% BC% 20% D0% B5% D1% 8E% 20% D0% B2% D1 % 81% D0% B5% 20% D1% 82% D1% 80% D1% 83% D0% B4% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1 % 83% D0% BF% D0% BD% D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D1% 83% D1% 87% D0% B0% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% BA% D0% B8.

% 0A

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The primer for wood for painting is applied a little differently. The preparation process for applying it begins with the processing of knots, especially if the wood is fresh. The spatula removes the resin protruding over the knots. When it reappears, we take a thermal gun and heat up the fragment, while collecting the escaping resin. Then we grind the base with sandpaper. Then we collect all the fine dust with a cloth soaked in a solvent.

We treat all areas with knots with a special insulating agent or shellac. This will prevent the resin from leaking out. Now you need to make sure that there are no greasy spots or resin residues on the base. If found, we remove them with extraction gasoline or nitro-solvent. After that, you can start priming. It will be correct to apply the composition to the wall with a brush. Processing of wooden ceilings is carried out in the same way.

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Many owners of private houses and apartments finish interior and exterior walls on their own with their own hands without the help of specialists. Beginners are often at a loss to determine if walls need to be primed before painting with water-based paint.

The primer will help prepare the wall surface for painting.

What is a primer

A primer is a special composition that is applied as an initial layer to a surface prepared for painting to increase the adhesion properties of decorative finishes with a base coat.

As a result of processing, a reliable and durable base for applying paint is obtained. The primers do not have decorative properties, but can be tinted to facilitate tiling.

The range of soil materials in the repair and construction area is wide, their composition is different.

Most soils are made from the following elements:

Example of a primer packaging

Oils.
Adhesive component.
Pigments (iron or red lead, zinc crown).
Fillers (chalk, talc, mica).
Bitumen.
Film-forming substances (drying oils, resins).
Drying accelerators (added to some types).
Targeted supplements.

Depending on the composition and purpose of the primer there are the following types:

Acrylic. The universal product is suitable for all substrates - wood, concrete, foam concrete, chipboard, brick. It is used for walls made of glass, old and fresh plaster, but metal surfaces are not treated with it. The primer is odorless, dries quickly, 2-3 hours is enough to get a good result. The constituent component is acrylic polymers. If present in the composition of an aqueous dispersion, the soil is purchased for painting with an aqueous emulsion.
Alkyd. They are made on the basis of chromate and zinc phosphate with the addition of anticorrosive fillers, therefore the primer is often used for processing wood, tiles, fiberglass, metal. It is not suitable for decorating walls made of plasterboard and plaster. Drying time is 12-16 hours.
Mineral. Contains gypsum, cement or lime. The soil is used for processing concrete and brick walls. Drying time depends on the thickness of the applied layer and the characteristics of the basecoat, ranging from 2 to 24 hours.
Quartz. The water-dispersion base is complemented by fine-crystalline sand. The material is non-toxic, does not have solvents, and dries slowly. After drying, the sand crumbles from the treated surface. The primer is not applied to metal or plastic substrates, as well as walls that are constantly exposed to direct sunlight. The main advantage is the increased traction. The composition is well suited for facade processing, the formation of a translucent layer on the coating, processing of monolithic concrete walls.

The process of applying a primer to the wall

Do I need to primer before painting with water emulsion

Surfaces must be primed before painting with water-based paint.

This is due to the following factors:

The primer is able to protect concrete, wooden walls and plasterboard sheets for decoration from mold, rot, mildew, rust, since it contains special anti-corrosion and antifungal additives.
In the presence of small porous structures, irregularities and defects, soil particles penetrate inside, fill the space, sticking together, thereby leveling the painted surface.
When the starter layer is applied, a thin, durable film is formed that strengthens the painted coating, protects it from destruction and is able to uniformly absorb the moisture that gets in. In the process of work, the paint will be applied in even layers, without drips, streaks and stains.
The primer contains polymers. They provide good adhesion of the soil layer to the surface, exclude cracking and shedding.

If the surface is not primed, the following problems are possible:

After painting, the water-based enamel will begin to lag behind the final layer of putty, the areas will have to be putty again and dried.
The painted surface cracks and crumbles.
A large amount of paint is used for processing.

Preparing to paint the walls

Water-based paint is not considered the cheapest finish for walls, so a primer will save money.

The primer layer reduces the hygroscopicity of the surface and leads to an even distribution of paint, increased wear resistance and increased service life.

