Options for manufacturing a desktop jigsaw machine. Instructions: How to make a jigsaw with your own hands from a jigsaw? How to make a stationary jigsaw

After several unsuccessful attempts to cut out complex shapes with an electric jigsaw, I decided to make a homemade desktop jigsaw using the drawings from the network. Carve complex shapes on it small sizes It will be very easy to make from lightweight materials.

To assemble a jigsaw machine with your own hands from a jigsaw you will need:

• electric jigsaw
• sheet of plywood and boards for support
• wood screws
• bolts with nuts

Tools: drill, sandpaper, clamp, tape measure.

Step 1: Cut out the lid and base

Draw two 250x300 mm rectangles on a sheet of plywood and cut them out with a jigsaw. These rectangles will be the base and cover of your machine. Carefully process the surfaces of the rectangles sandpaper, especially the one that will be the lid.

Step 2: Making the front pillars

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Measure the height of the jigsaw from the sole to the handle so that the jigsaw fits in the machine box; the stands must be greater than this distance. My jigsaw is 18 cm high, so I made 20 cm long posts from the board. Then I pressed the two pieces together with a clamp and sawed off 5 mm from them on both sides so that both posts were the same height.

Now the racks can be screwed to the base. To prevent the wood from cracking, you need to pre-drill holes for the screws and countersink them.

Step 3: Attach the jigsaw to the lid

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1. Remove the soleplate from the jigsaw using the supplied hexagon. There is already one hole in the cover, you just need to drill three more so that there is a mounting hole in each corner.
2. In the central part of the plywood cover, mark the place where you will attach the jigsaw sole and the hole for the jigsaw blade.
3. Now you can drill four holes in the plywood, countersinking them with a countersink bit so that the screw heads are flush with the surface. All that remains is to make a hole for the file.
4. Now put the sole back on the jigsaw skis, and attach the plywood cover to the sole so that the file fits into the hole provided for it.
5. Insert a washer into the widening of each mounting hole, insert bolts into the holes and tighten them on the other side with nuts. It was a little difficult to tighten the bolts, so I secured the head of each bolt with a flat head screwdriver and turned the other side with a wrench.

Step 4: Install the jigsaw on the base

Lower the cover with the jigsaw onto the base with the stands and secure it on top with screws, having previously drilled holes for them. Be sure to countersink these holes to prevent the wood from cracking when screwed. The jigsaw should not touch the base and should have a good grip on the lid. Therefore, the screw heads must be flush with the surface of the cover, otherwise they will unscrew while the jigsaw is running.

From the remains of the board, I made two additional rear posts, so the machine became much more stable.

Step 5: Modification of the machine

At this stage, the machine is quite functional; it is enough to simply secure it with a clamp on the tabletop and you can work.

I identified two features of my jigsaw:

• the blade moved a little to the sides, especially when working at high speeds.
• The width of the blade was greater than that of standard jigsaw files, making cutting especially difficult thin holes left much to be desired.

Step 6: Reduce the width of the canvas

A narrower blade will give you the ability to cut fine curves and make it easier to cut rounded corners.

1. Pull the saw to the maximum, do not forget to turn off the jigsaw from the mains.
2. Mark the point where the blade exits the housing. Below this point nothing needs to be removed.
3. Remove the file from the jigsaw and grinding machine grind the canvas to the desired width. When grinding, dip the file in cool water so that it does not overheat, otherwise the metal will lose its hardness and the file will no longer be able to cut through anything. A change in color is a sign of overheating of the metal.
4. Once you have the desired blade width, place the file back into the jigsaw.

Step 7: Making a guide for the file

The guide will prevent the blade from moving to the sides during cutting, especially at high speeds.

I made the guide from a small strip of PVC plastic. At one end of the strip, use a jigsaw to make a small slot at an angle to the middle of the strip. We secure the strip behind the saw by screwing it to a wooden L-shaped piece mounted on the lid of your machine. The guide can be lubricated with oil for better movement.

Remember:

1. The guide should never be higher than the blade at the lowest point in the blade's path.
2. The guide limits the size of the material you are going to cut due to its height and mounting point on the surface. Therefore, it is better to fix the guide as high as possible (taking into account the previous remark), and move it as far away from the canvas as possible, with a slope to the side as soon as possible.

