Ivan Bunin's story is written in a light style and, at first glance, may seem like a simple work, but the author in it raises the important social problem of inequality.
A huge place in the plot is occupied by the description of the world of luxury of rich people. At the center of the events is a gentleman from San Francisco, who, at 58 years old, decided that he deserved a rest. He and his family go to see Europe. The author describes in detail their stay on the ship, which is so luxurious that it resembles a floating hotel. The upper class has the best conditions, eats sweetly and sleeps softly. The employees try to please them in everything.
The gentleman from San Francisco has a wife and daughter. Bunin does not show their relationship as close people, but rather as those who are united by one luxurious feeding trough. The daughter looked sickly and had long dreamed of marriage. On the ship she meets an eastern prince, who is unprepossessing in appearance, but has noble blood. The girl looks at him in awe, because she bows before a significant person.
The main character of the story is . The writer describes in detail the appearance of his hero, in which everything spoke of his wealth. The author also explains the reason why he goes on a trip. The gentleman was from the category of people who spend their entire young lives earning money and then decide to go on vacation. However, the most striking feature of the main character is that the author does not mention his name even once in the story. Bunin explains this by the fact that no one remembered the gentleman’s name. The author's irony regarding the hero is immediately felt in this.
The real reason why the hero does not have a name is the writer’s disdain for the hero as a representative of the vicious high society. The gentleman is impersonal, because, unfortunately, there are many such people. Individuals who believe that they own the world, but as a result they own only the illusion of it. This is what Ivan Bunin proves in the finale of the work with the tragic end of the hero.
The author not only does not name the character, but also does not show his inner spiritual world. What readers know about his actions is that he accumulated wealth all his life and worked hard for it, which is somewhat commendable. However, the hero did not care about spiritual growth. And he exploited the labor of the lower class. At the age of 58, he finally thought about taking a break. Together with his family, the hero goes on a trip to Europe. But he does this aimlessly, only to satisfy physical needs. He is not interested in landscapes and architecture, but only in how high quality the service will be.
Ivan Bunin mocks this way of life for rich people. He shows his disgust for such individuals who are incapable of spiritual development. The hero not only has no name, he has no inner spiritual core. And that’s why no one remembered him, because he lived only for his own pleasure, and looked down on people of the lower class.
The main character of Victor Dragunsky’s story “...And what I don’t like!” (which is a continuation of the story) - a boy named Denis. In this story, Deniska lists everything that he doesn’t like.
Like many children, Denis does not like to have his teeth treated, read poetry while standing on a chair in front of guests, or eat scrambled eggs.
He also doesn’t like to wear new tight suits and doesn’t like to lose. In games with the guys, Denis categorically does not like playing the roles of negative characters. In this case, he simply leaves the game. He also does not like the restriction of freedom: if he is captured in the game, he will definitely escape from it.
The hero of the story also doesn’t like being considered small and being forced to play loaf at his birthday party. He also doesn’t like it when adults make comments to children or make noise in the evenings, when it’s time to sleep.
Denis also doesn’t like it when adult uncles and aunts voice children’s roles on the radio, speaking in squeaky voices.
This is the summary of the story.
The main idea of Dragunsky’s story “...And what I don’t like!” lies in the fact that children have a spontaneous character and do not know how to pretend. Therefore, they sincerely communicate to others what they like and what they don’t like in order to avoid contact with what is unpleasant to them.
The story teaches you to be attentive to children. Adults should be aware of what children do not like and, if necessary, clearly explain to them why they sometimes need to treat their teeth and what they should not eat to prevent their teeth from hurting. Explain why a wounded finger is smeared with brilliant green and why it is dangerous to move around under the feet of adults, especially if they have hot pots in their hands.
In the story, I liked the main character, the boy Denisk, who honestly tells readers about what he doesn’t like. Deniska is not a hypocrite, he does not affect or make faces, he speaks truthfully about himself.
What proverbs fit Dragunsky’s story “...And what I don’t like!”
Live with reason, and you don’t need doctors.
Freedom is more valuable than anything.
Where there is harm, there comes dislike.
