The heating boiler is the central device of the heating system. For its operation with maximum performance and in order to avoid excessive energy consumption, an accurate calculation of the heating boiler power is necessary. A properly sized heat generator will be able to maintain optimal functionality with much lower maintenance costs.
Basic calculation
The power of the heater requires a uniform supply of heat transfer to the network. It is designed to supply heat to buildings of various sizes, whether it is a multi-storey building or a country house.
For optimal heating of a one-story cottage, you do not need to purchase an overly powerful boiler, which is designed to heat a 3-4-story building.
The basis for the calculation is the area and dimensions of the building. How to calculate the power of the boiler, taking into account other parameters?
What affects the calculation
The calculation method is specified in building codes and regulations II-3-79 (SNiP). In this case, the following characteristics must be taken into account:
- Average territorial temperature in winter;
- the level of thermal insulation of the building and the quality of the materials used for this;
- the end location of the room, the presence of windows, the number of battery sections, the thickness of the outer and inner walls, the height of the ceiling;
- proportional correspondence between the size of openings and supporting structures;
- heating circuit layout.
For the most accurate calculations, the presence of household equipment (computer, TV, electric stove, etc.) and internal lighting that can generate heat are often taken into account. But it doesn't make any practical sense.
Information that must be taken into account without fail
Every 10 m² of a private house with average thermal insulation, standard climatic conditions of the region and a typical ceiling height (approximately 2.5-3 m) will require about 1 kW for heating.
More than 20% must be added to the power of the heating boiler, which is designed for joint operation in the heating and water supply system.
The unstable pressure in the boiler and the heating main will require the equipment with a special device with a reserve capacity, which exceeds the calculated values by about 15%.
The power of the heating boiler, which is connected to the heating system using a heat carrier (hot water), must also contain a reserve of more than 15%.
The number of possible heat losses in poorly insulated rooms
Insufficiently high-quality thermal insulation leads to the loss of heat energy in the following volumes:
- poorly insulated walls will let in up to 35% of heat energy;
- regular ventilation of the room leads to losses of up to 15% of heat (temporary ventilation practically does not affect losses in any way);
- insufficiently sealed slots in the windows let in up to 10% of thermal energy;
- an uninsulated roof will draw 25%.
The simplest formula for calculating the required heat energy for heating
For an approximate calculation, there is an elementary formula: W \u003d S × Wsp, where
W is the power of the unit;
S - the size of the building area in m², taking into account all the premises for heating;
Wsp is a standard indicator of specific power, which is used when calculating in a specific climatic region.
The standard value of specific power is based on the experience of using various heating systems.
The average information is obtained from the housing and communal services officer in your area. After that, multiply this value by the total area of \u200b\u200bthe building, and you will get the average indicator of the required boiler power.
Calculation example
Gas is the most common type of fuel. How to calculate the power of a gas boiler? Consider an example calculation for a building with an area of 150 m², which is supposedly located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The calculation is made for a heating system with natural circulation without constant pressure from the pump. The specific power in the region under consideration is 0.90 kW/m².
150 m² / 10 m² = 15 is an intermediate calculation factor, which assumes that 1 kW of the heating output of the unit is required per 10 m² of heated space.
15 × 0.90 kW/m² = 13.5 kW.
As a result, the average value of thermal energy required by a specific building with average statistical thermal insulation and climatic indicators was obtained.
If you take into account the use of hot water for the bathroom and kitchen, you will need to add at least 20% to the power: 13.5 + 13.5 × 0.2 = 16.2 kW.
It is worth paying attention to the fact that the pressure in the boiler and the heat main can be unstable, for this you need to add another 15% to the power: 16.2 + 13.5 × 0.15 = 18.225 kW.
Considering that a certain leakage of thermal energy cannot be avoided, it is necessary to round the result obtained up. It turns out that in order to provide heating for a particular building using a gas-fired heating unit, a boiler with a minimum power of 19 kW is required.
Power calculations for gas-fired units are most often performed during the planning period of the building. The reason for this is the initial laying in the project of the location of heating devices, openings for air exchange, a chimney, as well as a separate room for a heating installation.