Step 8: Conclusion

With a little effort, you will have an almost real tabletop jigsaw. Of course, it will not replace a real machine, but given its zero cost, it is an excellent option.

Since childhood, we have been familiar with the technology of sawing with a jigsaw. The principle is simple - a stationary part is placed on a stand with a technological cutout, the cut is made by moving the saw. The quality of work depends on the steadfastness of the hands and the skill of the worker.

In this way, you can literally cut lace from thin wooden or plastic blanks. However, the process is labor-intensive and slow. Therefore, many craftsmen thought about small-scale mechanization.

A simple design from the last century

More in the magazine Young technician“Drawings were offered on how to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands. Moreover, the design does not involve an electric drive; the drive operates from muscular force, like a knife sharpener.

The machine consists of main parts:

• bed (A)
• work table (B) with slot for canvas
• lever system (B) for holding the saw blade
• flywheel (G), which is the primary drive pulley
• crank mechanism (D), combined with a secondary drive pulley, and driving the levers (B)
• pedal assembly (E) with a crank mechanism driving the flywheel (D)
• saw blade tensioner (W)

The master uses his foot to move the flywheel (D). Using a belt drive, the crank mechanism (D) connected to the lower arm (B) rotates. A file is stretched between the levers; the degree of tension is regulated by a lanyard (G).

With a well-balanced flywheel, sufficient smooth running of the saw blade is ensured, and such a homemade jigsaw machine allows you to massively cut out the same type of workpiece, saving time and effort. In those days, jigsaw files were produced in the form of a flat, unidirectional strip.

Therefore, to obtain patterns of complex shapes, it was necessary to rotate the workpiece around the canvas. The dimensions of the workpiece are limited by the length of the arms (B).

From a mechanical jigsaw to an electric one one step

The foot drive cannot provide real freedom of action and uniformity of the saw stroke. It makes more sense to use an electric motor for the crank mechanism. However, if you use a tabletop jigsaw occasionally, there is no point in making stationary structure with its own motor.

You can use home power tools. For example, a screwdriver with a rotation speed controller.
The materials used are literally from wood scraps and old trash. The only critical part is the bed. It is better to make it from durable plywood with a thickness of at least 18 mm.

We make all connections using wood screws; the joints can be coated with PVA glue. From the same material we assemble a support pedestal for the lever rod. The design of the support should not have any play; the subsequent accuracy of the entire machine depends on its strength.

Carving and sawing beautiful figures from wood - exciting activity. A person’s inclination towards this creativity manifests itself from early childhood and often remains throughout life. Everyone knows that this is difficult and rather painstaking work. It always requires not only special care, but also a lot of time. To eliminate this drawback and make your work easier, you need to automate the process. To do this, you just need to purchase a jigsaw in the store. However, such a device is not cheap on sale and not everyone can afford it. But this problem is easy to solve if you make a device for sawing and carving wood yourself.

For this you will need materials:

• drawings or diagrams;
• wooden blocks;
• short boards;
• pieces of old plywood;
• simple nails or screws.

Tools:

• medium sized hammer;
• regular hand saw;
• small plane;
• jigsaw;
• sharp axe.

Scheme or drawing

Before you begin assembly, you need to draw a diagram or make a drawing of the jigsaw yourself. With their own hands, rarely does anyone manage to complete a high-quality document on a good professional level, but it doesn't matter. You can always find a suitable drawing on the Internet and use it to assemble your jigsaw. Often for simple homemade device inventors use only a mini-circuit, simply drawn by hand. This is quite sufficient when you need to design a simple device for figured sawing made of plywood and wood.

Stationary option

There are often times when it is necessary to make perfect cuts in plywood or wood strictly vertically. This kind of work is simply impossible to do even with a factory jigsaw. The device, which is always in the hand, will give deviations, and the edges of the slots will never turn out perfect shape. To make them straight and even, such work should only be done on stationary machine, where the device for sawing in wood or plywood is firmly and securely fixed on the table surface.