The story “Ionych”, written by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, dates back to the late period of the author’s work. Most works of this period are characterized by a dramatic and even tragic orientation. The story is saturated with sadness and loneliness and vividly reflects the contrast between dreams and reality. The author was able to masterfully reveal this topic using the example of the young doctor Dmitry Ionovich Startsev. Just by telling the story of a man, Chekhov showed the enormous injustice of life: the harmony that every person strives for
It is unusually easy to destroy, the reason for this is not some global catastrophe, not illness, not fate, but the person himself. The main characters of the story “Ionych” by Chekhov each strive for their own dreams. Each of the characters strives to achieve their goal. Startsev dreams of finding stability and family happiness. Ekaterina Turkina dreams of freedom, a career as an artist, and personal development. Her parents dream of their daughter’s happiness and well-being. But not all dreams are destined to come true.
Characteristics of the main characters
The main characters of the work “Ionych” are not specific images, but only collective characters. Zemsky doctor Dmitry
Ionovich Stratsev is a young, enthusiastic, educated person, but not striving for high goals. However, he knows exactly what he wants and certainly achieves it. This image is key in the work; it is his patronymic that the story is named after. Startsev is a rather simple and open person; he has no hidden thoughts or desires. He is not used to bending his heart and going against his feelings. If he is in love, it means he is directly saying that he wants to get married. If he is disappointed, he is unwilling to say otherwise.
Another key image of this story is Ekaterina Ivanovna Turkina. in the first chapters she is called by the forest name Kotik. A young dreamer, a little naive, but confident in her own abilities. She is stubborn and goes against her parents. The girl dreams of a great future. She definitely wants to leave the city for the capital. She does not take any moral teachings from her mother seriously. Her personality also changes. In the last chapters, she is no longer that selfish person. Life and the creative failures that happened to her in Moscow left an imprint on her character: self-confidence disappears, enthusiasm disappears.
Ekaterina Ivanovna’s parents are respected people in the city. The most educated and well-mannered. They constantly gather a large circle of guests at their home and are famous for their hospitality, wit and talents.
Ivan Petrovich Turkin is a master of words and can brighten up any evening with conversations, jokes and funny stories. His distinctive feature is the ability to smile with his eyes. It seems that he sees through people and is able to read their thoughts. After all, he can find a common language with almost every person.
Turkin is devoted to his family.
Vera Iosifovna, Ivan Petrovich’s wife, writes stories and has a tendency to read them after every tea party. She is quite modest and believes that there is no need to publish her works. They are intended for the soul, not for material gain. She loves both her husband and daughter. The woman is worried about the latter. She wants Katya’s fate to be successful.
Relationship between characters
In the story “Ionych” the main characters are in close relationship with each other. Chekhov shows readers how you can destroy your life with your own hands. The main characters Startsev and Katya feel sympathy for each other. Katya strives to leave the city, to refuse the love of Dmitry Ionovich, not realizing that she is thereby pushing him away. He will no longer be able to forgive her and will forever lose interest in her. Perhaps their couple would have been happy if Katya had been down-to-earth and Dmitry more persistent. But their characters did not agree. That's why they were both left alone.
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Case history.docx
Disease history Nikolai Ivanovich Chemshi-Himalayansky
Symptoms ( what is the manifestation of his illness at the moment) : _________________________________________________________________________
How the disease developed and (if we can find out) what caused it
Document selected for viewing Lesson summary.docx
Lesson topic: A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry". The hero's responsibility for choosing a life philosophy
Subject: Reveal the ideological content of A.P. Chekhov’s story “Gooseberry”
Answer the question: what to devote your life to; evoke a feeling of rejection of such a life, like the hero of the story by A.P. Chekhov.
Be able to analyze a literary work (highlight the necessary quotes that prove certain thoughts, find vivid linguistic means used by the writer to express his position).
Reason, prove your thoughts, speak.
- What is happiness?
HAPPINESS,-I; Wed A state of supreme satisfaction with life, a feeling of deep contentment and joy experienced by someone; external manifestation of this feeling.
— How are the concepts connected: happiness and the meaning of life?
-What is the meaning of human life? Think about this topic, write down your thoughts.