Instructions on how to prepare a wall for painting with water-based paint:

A plastic wrap is spread on the floor, sockets and switches are de-energized to avoid a short circuit when paint or moisture gets in, furniture is set aside, and protective clothing is put on.
Before applying the primer, the wall is cleaned of old wallpaper, putty, ceramic tiles, whitewash and other finishing materials. In this case, the necessary tools are used, for example, a spatula, a spray bottle with warm water, scrapers or a chisel. Some finishes will require a lot of moisture to remove, a thick-bristled roller or foam pad may be suitable for this purpose.
Close up of damage on the wall. If the crack penetrates deep into the surface, it is widened and deepened. This is done so that the repair mortar can penetrate into the space and tighten the edges. The defect is cleaned of cement or sand crumbs, dust and soaked in soil. The crack is repaired with cement mortar, gypsum mixture, polymer sealant or assembly expansion foam.
The wall is checked for spatial deviations and irregularities using a building level and a plumb line. The tools are applied to the surface and the differences are determined. If irregularities in excess of 5 mm are detected, the wall is completely leveled. Differences of 2-3 mm can be corrected by applying a thin layer of plaster or putty.
Dust is removed from the wall with a brush, the base is degreased. White spirit or acetone will do.
The primer for water-based paint is applied with a brush or roller in 1 even layer.
After processing, the wall is dried naturally within 4-7 hours.

The final stage is the application of water-based paint in 2 layers.

It seems extremely simple and straightforward. However, upon closer examination, it turns out that it has some nuances that cause a number of questions for novice craftsmen, including those related to the application of a primer.

Types of surfaces

So, before giving an answer to the main question of the article, you need to figure out what types of surfaces are generally subject to painting.

As a rule, when performing repairs, the following types of coatings are painted:

plaster - if the roughing of the wall is done with high quality, that is, it does not have pronounced deviations from the horizontal or differences in height, then painting is the simplest type of processing;

paintable wallpaper is a great way to mask minor roughing defects, for example, they can hide cracks and small irregularities;

drywall - is the main material when making false ceilings, therefore, in this case, the paint will not only give the structure a certain color, but also protect the drywall from changes in the level of humidity in the room;

Often, paint is applied to a previously painted surface, although this is incorrect, but this treatment is also practiced.

Now let's take a closer look at the features of these coatings and see if you need primer before painting walls or ceilings.

Plaster

The coating, like most putties, is well moisturized. Therefore, water-based paints, which are most often used for processing, lay on it in an even layer.

Based on this, one might think that a primer for a ceiling for painting with water-based paint is not needed in this case.

The polymer elements of the composition will strengthen the ceiling finish, so that the coating will not crumble and crumble;

Plaster is a very porous material that can absorb a large amount of liquid, including paint, and therefore the primer will significantly reduce the consumption of the coloring composition.

Most often, craftsmen use water-dispersion paint as a primer diluted with water.

On the one hand, such a solution is quite acceptable, however, it is disadvantageous from an economic point of view. The fact is that the price of a primer, which has the same properties as paint, is much lower.

Wallpaper

Structural wallpaper intended for painting is a ready-made solution, so a primer is not used in this case. It's not that it's completely forbidden, it's just not necessary.

But, before wallpapering, the surface of the walls is primed without fail, since this material is heavy and requires the most durable base. In addition, this treatment improves the adhesion between the wallpaper and the rough finish.

Rarely enough, but still practiced is the application of paint over paper wallpaper. In this case, a primer is necessary. By impregnating the paper and the base underneath, it forms a monolithic solid surface that will not peel off when the humidity level in the room or temperature changes.

Drywall

Plasterboard primer has the same goals as in the case of plaster, namely:

Surface hardening;

Reduced paint consumption.

It must be said that drywall is primed in two stages:

After mounting the sheets;

After finishing with finishing putty.

Accordingly, if the ceiling is completely filled, then its entire area is also covered with a solution.

Dye

Painting the ceiling over old paint can be divided into two different cases:

Water-based paint is applied over the old layers of "water-based";

The ceiling is covered with oil paint or nitro enamel.

In the first case, the primer should only be used if the old coating differs in color from the new one. The composition will act as a barrier between the paints, preventing the color from showing through.

Otherwise, you need to do the following with your own hands:

First you need to grind the surface so that it becomes rough;

Then apply a coat of primer.

In principle, you can do without it, but in this case, the ceiling will quickly lose its original appearance.

Attention!

When applying water-dispersion paint on other types of paint, it is best to use a primer "Betonokontakt". With its help, you can even prepare tiles for painting.

How to apply the primer

Now let's take a closer look, how to prime a ceiling or walls before painting... It should be said right away that a universal polymer primer is usually used for these purposes. It does an excellent job with the task and at the same time can be applied to almost any surface.