To design stationary jigsaw For figured sawing on plywood and wood, you must first prepare the material for building the table. It will provide a strong support for the machine and will also provide ease of use. All this is easy to make from wood. First you need to find suitable bars, mark and make a table frame out of them. After this, cut off identical boards, lay them on top and secure them with ordinary nails or screws. To ensure that the surface is sufficiently smooth, it is advisable to lay plywood on the table. It will not only make the surface smooth, but also create additional rigidity.

Next, you will need to install the unit itself for figure cutting from wooden blanks. Of course, you can make the entire mechanism out of plywood, but it will take too much time. The easiest way is to use a very simple method, where a standard factory device is installed to operate the saw - a jigsaw. To do this, you only need four small corners and a few screws. And then everything is done very simply: find the center of the table and drill hand drill hole through. Its diameter should be such that the factory file of a standard electric jigsaw can fit through it freely.

When a file is inserted into this hole and the entire device lies tightly on the table, you will need to draw a pencil around the duralumin support. Then use a jigsaw to cut a hole so that the body itself fits through it upside down, and its support bar sits tightly at table level. All that remains is to place small corners at the bottom and secure the platform with screws. At this point, the stationary jigsaw machine is considered built and you can safely begin work.

Sewing machine equipment

Today, many inventors successfully use modern methods, which differ good quality and precision in work. Particularly notable is the jigsaw machine using a band blade. However, despite the very high speed, not everyone can do it. For this reason, it is worth choosing a simpler method using an outdated sewing machine. Although her device has already served its useful life, it still needs to work homemade machine it won't affect. In addition, this is a fairly common and inexpensive option, where too much expense is not required.

For this homemade design machine you will need:

The construction of a table for a stationary jigsaw was discussed above, so we will not consider it further. But it is worth noting that a workbench can be perfect for these purposes. In addition, many old sewing machines already have a table-like design, as well as a mechanical drive. Therefore, here we will analyze only the main mechanisms that need to be changed.

Rework

Converting an old sewing machine into a tabletop jigsaw is not too difficult. First you will need to change the rear mechanical part where the needle is secured. To do this, you need to file the shank on the side so that a standard blade from a factory electric jigsaw fits freely into the clamp. The hole in the bottom plate, which is intended for the needle, also needs to be enlarged. This is easy to do with a hand drill with a diameter slightly wider than the file.

Often the clamping foot on a sewing machine gets in the way when cutting thick plywood or wooden blocks. It is easy to remove by unscrewing the side locking bolt with your hands or a screwdriver. As the jigsaw works, sawdust will remain. They are easy to assemble if you place a small box underneath. But before that, you have to remove the shuttle along with the entire device that will interfere. Removing it is easy with just a small adjustable wrench or pliers.

Mechanical drive and motor

It is clear that turning such a machine by hand will be very difficult and inconvenient. Therefore, it is necessary to install an additional motor with a mechanical drive. Literally all samples sewing machines They have a pulley in their design. A motor is connected to it using a belt, which is turned on with your foot. If such a unit is not available, then it is not difficult to make it yourself. To do this you just need to find Electrical engine suitable power. And then firmly attach it to the table using simple clamps- and you can actively get to work.

Manual power tool very popular both among amateurs and among professionals due to its obvious advantages, namely:

• comparative cheapness and availability;
• compactness;
• mobility.

Reverse side of these unconditional advantages is the presence of such shortcomings, How:

• relatively small continuous operation time;
• small achievable accuracy;
• insufficient quality of processing.

Obviously, these shortcomings are free professional stationary solutions - machines and machines on massive frames. As a result, they are quite not cheap, but the main thing is that they need to be placed somewhere. What to do if it is not possible to equip workshop, but I want to improve quality works? This question is asked by many of those who are passionate about a serious hobby, and even just beginners. masters

In our article we will talk about decision, allowing to eliminate known shortcomings manual jigsaw.

Advantages of a tabletop jigsaw

The general ones discussed above flaws hand power tools fully inherent and jigsaw.