The problem of the meaning of life has always worried Russian writers, including A.P. Chekhov.
At the end of the 19th century, new features appeared in Chekhov’s views and moods. Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky said about Chekhov at that time: “As the atmosphere thickened and things approached revolution, he became more and more decisive.” At this time, Chekhov began to persistently say in his works that “it is no longer possible to live like this,” that the time of great changes is already close, that the future is knocking on the door. More and more, A.P. Chekhov’s heroes are thinking about the question: how to live, what is the meaning of life. The same problem is addressed in the story “Gooseberry” (from the trilogy “The Man in a Case,” “Gooseberry” and “About Love,” written in 1898).
About history of creation will tell us the story
The birth of the idea for “Gooseberry” was inspired by the story of the famous lawyer, Chekhov’s friend, Anatoly Fedorovich Koni. He once told a story about a St. Petersburg official who had been saving money for a long time to buy a very expensive ceremonial uniform, embroidered in gold. Finally, the uniform was sewn, but there was no proper opportunity to wear it.
The item languished in the closet all winter, and the gold embroidery was tarnished by mothballs. The uniform has lost its original luster. Six months later, his owner died and, by the evil mockery of fate, he was buried in the very uniform that he had saved for so long and which he had not worn during his lifetime.
Chekhov was very touched by this story, and now he is already making the first rough sketches. In them, a St. Petersburg official turns into an employee of the state chamber, who saves all his life for an estate with a pond and gooseberry bushes.
Chekhov talks about Chimshe-Himalayan, who serves in the ward and more than anything in the world dreams of his own estate. His greatest desire is to become a landowner.
Chekhov's hero marries profitably, his wife dies, because in his pursuit of money, the Chimsha-Himalayan starved her. Having collected the necessary money, the hero finally acquires the desired estate. And he fulfills another of his cherished dreams: he plants gooseberries on the estate.
In the story “Gooseberry,” Chekhov uses a skillful literary device - a story within a story; we learn the story of Nikolai Ivanovich Chimshe-Himalayan from his brother. And the eyes of the narrator Ivan Ivanovich are the eyes of Chekhov himself, thus he shows the reader his attitude towards such people as the newly-made landowner.
Conversation with students.
— Today we will try to understand what A.P. sees happiness and the meaning of life in. Chekhov.
— Let’s imagine that the story “Gooseberry” is a kind of medical history. A patient, Nikolai Ivanovich, came to see Dr. Chekhov. The doctor, as he should, will write down two things in his chart: 1) what his illness is manifesting at the moment; 2) how it developed and (if we can find out) what caused it. Try, based on the text of the story, to reconstruct these two records 10 min ..
(“symptoms of the disease”: Nikolai Ivanovich (according to his brother - someone may note this) has turned into a real pig. He pretends to be a gentleman, speaks arrogantly about the common people, has gained weight, and is just about to “grunt into the blanket”, and most importantly, he is not interested in anything in life except gooseberries. All the happiness of his life is to eat his gooseberries.
“Case history”: desire to return to nature - desire to buy one’s estate - dreary service in the government chamber - greed - dream of gooseberries - marriage - death of wife - purchase of estate ( in the Plaguecloth Wasteland and proudly adds a postscript to the name “Himalayan identity” ) - gooseberry and “happiness”.
Do you know who a hero-reasoner is?
What impression did “Himalayan identity” make on Nikolai Ivanovich? Why?
(instead of a clean pond there is a yellow river, there is smog all around due to factories operating nearby, there are pits, ditches, fences, and some awkwardly planted fir trees everywhere.
How did he see his brother?
In the yard he is met by a fat, lazy dog and an unkempt cook, covered in fat. Ivan Ivanovich doesn’t recognize his brother at first. From a modest official he turned into a typical gentleman. Fat, lazy, self-satisfied, he spends his days occupied with litigation with the above-mentioned factories, walking around his possessions and blissful idleness.)
How did the picture he saw in “Himalayan Identity” influence Ivan Ivanovich?
What does he call on the landowner Alekhine to do?
So what does A.P. see as the meaning of life? Chekhov?
Read the statement by A.P. Chekhov. Were we able to correctly understand the idea of the story?