In addition to the primer, to perform this operation, you will also need a wide roller with a handle and a pallet for it.

Instructions for performing priming work.

1. First of all, the solution should be poured into the roller tray, which will facilitate further work.

2. Then the roller is immersed in a pallet, after which it is rolled on a special platform in a container to drain excess solution.

3. After that, the entire area of the ceiling or walls is processed with a roller. The composition is applied in a uniform layer, without drips and accumulations of liquid in individual areas. In hard-to-reach places, surface treatment can be done with a brush.

4. Then, after the surface has dried, which can take from several hours to a day, the operation is repeated again.

Attention!

Before priming the walls before painting, they should be carefully prepared - remove any dirt, dust, oil stains and other contaminants that impair adhesion.

If the base is affected by mold or mildew, then the surface must be cleaned with a metal brush.

This completes the priming process, now it remains to wait for drying, after which you can start applying paint.

Output

As we have found out, the need for a primer largely depends on the type of wall or ceiling covering.

The only thing that can be said with confidence is that in all cases, regardless of the type of coating, the soil composition will not hurt.

You can paint a car without a primer, but nothing good will come of it. The adhesive (adhesion) properties of such a compound leave much to be desired: the coating will peel off quickly. Then the body will rust, and it will have to be painted again - this time with a primer. It is applied in one or two layers. With a two-layer version, the first coating is anti-corrosion, the second is adhesive.

Is it always good to save

It has long been known that paint does not adhere to ferrous metal. Cunning technologists have come up with a way to deal with the problem. A layer of primer is applied between the paint and the car body. This intermediate layer provides the strength of the connection. On the one hand, the primer adheres tightly to the metal of the car, on the other hand, it adheres perfectly to the paint.

Ensuring adhesion of the paint layer to the body is not the only function of the primer. Many of its types perfectly protect the car from corrosion, excluding moisture penetration. Even if a crack or chip appears on the top paintwork, the primer will keep the body from rusting.

A layer of primer should be applied not only when painting pure ferrous metal, but also after repair work on the filled surface. The putty, like the pure metal of the body, does not adhere to the car paint.

The only case when you do not need to primer before painting is working on a relatively new car on the native coating to change the color. This approach is applicable to cars under 1 year old. In this case, it is enough to “rough up” the coating, that is, to process it with medium-sized emery paper. A rough, roughened surface will ensure good adhesion of the new paintwork to the old one.

Types of primers for cars, their pros and cons

At automobile factories, after welding a body made of stamped parts, priming takes place in 7 stages, including phosphating, high-temperature drying, etc. During repair work, motorists do not independently use such complex industrial technologies. The maximum that is available: warm up the applied coating with a hairdryer. Ordinary household, not professional.

Primers used for do-it-yourself repairs are of the following composition.

There are primary and secondary primers. Primary ones are applied directly to ferrous metal. It is an anti-corrosive primer that protects it from rust. The disadvantage is low adhesion. Therefore, to increase adhesion, a layer of secondary primer is applied over the primary primer - adhesion. The combination of the two layers provides anti-corrosion protection and good adhesion. A two-layer application of a primer is more difficult in technology than a single-layer one, and is more expensive.

By material, primers are divided into:

acrylic coating;
epoxy;
acidic.

Acrylic is the most common type of soil. It is used both for metal, including galvanized metal, and for work on plastic and putty. This versatile primer is widely used in body repair work. It belongs to the category of two-component. Prepare it no more than an hour before application. Complete drying has to wait from 3 to 8 hours.

The epoxy two-component primer is renowned for its excellent anti-corrosion protection on the machine. It is applied in order to prepare the surface for painting. It improves adhesion and fills in microroughnesses of the upper layer of the body and body parts. Unfortunately, epoxy takes a long time to dry. Complete drying will have to wait more than 12 hours. And to accelerate the drying process, you cannot use a heat chamber: at elevated temperatures, the epoxy can bubble and flake off.

Acid mixtures are applied in a very thin layer. They provide chemical protection against moisture and aggressive reagents. They are used as a primary primer.

Acidic mixtures require a different coat to ensure proper adhesion. In this case, epoxy cannot be used as a secondary layer. These two types of materials react and do not provide the integrity of the puff pastry.

DIY step-by-step priming instructions

When processing a car after a body repair, adhere to the following work order.

Selection of the necessary tools and protective clothing.
Surface preparation.
Applying primer layers.
Drying.
Sanding before painting.