Its main advantage is mobility – implies exclusively manual movements And fixation tool. That is, in reality it turns out that:

1. Very difficult to do smooth, a clear cut: the slightest extra movement - and a visible flaw appears in the cutting line. Those included in the kit guides do not save due to their insufficient rigidity;
2. Corner tilt The saw blade in relation to the workpiece is actually not controlled in any way. And even in the simplest case straight cut when the canvas perpendicular jigsaw sole, the result may disappoint. There are at least two reasons:
   • Saw blade – elastic and can bend during the cutting process, the free edge of the file is not limited by anything;
   • On affordable (read: cheap) models, it’s quite often ideal direct the angle between the file and the sole is difficult reach due to the very design of the cheap stamped grounds.

Interesting Mark, what, say, American craftsmen use manual a jigsaw is quite rare. For example, when you need cut opening in the kitchen countertop for installation sinks In other cases, they prefer to use stationary band saws of various sizes. Such saws are completely devoid of some disadvantages (mentioned above), and are fully endowed with others: dimensions, weight and... price.

To summarize above, we can confidently conclude that, in some way securing jigsaw on the workbench, it is possible to a certain extent win some of its shortcomings. And if you provide guides rollers for free edge canvases files, you can get a completely even cut. And clean - with the correct selection of the file itself.

Therefore, special jigsaw table will significantly improve the quality of work with this tool.

Of course, you shouldn’t think that in this way you can get “cheaply” full-fledged tape saw. But more on that a little later, now – briefly about what will be needed for production.

Materials and tools

Materials can be used from those available at hand. I would just like to note that the working surface(“countertop”) must be level and sufficiently tough, Therefore, when choosing a material, you need to keep the following points in mind:

• Can be used plywood, however, thin (less than 12 mm) plywood is susceptible to warping, and it’s not a fact that the existing piece will be quite even.
  Waterproof would be preferable laminated(“formwork”) plywood thickness from 12 mm.
• If we talk about (chipboards), then in general, the thicker they are, the better - the more rigid. Ideally - a piece quality laminated kitchen table tops or "post-forming".
  Disadvantages: less reliability fastenings tool, you need to take a more responsible approach to the choice of fasteners.
  From advantages, perhaps the main thing is accessibility and simplicity: you can order all set parts according to their dimensions in any furniture workshop. Thickness It’s better to take not the standard 16 mm, but a larger one (for example, 22 mm).
• Metal its properties are almost perfect, but it is quite difficult to find in everyday life suitable sizes piece, polished and smooth. Besides, do in it required holes somewhat more labor intensive, then it is wise to use drilling machine.

Set of necessary tool will depend on the selected materials, but in general it is approximate scroll something like this:

• pencil, roulette or a ruler, a carpenter's square - for marking;
• square will also be useful at the stage final assembly and settings;
• screwdrivers and nuts keys according to the selected fastener;
• screwdriver or drill, drills for fasteners, self-tapping screws (screws).

In addition, you will need rectangular metal bracket, two identical bearing and fasteners. Actually myself jigsaw will also come in handy.

Manufacturing stages

Regardless of the chosen material necessary:

• manufacture base and connect to the working surface with holes for attaching the sole of the tool;
• make a system brackets for the upper saw blade guide;
• collect and adjust table.

Base and work surface

Dimensions grounds are selected based on dimensions available jigsaw and are indicated approximately.
The dimensions of the working surface are also indicated approximately, from the bracket mounting side it mounted flush with the base, on the other three sides made small projection for ease of fastening rigging(clamps, stops, etc.).

Device bracket with guide bearings is clear from the figure.
Sizes can be chosen individually, but some Necessarily need to be kept in mind.

which limit the movement of the file to the side, you need pick up based on the size of the files you plan to use. Width the bearing itself (in reference books it is indicated by the letter IN) must not be larger than the width files, so as not to dull its teeth.

So, for example, if width metal file blades (T123X, T118A) usually more than 5 mm, then they will be suitable bearings with size B 4–5 mm, for example:

Wherein prefer follows the model with the letters ZZ, 2RS as the most protected from exposure to dust, which will certainly occur during the cutting process.

Saw blades tree, on the contrary, they can be narrow (T244D about 3.5 mm) and very narrow (T119BO about 3 mm, which can be used in our case). As an option - bearing 100093 (aka 693, 3 x 8 x 3 mm).

Selected bearing fastener: M3 or M4 screws, nuts (preferably “self-locking” with nylon insert that prevents spontaneous unscrewing).