At the beginning of the lesson, you wrote down your ideas about the meaning of human life. How do they relate to Chekhov's?
Has anything changed since the lesson?
Read the statement of the outstanding Russian literary critic Dmitry Ivanovich Pisarev. How do they relate to the idea of Chekhov's story?
— Of course, the main character of the story is Nikolai Ivanovich. But there are other heroes in the work. How do they appear to us?
Ivan Ivanovich and Burkin were imbued with love for this field, and both thought about how great and how beautiful this country is.
Alyokhin.“He was wearing a white shirt that had not been washed for a long time, and mud and straw were also stuck to his boots. The nose and eyes were black with dust” (but, note, this does not cause a feeling of disgust and disgust - on the contrary, he is beautiful in his work)
« Housemaid, young woman, so beautiful...” (not at all like Nikolai Ivanovich’s cook)
“Ivan Ivanovich threw himself into the water noisily and swam in the rain, waving his arms widely, and waves came from him... “Oh, my God...” he repeated, enjoying himself. - Oh my god…"
What unites these story characters?
All these heroes of the story have one thing in common: they see and love beauty, they love life, they are energetic, cheerful, they are not isolated in their own little world - these people are opposed to Nikolai Ivanovich. (taking antithesis) They are the ones who give us confidence that Nikolai Ivanovich will not strangle our lives.
Task 2. Try to determine when and what Nikolai Ivanovich made a mistake.
The first version, as a rule, goes like this: the end does not justify the means. Greed and callousness, many years of dreams of just one estate and gooseberries destroyed the patient’s soul. And when he seemed to be able to free himself and live to his full potential, he no longer wanted anything but gooseberries.
Let us note by the way that Nikolai Ivanovich acquired an estate of 120 dessiatines. Is it a lot or a little? This is a lot, because one dessiatine is 1.09 hectares, so the size of the estate is more than 100 hectares. The territory seems to be large, but there is no park, no space, no freedom, but there is a river the color of coffee and two factories in the neighborhood. The hero, not paying attention to fences or ditches, limited himself to only buying twenty gooseberry bushes, which he was incredibly happy about. He grows his gooseberries, tastes its divine taste (in fact, the berries are sour and tasteless) and does not pay attention to anything. The transformation has taken place: he is no longer “the former timid poor official, but a real landowner, gentleman.”
Analysis of Chekhov's story Gooseberry essay grade 10
The main character of N.I. Chimsha-Himalayan in the story “Gooseberry” is a petty official who grew up in the village, but moved to the city. He has the brightest memories of his childhood, so buying his own estate becomes his goal in life. The presence of gooseberry bushes near his future home seems especially important to him. He makes many sacrifices, infringes on himself in small things, and marries a wealthy widow without love. As a result, he acquires an estate in a dilapidated state. He plants gooseberries so that next year he can eat the sour berries with pleasure, without noticing that they are not tasty at all.
The story shows the degradation of one person who forgot about everything on his way to his goal. At the beginning, the dream itself looks romantic and touching: a man wants to find happiness in his own home, enjoy gooseberries on the terrace. However, the methods and means that the hero uses to achieve his goal make him forget about basic humanity, conscience, and sympathy for his neighbor. For the sake of an unsightly estate, he actually kills his wife.
Is any goal worth such sacrifices? During the time that Nikolai Ivanovich spent in pursuit of his dream, he grew old, flabby, became an insensitive, unscrupulous person who did not notice the general desolation of the estate, who forgot about the death of his wife. His brother, seeing him in this state, is upset that he has turned into such a pitiful person. For the main character, his dream becomes a “cocoon”, a “case” in which he fences himself off from the whole world. In his small world, the most important thing is the satisfaction of personal, egoistic needs.
The story teaches, first of all, not to forget about humanity, to evaluate your actions not only from the perspective of your own benefit. Also, do not forget that the purpose of life is not material wealth. Nikolai Ivanovich, tasting sour and hard berries, does not notice their taste. For him, what is important is the external manifestation of his achievements, and not the internal, spiritual fulfillment from the path he has taken.