If you need to consider heating in an existing building that does not have the necessary conditions for placing a gas-fired unit, you will need to install an alternative heating system. An electrical installation is well suited for its role, the calculation of the power of which is carried out according to similar calculations.
In addition to the above calculations, the calculation of the thermal power of the boiler can be done by a calculator specially designed for this. It includes such parameters as the total area of the room, its height, type of windows, etc. To find out the thermal power, it is necessary to enter the required indicators into the program, having previously found out their exact value.
Calculating the required power for heating a private house is not such a difficult task, especially if you use the calculator program. It can be handled by anyone who wants to save money and provide optimal heating without wasting heat energy.
One of the main conditions for comfort in the apartment is the heating system. And the type of this heating, along with the equipment for it, should be taken into account even at the initial stages of building a house. In order for the heating in the house to be as efficient as possible, it is necessary to correctly calculate the required boiler power depending on the heated area.
It is about how to correctly calculate the power of a heating boiler that will be discussed in today's article. Heating systems are different, they all have their own characteristics, which should be taken into account during calculations.
Formulas and calculation coefficients
Before proceeding directly to the power calculations, let's first consider what indicators will be used.
- Heater power per 10 square meters, which is determined taking into account the climatic features of a particular region (Wsp):
— for cities located in the north, it is approximately 1.5-2 kilowatts;
- for those, who located in the south- 0.7-0.9 kilowatts;
- and for the cities of the Moscow region- 1.2-1.5 kilowatts. - The area of the heated room is indicated by the letter S.
Below is the calculation formula:
Important! There is also a simpler way of such calculations, in which Wsp will be equal to one. Consequently, the power of the boiler will become 10 kilowatts per 100 square meters. But if you do everything in this way, then another 15% must be added to the final result, so that the value is more objective.
Table of power and heating costs
Sample calculation
As we found out, the formula for calculating the power of a heating boiler is very simple. But we will still give one example of its practical use.
We have the following conditions. The area of the room to be heated is 100 square meters. Our region is Moscow, therefore, the specific power will be 1.2 kilowatts. If we put all this into our formula, we get the following data.
How to calculate the power of various types of boilers
How efficient a heating system is will primarily depend on what type it is. And, of course, it will be influenced by the correctness of the calculations made regarding the required power of the heating boiler. If such calculations show biased data, then inevitable problems will await you in the near future.
If the heat output of the device is less than the required minimum, then in winter it will be cold in the house. If its performance is excessive, then this will not lead to anything other than to waste energy, and therefore your money.
In order to avoid such troubles, you only need knowledge regarding how the boiler power is calculated. Also consider the fact that there are different types of heating, depending on the fuel used. Here they are:
- On solid fuel.
- Electrical.
- On liquid fuel.
- Gas.
When choosing a particular system, people are often based on the characteristics of a particular region, as well as on the cost of equipment.
Solid fuel boilers
- Relatively low popularity.
- The need for additional space for storing fuel.
- Availability.
- The operating procedure is very economical.
- Such boilers can function autonomously, at least most modern appliances provide for this.
In addition, another factor to take into account when calculating the power of a heating boiler is that the temperature is obtained cyclically. In other words, in a room heated by such a system, the temperature during the day can fluctuate with a gap of 5 degrees.
Important! It is for this reason that solid fuel boilers can hardly be called the best, and if possible, it is better to refuse to buy them altogether. But if this is not possible, you have two ways to partially protect yourself from such problems.
- Use, the volume of which can reach 10 cubic meters. They are connected to the heating system and significantly reduce heat loss, which has a positive effect on heating costs.
- Build a thermal bulb necessary to control the air supply. Thanks to him, the burning time is increased, and the number of fireboxes, therefore, is reduced.
Due to all this, the performance of the boiler you need is reduced. Also, all this should be taken into account in the calculations.
Electric boilers
All boilers powered by electric energy are distinguished by the following features.
- They are compact.
- Fuel for them - electricity - is expensive.
- It is extremely easy to manage them.
- If there is a network outage, there may be problems with their functioning.
- They are environmentally friendly.