Distance between axes bearings are also calculated based on the size of the files, thickness canvases may be within from 0.9 to 1.7 mm.

For example, thickness blade T244D is 1.25 mm, and T123X, T118A - 1 mm. It is better to round in big side.

Assembly and adjustment

Bracket can be secure in the following way

This method of fastening will make it possible adjust and the height of the guide bearings in accordance with the length of the saw, and (using a square) perpendicularity the saw itself relative to the work table.

As mentioned above, you shouldn’t delude yourself - even though it’s no longer easy jigsaw, but still not a band saw. Here are some tips:

• • IN band saw movement saw blade occurs only in one direction – top down, due to which the workpiece is pressed against the table by cutting forces.
    It is not possible for the workpiece to explode upward, since the pendulum of the jigsaw moves and returnable movement.
    Therefore, the workpiece needs to be well press to the working surface of the table and the most important thing is to feed (move) the workpiece as much as possible slower.

Note! More revs and less feed are much better than the other way around.

• When working with a jigsaw (with or without a table) it is useful to remember that move jigsaw files are usually about 15–20 mm, You need to read this value for your instrument in the instructions or determine it yourself. Material thicker than this size should only be sawed with divorce teeth Otherwise shavings will not be completely removed, which can lead to overheating and jamming of the canvas.
• Between the working surface of the table and sole jigsaw can lay a sheet of dense rubber, Having previously made a cut for the file. Assemble the table and let the canvas work a little idle, so that the canvas “grinds” to the slot in the rubber. This will protect moving units of an inverted jigsaw from a large number sawdust, for which it is not designed, because in normal mode the tool designers clearly did not count on such a number of them.
• Protective glasses - necessary. You also need to organize the device to be turned on via pedal or provide another way instant turning off the tool. But this is a topic for another article.
• Do not be afraid creatively think and improve your tools, because any idea - just a starting point for creativity, and universal there are no solutions.

For more information on making a jigsaw table, see video:

The era of electric tools did not come with the first electric drills, but when the electric motor became an attribute of a narrower tool: scissors, hacksaws, impact wrenches and, of course, jigsaws.

Moreover, the jigsaw became one of the first in this series. Today it is one of the most popular tools in the home (and not only) workshop. And first of all, we're talking about about hand tools.

But in this article we are looking at jigsaw machines, and this is practically stationary devices, which often have their own specific place in the workshop, because for comfortable work they require a base with given parameters: height so that the hand placed on the work table has a 90º bend at the elbow and stability so that it dampens vibrations of the machine itself.

What are jigsaws used for?

Jigsaw machines are primarily designed for cutting out parts or elements complex configuration V sheet material: wood, plywood, MDF, fiberboard, chipboard, plastic, aluminum. They are also used to cut out the internal contours of products with preliminary drilling of the sawn material.

Such a tool, unlike a hand or electric jigsaws, leaves both hands free for the person working on it, which greatly facilitates the work and allows it to be performed with the greatest accuracy. Most jigsaws, provided correct selection and installation of nail files, allow sawing even in fairly thick workpieces, with strict adherence to an angle of 90º relative to the plane of the workpiece.

Also, many models have an inclined table, which makes it possible to perform complex patterns under strict given angles, other than straight, which is practically impossible when using manual or electric jigsaws.

Except home use, they are widely used in furniture production and manufacturing enterprises musical instruments. True, they are replaced quite often laser machines, but the burnt edges left last do not make their use universal.

General drawing, structural features of desktop jigsaw machines

The most common layout of jigsaw machines is as follows:

It includes:

• a frame (or body) on which all components and mechanisms are mounted;
• drive, often from an electric motor via a V-belt to a crank;
• a crank mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the electric motor shaft into the reciprocating motion of the saw;
• double rocker with tensioner and fastenings for the saw;
• desktop, sometimes with a mechanism for rotating in the horizontal plane at a given angle.

Previously, miniature jigsaw machines with a somewhat simplified design were on sale, but precisely because of this, leading to quick exit Due to the short stroke of the saw blades, their production was discontinued.

Most currently produced desktop jigsaw machines work with files 200–350 mm long and have a working stroke of 30 to 50 mm.