The amazing and unique Anton Pavlovich Chekhov is famous for his unsurpassed stories that touch to the core. The work “Gooseberry” is not lacking in deep meaning, where the writer decided to raise an important problem in the modern world: the problem of understanding happiness.
The thought that prompted Anton Pavlovich to write a story is an interesting incident told to the writer by one person. Chekhov was told about the official that all his life he had dreamed of a smart uniform, as soon as he acquired it, there was nothing left to wish for. And there was nowhere to go in clothes, since no one organized formal receptions. As a result, the suit sat until the gilding on it faded over time. Thus, such a story prompted the writer to create an unusual work, in which it makes the reader think about how meaningless happiness can be, especially the pursuit of it.
What is special about this work? It is a “story within a story.” Chekhov introduces us to a character who is far from the concept of the meaning of life. Nikolai Ivanovich is an ordinary person who does not require particularly high desires, only the only thing that interests him: gooseberries. The character looked through many newspapers about where to find a good estate for growing gooseberries. He didn’t even marry for love, because the money that Nikolai Ivanovich received for the marriage was such a decent amount that he could realize his intentions for a comfortable estate. In the garden, he longs to sprout this beautiful creation.
Such activities became the meaning of his life. The hero completely devoted himself to his favorite pastime. On the one hand, it’s wonderful: to devote yourself to an exciting business, to immerse yourself in it headlong. But on the other hand: it is very sad to realize what your hobbies lead to, because by paying attention to hobbies, moving away from people, you are abstracting yourself from the world around you. But such an approach to life does not lead to anything positive, because, like a hero, leaving your thoughts for your low goal, after achieving it you no longer strive for something worthwhile.
Nikolai Ivanovich, considering that the gooseberry was his main achievement, was so happy and glad for this that he did not set any further goals. Very tragic. It’s the same in our lives: we often have false ideas about happiness, about the true meaning of life. And this needs to be corrected by reading Chekhov’s stories and analyzing them!
Thus, Chekhov showed the degradation of the character to the readers. It was clear how in the process of achieving the intended goal, Nikolai Ivanovich’s soul hardened. He was so indifferent to the life around him that he lived alone, withdrawn, spending his time uselessly. Looking at the spiritual fall of the hero, it is worth drawing the right conclusions! Happiness should be sublime! No one should be complacent!
Analysis of Chekhov's story Gooseberry
Several interesting essays
“Mtsyri” is considered one of Lermontov’s successful poems; it can be considered an example of Russian romantic poetry.
In literature lessons we studied Griboedov's wonderful work Woe from Wit. Its meaning is reflected in the name itself. Throughout the comedy, we observe Famusov and Chatsky, their actions, thoughts and lifestyle.
It’s worth thinking about polluting the earth and air first. After all, even a small piece of paper or a candy wrapper can cause harm
A person’s age does not affect his formation to such categories as experience and mistakes. No one is safe from them. However, the degree of responsibility is different for everyone. In other words, some people take it very seriously, others don’t.
Each person answers this question in his own way, since it is impossible to give an exact definition to it. Everyone thinks and feels differently, so the manifestation of love is also individual for everyone.
Story by A.P. Chekhov "About Love". Analysis of Chekhov's "About Love"
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov is one of the brightest representatives of Russian literature. His works are distinguished by their brevity, incredible capacity and richness of philosophical content, which is confirmed by Chekhov's analysis. “About Love” fully reflects the writer’s style and contains all the author’s basic artistic techniques.
What is a story?
Before you begin to analyze Chekhov's story “About Love,” you need to understand what the genre of this work is.
The story is an epic genre, characterized by a small volume and unity of events. Most often, the story tells not about a person’s entire life, but about some specific moment that influenced the fate of the hero. Also, the author in this genre always aims to present his ideas as briefly as possible.
It is impossible to begin a creative analysis of Chekhov without describing the content of the work. “About Love,” like all the writer’s stories, is distinguished by a fascinating and unusual narrative.
The main character Alekhine is served by the maid Pelageya, who is in love with the hooligan and drunkard Nikanor, the cook. The girl does not want to get married, and her lover cannot live with her in sin because of his piety. This often gives rise to quarrels between them.