Actually, this is all you need to remember when calculating the required power for a boiler that runs on electricity.
Oil boilers
Now let's talk about liquid fuel boilers. In general, they are characterized by the following features.
- Such boilers are not environmentally friendly.
- They use a very expensive type of fuel.
- Another feature is increased fire safety.
- When installing them, you must take care of another room in which fuel will be stored in the future.
This is where the features of liquid fuel boilers ended.
gas boilers
The last type of boilers that we will talk about today are gas appliances. For the most part, they are the best option when installing a heating system. It is impossible to calculate the power of heating boilers of this type without taking into account the following features.
- The operation of such boilers is simple and convenient.
- They are economical.
- They do not require additional space in order to store fuel.
- The cost of the fuel itself for them (gas) is relatively low.
- Finally, their operation is characterized by increased safety.
Everything, we have more or less figured out the boilers, now we will discuss how to calculate the power for radiators in the heating system.
How is the power of radiators calculated?
Let's assume that you, for example, intend to install heating radiators with your own hands. Of course, they must first be purchased. Moreover, when buying, you should choose exactly the model that suits you best.
All calculations regarding radiators are also quite simple. As an example, we will consider a room whose area will be 14 square meters and a height of 3 meters.
As a conclusion
So you and I found out how the power of the heating boiler is correctly calculated, including radiators here. If you strictly follow these tips, then in the end you will have a very efficient heating system, which at the same time will not be “wasteful”. That's all, good luck and warm winters!
Serves as the basis for the heating system. It is its performance that has a direct impact on the ability of the communication network to provide the home with the required amount of heat. If you correctly and correctly calculate the power of the heating boiler, this will eliminate the need for extra costs associated with the purchase of additional devices and their operation. When carrying out preliminary calculations, the selection of equipment will be correct, that is, its heat transfer, laid down by the manufacturer, will help in maintaining its technical parameters.
Base for calculations
The calculation of the power of the heating boiler is a rather significant point. As a rule, this parameter can be compared with the total heat output of the heating system, which is designed to provide a house of a certain size, with a given number of floors, as well as the corresponding thermal properties. To equip a small private or country house, there is no need to purchase a very powerful boiler.
Autonomous heating and boiler power are calculated depending on the area - this is the main parameter if the heat engineering of the building is considered according to the regional climate. In this case, the most important parameter is the area of \u200b\u200bthe house.
What affects the calculation?
If you want to calculate the power of the heating boiler as accurately as possible, then for this you can use the methodology provided by SNiP II-3-79. In this case, when carrying out professional calculations, the following factors must be taken into account:
- average regional temperature in the winter season;
- properties used for the construction of enclosing structures of the house;
- type of wiring of the heating circuit;
- the ratio of the areas of load-bearing structures and openings;
- information for each room separately.
Subtleties of the calculation process
So, the calculation of the heating of the house should be made on the basis of the plan of the house, which serves as the most important document for the calculation. In order for the result to be as accurate as possible, it is also necessary to use such information as data on the number of units of digital and household appliances, since it also releases heat into the room in a certain way. However, autonomous heating can be organized without the need for such accurate calculations, and everything can be purchased with a small margin. This will be the right decision. Most often, the power of heating boilers is rounded up to some value, so purchasing equipment 20-30% more powerful than necessary is the right solution to the problem.
Required parameters
The most primitive calculation method uses this approach: for every 10 square meters of a well-insulated building with a standard ceiling height, 1 kilowatt is required to organize heating. If the power of the heating boiler is calculated, which is also used for hot water supply, then for correct calculations it is necessary to add at least 20% more.
For an autonomous heating circuit with unstable pressure in the boiler, it is necessary to add a device, which will increase its power reserve in comparison with the calculated value by at least 15%.
Accounting for heat loss
Regardless of whether the power of an electric or gas heating boiler is calculated, the operation of the entire system is associated with a certain percentage. Ventilation of the premises is necessary, and if the windows are constantly open, then heat loss for the whole house will be 15% of the energy. With poor wall insulation, approximately 35% will be required to compensate for this shortcoming. Window openings are made so that 10% of the heat goes out, and even more when using old window frames. In the absence of floor insulation, another 15% of valuable heat will go into the ground or basement. The roof is a heat loss of 25%. Before calculating the power of the heating boiler, it is necessary to take all this into account and display it in the calculations.