Step 1. The set of tools required for applying the primer depends on the technology chosen. For minor body repairs, opt for the aerosol version. In this case, the primer does not require additional devices and is carried out directly through the pressure head of the cartridge.

If we are talking about a larger repair, with a significant surface of the putty, use a paint sprayer. When priming body parts such as the fender or hood, use a spray gun with a nozzle diameter of 1.3-1.4 mm. Take a tool with an overhead canister and a paint catcher. This atomizer requires an average compressor capacity at a pressure of 2.0–2.2 bar.

Wear protective goggles, respirator, suit and gloves when using spray gun. Do not forget also about masking tape and paper to protect non-paintable parts of the car. Prepare a sander, if necessary. Stock up consumables: thinner, wipes, sanding mesh.

Step 2. Preparing the work front for applying the primer involves sanding the leveled putty surface with medium-grain sandpaper. It can be processed manually or with a grinder. Achieve an even, smooth, beautiful surface. After sanding, degrease by dampening a piece of cloth with solvent. Immediately after completing this step, thoroughly wipe the work area with a dry, clean cloth.

Steps 3 and 4. Applying coats of primer is less demanding than finishing the car with automotive enamel. The primer is less prone to sagging than the enamel. Prime in accordance with the selected technology in thin layers, allowing to dry after each application, 3-4 coats of each primer. It is good to additionally dry them with a hairdryer. Do not overheat, it may swell.

Step 5. Grind, removing particles with a vacuum cleaner through the die with the mesh fixed on it. This minimizes the amount of dust and you do not need a respirator. Use a medium mesh. Control the finished surface tactilely by running your hand over it. After sanding, degrease the work area again before painting.

From the point of view of the final result, the process of applying the primer is simple and not demanding in terms of technology. The car enthusiast will, if desired, cope with the primer on his own. The quality of work depends, first of all, on the materials used. Avoid fakes: buy only from trusted suppliers and choose well-known, well-established brands.

What types of surfaces are to be processed

Before painting or not - it depends on the type of coating. Although, according to professional painters, the primer cannot harm any finishing layer. It contains components that provide adhesion to the wall to be treated, protect it from the formation of fungi and corrosion. The primer differs from the paint in the minimum content of the coloring pigment.

During the repair process, paint is applied to the following types of coatings:

Plaster is usually a lime, gypsum or cement mortar with sand. If the finishing layer is made with high quality, then it will look perfect after painting.
Putty is a plastic mass, used as a cosmetic finish, with its help they mask the defects of the plastered surfaces.
Drywall - using this material, they are used for finishing in different rooms. At the same time, in rooms with high humidity (kitchen, bathroom), the simplest and most reliable way of decorating is painting.
- the process of applying a coloring agent over the wallpaper allows you to hide cracks formed in the rough plaster.

1. The primer contains polymers that help to harden the finishing layer, exclude cracking and shedding.
2. Plaster, like putty, is too porous material, they, like a sponge, are able to absorb a lot of liquid, which means that the consumption of coloring matter increases when processing such an unprimed wall.

Why prime an already painted surface

You can also walk on a previously painted surface with paint, although this is not correct, such processing is still practiced. In this case, the priming of the walls before painting is performed if it is planned to apply paint over the old layer of water-based emulsion, but of a different color. The primer will not allow the old shade to bleed through the new layer. We can say that the adhesive composition will act as a barrier.

If a wall previously treated with nitrocellulose enamel or oil paint is to be painted, then first it is necessary to provide a roughness to the surfaces, and then apply an adhesive composition. Without the sanding process, the painted surface will not last long, because the roughness improves the adhesion of the applied material. If a primer for water-based paint is applied to a surface painted with other types of paints, then it is best to use a composition with the name Concrete contact.

Above, we talked about penetrating primers, which are used to compact a porous or loose plaster layer. Concrete contact it is also an adhesive substance, the constituent of which is an acrylic binder. Cement, quartz sand and other components are also used as fillers in the composition, which help to increase the adhesion of plaster, putty or adhesives to concrete and other smooth and poorly absorbent surfaces.

As mentioned above, the primer of the walls for painting is performed not only to compact the rough finish of the base, but also in order to save the coloring matter. Although some inexperienced craftsmen who are trying to save the budget for wall repairs by using a primer, on the contrary, overspend. This factor is explained simply, for the repair, an expensive primer is purchased, the properties of which are not at all necessary for certain work. For example, if the walls of a dry room are to be painted, in which the humidity level is always normal, then you should not buy a composition containing components against the formation of fungi and mold. A sales assistant in a store can help you choose a primer.

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