The differences between the machines mainly consist in the power of the electric drive (from 90 to 500 W for most models), as well as the type and methods of attaching the files. The optimal power, in our opinion, is 150 W.

And files, in addition to length, can vary in width (from 2 to 10 mm), type of shanks (with or without pins) and thickness (from 0.6 to 1.25 mm).

In some models you can install the simplest, often called “Soviet” saw blades. hand jigsaws, which is a big advantage. To realize just this opportunity, owners of jigsaw machines that do not have it often improve the fastenings of their devices by installing clamps from a manual jigsaw on them.

Most desktop jigsaw machines have 2 speed modes: most often 600 and 1000 rpm, which is very useful when working with materials of different thickness, hardness and viscosity. The presence of the already mentioned rotary table is a useless function for 99% of the work performed on the machine.

Also, most jigsaw machines are equipped with additional accessories, such as:

• compressor for blowing chips from the cutting line;
• lighting of the sawing area;
• drilling block, etc.

These devices cannot be called useless, but it is still not worth relying on their presence when choosing a tabletop jigsaw machine, since these same functions can be successfully performed by:

• a compressor for an aquarium, with a blowing power selected by you, often more efficient than the standard one;
• a table lamp or carrier with a light output that is comfortable for your eyes;
• electric drill or screwdriver.

Even more complex devices, such as engraving drills that may be equipped with your machine, generally cause some confusion, but let’s say right away that it is better to have such tools not tied to a jigsaw (or any other) machine. Their mobility is often more expensive than the advanced functionality of this very machine. In addition, all this is far from free.

Choosing a jigsaw manufacturer

Most often, Russian consumers choose jigsaw machines from Proxxon, Dewalt, Hegner, Xendoll, Zubr, JET, Enkor Corvette and Croton. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. Based on reliability and compliance with the characteristics declared by the manufacturer, we would single out machines from the German company Hegner. And their line of this equipment is longer than many others, but be sure to insist on sea trials when purchasing, regardless of which company’s machine you are planning to buy.

And even if it is possible to choose from 2 identical machines, demand that both are turned on. Buy one that has less operating noise and vibration.

DIY jigsaw machine

Finding a drawing of such equipment on the Internet is a rather trivial task, but we do not consider it advisable to single out any specific one from them, due to the absolute different approaches to the implementation of both the very idea of ​​​​building such a machine, and the selection of materials, type of drive, etc. We will offer several concepts for a homemade jigsaw and briefly analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each so that you can figure out what is best for you.

• First: the easiest to implement, suitable for performing most tasks in the manufacture of parts with a rather complex contour at home.

There are many options for attaching a manual jigsaw to the tabletop that serves as the machine’s work table. Choose any, or offer your own and share with the readers of our site, for which we will be grateful.

The video also shows techniques for making a complex contour using a not-so-thin file. A main drawback This design is due to the impossibility of using thin files, which makes it difficult to manufacture openwork parts.

• Second: wooden. It is interesting due to the fact that the material is accessible, easy to process and repair.

In our opinion, the interesting thing about it is the use of the same manual jigsaw, which is rational for two reasons:

• if necessary, it can also be used as independent instrument, as it was made;
• the drive has built-in speed control, vibration amplitude, eliminates additional mechanisms, reducing the reliability of the design.

However, for those who like to tinker, there is alternative options manufacturing a wooden jigsaw machine.

When using a drill or screwdriver with an adjustable speed of rotation of the output shaft as a drive, it will also be possible to smoothly regulate the frequency of movement of the saw.

Moreover, control of this process can be transferred to the pedal using a simple device, which will make the work even more comfortable and the cut more accurate. Such jigsaw machines need to be well strengthened with braces and stringers and securely fastened to the floor so that they do not move during operation.

• Third: metal. There is no doubt that this particular concept is the most reliable and durable (provided that serious manufacturing errors are excluded), but it is also the most expensive. It makes sense to implement it if there is work a large number of and you will be able to save a sufficient amount by using the materials you already have. Otherwise, there is not much point in making such structures with your own hands, given that inexpensive factory-made jigsaw machines can be purchased for less than 4 thousand rubles.

Of course, the latter does not matter if you are interested in the process of technical creativity itself.

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