The simplest formula
In any case, it is required to round off and also increase the resulting value in order to provide a certain margin. That is why, to determine the required value, you can use a fairly simple formula:
- W \u003d S x W beats, where
S represents the total area of the heated building, taking into account residential and domestic rooms in sq. m;
- W is the power of the heating boiler, kW;
- W beats. represents the average statistical specific power applied taking into account a specific climatic area (this characteristic is based on many years of experience in the operation of various heating systems in the regions).
By multiplying the area by the specified indicator, you can get the average power value. It is adjusted based on the features mentioned above.
Electric boilers
Before purchasing any equipment, you need to clarify its main characteristics and how they correspond to the features and requirements of your system. Calculating the power of an electric heating boiler is a complicated procedure, but you need to know this parameter, since it will tell you whether the device is suitable for your particular case or not. In the case of such equipment, power is a paramount parameter, since it is related to the limits set by district power plants. If this value is exceeded, then there is a high probability of operation of limiting machines, due to which the house can be disconnected from the supply of electrical energy. When choosing equipment of this class, you must be based on the allowable power, not trying to exceed it, and also correctly calculate the required boiler performance.
At the moment, on sale you can find equipment with a fixed and modulated power. Preferably, samples whose value is constant, so that you can avoid power outages due to exceeding the limit, which often happens with devices with modulated indicators. The choice of this type does not affect the economic indicators of energy consumption. This characteristic only affects the amount of energy that the heating system receives from the boiler.
The meaning of the results
In an electric heater, heating elements are used inside the heat exchanger. They are responsible for the power of the entire unit. Heating of the coolant is carried out during the operation of the heaters and then by means of a circulation pump, which supplies everything to the system. For such boilers, as well as other devices in this category, the power is calculated in kilowatts, while we are talking about the heating element parameter. Depending on the number of heating elements, this parameter can be in the range of 2-60 kW.
What affects power?
The operating parameters of electrical devices can be different, among them one of the most important is the thermal characteristic necessary to replenish the heat loss of the building and provide hot water. The calculation of the power of the heating boiler in this case is based on such data as: the heated area, the thermal insulation qualities of the building, the materials of the floors and walls, the surface area with glazing. This set of parameters should definitely be taken into account when carrying out heat engineering calculations for each house, as well as specifying the energy required to prepare hot water.
Electric boiler only for small spaces?
Many are convinced that this type of apparatus can only be used to provide normal temperatures for small houses, so their power is very limited. But this is an erroneous assertion. At the moment, on sale you can find boilers that can provide heating for houses with an area of up to 1000 square meters. In this case, the question arises related to the appropriateness of using such equipment. In such cottages, they are most often installed as backup power sources that work when the main one fails. Small rooms allow the use of equipment characterized by low power. These are single-phase and three-phase boilers. Devices with a power of more than 6 kilowatts can be multi-stage. With their help, you can best save electricity, since you can not use them constantly in the autumn-spring period.
Such equipment has a whole range of advantages compared to electric. These are economical and highly efficient devices that provide the proper level of heat transfer. Until recently, the installation of gas equipment required a special room - a boiler room. At the moment, this is no longer such an urgent requirement, since there are many models with a closed combustion chamber. The calculation of the power of a gas heating boiler is carried out taking into account the following significant parameters: the area of \u200b\u200bthe room; boiler specific power per 10 square meters, corresponding to the climate in the region. Calculation of heating by area is the most common practice. For specific power in zones with different climate conditions, there are established values: Moscow region 1.2-1.5 kW; northern regions 1.5-2.0 kW; southern regions 0.7-0.9 kW. Most often, for convenience, an average value is used, which is equal to 1. It turns out that a power equal to 1 kilowatt for every 10 square meters is usually preferred. m of premises.
conclusions
Usually, the calculation of the power of the heating boiler and the heat loss of the building is carried out at the design stage. To ensure the efficiency of the heating system, special conditions must be observed - the arrangement of the appropriate room, which will be equipped with ventilation and a chimney. Now you know how the heating of the house is calculated.
One of the main components of comfortable housing is the presence of a well-thought-out heating system. At the same time, the choice of the type of heating and the required equipment is one of the main questions that need to be answered at the stage of designing a house. An objective calculation of the heating boiler power by area will eventually allow you to get a completely efficient heating system.
We will now tell you about the competent conduct of this work. In this case, we consider the features inherent in different types of heating. After all, they must be taken into account when carrying out calculations and the subsequent decision to install one or another type of heating.
Basic calculation rules
At the beginning of our story on how to calculate the power of a heating boiler, we will consider the quantities used in the calculations:
- room area (S);
- specific power of the heater per 10 m² of heated area - (W sp.). This value is determined adjusted for the climatic conditions of a particular region.
This value (W beats) is:
- for the Moscow region - from 1.2 kW to 1.5 kW;
- for the southern regions of the country - from 0.7 kW to 0.9 kW;
- for the northern regions of the country - from 1.5 kW to 2.0 kW.
The power calculation is carried out as follows:
W cat. \u003d (S * Wsp.): 10
Advice! For simplicity, a simplified version of this calculation can be used. In it Wud.=1. Therefore, the heat output of the boiler is defined as 10kW per 100m² of heated area. But with such calculations, at least 15% must be added to the obtained value in order to get a more objective figure.
Calculation example
As you can see, the instructions for calculating the heat transfer intensity are simple. But, nevertheless, we will accompany it with a concrete example.
The conditions will be as follows. The area of heated premises in the house is 100m². Specific power for the Moscow region is 1.2 kW. Substituting the available values into the formula, we get the following:
W boiler \u003d (100x1.2) / 10 \u003d 12 kilowatts.
Calculation for different types of heating boilers
The degree of efficiency of the heating system depends primarily on the correct choice of its type. And of course, from the accuracy of the calculation of the required performance of the heating boiler. If the calculation of the thermal power of the heating system was not carried out accurately enough, then negative consequences will inevitably arise.
If the heat output of the boiler is less than required, it will be cold in the rooms in winter. In the case of excess performance, there will be an overexpenditure of energy and, accordingly, the money spent on heating the building.
To avoid these and other problems, it is not enough just to know how to calculate the power of a heating boiler.
It is also necessary to take into account the features inherent in systems using different types of heaters (you can see a photo of each of them later in the text):
- solid fuel;
- electric;
- liquid fuel;
- gas.
The choice of one or another type largely depends on the region of residence and the level of infrastructure development. Equally important is the availability of the possibility of acquiring a certain type of fuel. And, of course, its cost.
Solid fuel boilers
The calculation of the power of a solid fuel boiler must be made taking into account the features characterized by the following features of such heaters:
- low popularity;
- relative accessibility;
- the possibility of autonomous operation - it is provided in a number of modern models of these devices;
- economy during operation;
- the need for additional fuel storage space.
Another characteristic feature that should be taken into account when calculating the heating power of a solid fuel boiler is the cyclicity of the temperature obtained. That is, in rooms heated with its help, the daily temperature will fluctuate within 5ºС.
Therefore, such a system is far from the best. And if possible, it should be abandoned. But, if this is not possible, there are two ways to smooth out the existing shortcomings:
- The use of a thermal bulb needed to control the air supply. This will increase the burning time and reduce the number of furnaces;
- The use of water heat accumulators, with a capacity of 2 to 10m². They are included in the heating system, allowing you to reduce energy costs and, thereby, save fuel.
All this will reduce the required performance. Therefore, the effect of the application of these measures must be taken into account when calculating the power of the heating system.
Electric boilers
They are characterized by the following features:
- high cost of fuel - electricity;
- possible problems due to network outages;
- environmental friendliness;
- ease of management;
- compactness.
All these parameters should be taken into account when calculating the power of an electric heating boiler. After all, it is not purchased for one year.
Oil boilers
They have the following characteristic features:
- not eco-friendly;
- convenient in operation;
- require additional storage space for fuel;
- have an increased fire hazard;
- use fuel, the price of which is quite high.
gas boilers
In most cases, they are the best option for organizing a heating system. have the following characteristic features that must be taken into account when calculating the power of the heating boiler:
- ease of operation;
- do not require a place to store fuel;
- safe in operation;
- low cost of fuel;
- economy.
Calculation for heating radiators
Let's say you decide to install a heating radiator with your own hands. But first you need to buy it. And choose exactly the one that suits the power.
- First, we determine the volume of the room. To do this, multiply the area of the room by its height. As a result, we get 42m³.
- Further, you should know that it takes 41 watts to heat 1m³ of a room in central Russia. Therefore, to find out the desired performance of the radiator, we multiply this figure (41 W) by the volume of the room. As a result, we get 1722W.
- Now let's calculate how many sections our radiator should have. Make it simple. Each element of a bimetallic or aluminum radiator has a heat transfer of 150W.
- Therefore, we divide the performance we obtained (1722W) by 150. We get 11.48. Round up to 11.
- Now you need to add another 15% to the resulting figure. This will help smooth out the increase in required heat transfer during the most severe winters. 15% of 11 is 1.68. Round up to 2.
- As a result, we add 2 more to the existing figure (11). We get 13. So, to heat a room with an area of 14m², we need a radiator with a power of 1722W, which has 13 sections.
Now you know how to calculate the desired performance of the boiler, as well as the heating radiator. Take advantage of our advice and provide yourself with an efficient and at the same time not wasteful heating system. If you need more detailed information, then you can easily find it in the corresponding video on our website.
How not to make a mistake and correctly choose a device so as not to freeze and not to thin the budget - read on. From the article you will find out which technique will be correct and necessary for you.
Calculation of heat losses at home
We say right away - there is no single method for calculating the coefficient. The setting varies depending on your climate. It is all the more important to pay more attention to this stage of preparation. Even a specialist will not determine by eye, without calculations, information on the required boiler power. Even low-power ones, such as, can heat an average apartment up to 65m². But what it exactly should be - it will become known after filling out a special questionnaire - the document is freely available, anyone can fill it out on the Internet.
Experts approached the compilation of the questionnaire responsibly. By filling in the fields, you will not be able to make a mistake. The only exception is the incorrect filling of the online form. All other calculations of the boiler for the house will be performed by the program.
So, here are the questions you need to be prepared for - specify:
1. Heat loss through walls
This parameter is affected by the area of the facade and the ventilated layer (walls are with it, and sometimes without it). The first wall covering is the paramount criterion, without which it will be too risky to choose a heating boiler. Reinforced concrete or foam concrete, mineral wool, drywall, plywood or wood - the material affects the decision of what power to buy solid fuel equipment. The thickness of the first layer of the house is also important. For thin-walled houses, buy a medium power boiler - for example,.
2. Heat loss through windows
Important condition. It is logical that more heat will "leave" with a single-chamber double-glazed window than with two-chamber ones. The area of windows is also important when calculating the power of the boiler. Before filling out the questionnaire, measure it again.
3. Heat loss through ceiling and floor
As you understand, in a room with an attic and an unheated basement, you need to install powerful equipment - like. Incorrectly selected power of the device will spoil several winter months spent in a country house - heating is clearly not enough for a comfortable life.
Useful to know:
If you do everything right, your efforts will be rewarded with a profitable investment in the purchase. Consider that you have coped with the task - most likely, you will get the best result in terms of price and quality.
Why is it important to accurately determine the power of the boiler
The first thing that comes to mind is saving money on a purchase. For this alone, it is worth spending a couple of hours on calculations. Given the good work and efficient operation of the boiler, the calculation of the power of the equipment becomes even more necessary.
Here are some unhappy scenarios that will inevitably unfold if you do not take into account the above.
Remember: The correction for the region for our climate is a factor of 1.2.
An incorrect calculation of the power of a not so popular, but still occurring pellet device (for example) and a wood-fired boiler is the first choice parameter. To calculate the parameter, do not be too lazy to spend time, otherwise you cannot avoid the above problems in the lack of heat (if we are talking about weak appliances) or inefficient waste of fuel (when you pick up an expensive and too powerful boiler, like).
Determining the power of the boiler is the most important stage of work
So you got acquainted with the theoretical part of the question, having received information about the importance of calculating the power of boilers. Now it's time to move on to the practical part - the most important. As an option, a specialist responsible for the calculation of parameters and installation. But you yourself can find out what technique is really needed.
When calculating power, we start from the area of \u200b\u200bthe heated object - it is she who will help to evaluate performance. Keep in mind that with a room height of 2.7 m (and such ceilings are in almost all houses), it takes 1 kW to heat 10 m².
This ratio is approximate. It is influenced by the climate of the region and, again, the height of the ceilings, the presence of basements, etc.
Advice: in order to calculate the power of an ideal boiler for high ceilings, it is necessary to determine the correction factor by dividing the parameter by the standard 2.7m.
Example:
- The ceilings are 3.1m.
- We divide the parameter by 2.7 - we get 1.14.
- So, for high-quality heating of a house of 200 m² with ceilings of 3.1 m, a boiler with a capacity of 200 kW * 1.14 = 22.8 kW is useful.
- In order not to freeze for sure, we recommend rounding the parameter up. Then get 23kW. We are suitable for 24 kW.
Please note that this calculation is suitable for a single-circuit boiler. In the case of c, you need to calculate what water temperature you want to get in the cold, and choose a technique in accordance with the parameter (+ 25%, power, if you like hot water).
Step-by-step calculation of boiler power (double-circuit) for apartments
With apartments, the situation is somewhat different. Here the coefficient is less than in the house - in apartments there is no heat loss through the roof (if we are not talking about the last floor) and losses through the floor (except for the first floor).
- if another room "warms up" the apartment from above, the coefficient will be 0.7
- if there is an attic above you - 1
To calculate the parameter, we use the technique indicated above, taking into account the coefficient.
Example: The area of the apartment is 163m². Its ceilings are 2.9 m, the apartment is located in our lane.
We determine the power in five steps:
- We divide the area by the coefficient: 163m² / 10m² = 16.3 kW.
- Do not forget about the correction for the region: 16.3 kW * 1.2 = 19.56 kW.
- Since the double-circuit boiler is designed for hot water, we add 25% 7.56 kW * 1.25 = 9.45 kW.
- And now do not forget about the cold (experts advise adding another 10%): 9.45 kW * 1.1 \u003d 24.45 kW.
- We round up, and it turns out 25 kW. It turns out that it will suit us - a device that runs on natural gas and interacts with solar collectors.
Please note that in this way the power of the boilers is calculated, no matter what fuel they operate on - even gas, even electricity, even solid fuel. .
Step-by-step calculation of the power of the boiler (single-circuit) for an apartment
But what if you do not need a double-circuit boiler, and with tasks? We will make calculations, taking into account one more factor - the material of manufacture of the house. The norm of heating established at the legislative level looks like this:
- Heating 1m³ in a panel house will require 41 watts.
- Heating 1m³ in a brick house will require 34 watts.
We invite you to familiarize yourself with:
We remember the area of the apartment, multiply it by the height of the ceilings, we get the volume. This indicator must be multiplied by the norm - we get the power of the boiler.
Example:
- You live in a 120m² apartment with 2.6m ceilings.
- The volume will be as follows: 120m² * 2.6m = 192.4m³
- We multiply by the coefficient, we calculate the need for heat 192.4m³ * 34W = 106081W.
- We translate into kilowatts and rounding up, we get 11kW. This is the power that a thermal single-circuit unit should have. A good option is the model. A little "with a margin", the power of this technique is more than enough for a comfortable microclimate in your home.
As you can see, the task of selecting a boiler will not take more than an hour. By choosing the right heating device, you will insure yourself against uncomfortable cold weather for the whole winter, saving money on the purchase of a boiler and utilities. Correctly calculate the parameter - it is equally important for all types of heaters: coal, TT,