Being a direct witness to what is happening, Alekhine launches into discussions about love. In his opinion, this feeling does not tolerate any laws and manifests itself in each individual in its own way. However, a Russian person constantly strives to complicate everything, so he cannot simply love and try to introduce some rules.
Then Alekhine talks about his love. His story began on the Sofiino estate, where he arrived after graduation. However, his father also left a considerable debt along with the property after his death, so Alekhine has to start working.
The hero's affairs are gradually improving, and he is elected to the justices of the peace. Now Alekhine often travels to the city, which gives him considerable pleasure: communication with society attracts him. Alekhine even makes a friend - Luganovich, with whose wife, Anna Alekseevna, the hero falls in love. In the Luganovich family, the young man is welcome, he becomes close to the married couple. The spouses show concern and care for him, even offering to lend money to pay back the creditors. However, Alekhine refuses.
The hero is tormented by thoughts of how Anna Alekseevna could marry such an ordinary person as Luganovich. Anna herself falls in love with the young man, but they are both forced to hide their feelings. Over time, the married couple has children, Alekhine continues to visit friends, goes for walks with Anna Alekseevna and to the theater, which causes unpleasant gossip.
Anna's character begins to change, the woman becomes irritable, nervous, ironically sarcastic, she understands that she is doomed to a further unhappy life. Soon the Luganoviches decide to move to the western province. Anna goes first, and Alekhine volunteers to accompany her. When the woman gets on the train, the hero realizes that she forgot her basket. He heads into the compartment to return the item he left behind, and then Anna kisses him. The characters hug, cry and confess their feelings; they finally understand that all the obstacles that prevent them from being together are ridiculous. Alekhine travels through one station with Anna, then gets off the train and returns home. From this moment on, the hero lives as before, works hard and does not try to make his existence happy.
Main character
It is also necessary to consider the image of the hero before starting the analysis of Chekhov. “About Love” is a monologue story. We hear only the voice of the main character, but the author does not show himself at all.
The main character of the story is Pavel Konstantinovich Alekhine. He is a smart, decent and intelligent person. His life is bleak and lonely. To confirm his reasoning that love has no laws, the hero tells the story of his love. It was moral laws and doubts about the correctness of their actions that prevented him and Anna from being together. But all the time that the married couple lived in the city, the lovers suffered unbearably and suffered. And the understanding that love has no barriers came too late and only brought new pain.
There is tragic realism in this story, as in many others that Chekhov wrote. The work “About Love” is filled not with joy and happiness, as the title suggests, but with loneliness, pain and hopelessness.
Analysis of the work
Love defies any rules, and here human experience is completely useless. And as always, Chekhov remains true to himself, he does not teach anyone anything. The writer dispassionately tells the stories of human lives, and the reader has the right to draw his own conclusion. That is why his author's position is so difficult to determine.
The story we are considering is part of the whole, which is Chekhov's trilogy. “About Love,” along with the works “Gooseberry” and “Man in a Case,” is part of a cycle united by three heroic narrators.
Thus, Chekhov’s story “About Love” is a complex philosophical work that reveals the meaning of human feelings, but does not give a clear answer to the question of what love is.
The main characters of the story “Ionych”
The ideological meaning of the work
The story “Ionych”, written by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, dates back to the late period of the author’s work. Most works of this period are characterized by a dramatic and even tragic orientation. The story is saturated with sadness and loneliness and vividly reflects the contrast between dreams and reality. The author was able to masterfully reveal this topic using the example of the young doctor Dmitry Ionovich Startsev. Just by telling the story of a person, Chekhov showed the enormous injustice of life: the harmony that every person strives for is extremely easy to destroy, and the reason for this is not some global catastrophe, not illness, not fate, but the person himself. The main characters of the story “Ionych” by Chekhov each strive for their own dreams. Each of the characters strives to achieve their goal. Startsev dreams of finding stability and family happiness. Ekaterina Turkina dreams of freedom, a career as an artist, and personal development. Her parents dream of their daughter’s happiness and well-being. But not all dreams are destined to come true.
Characteristics of the main characters
The main characters of the work “Ionych” are not specific images, but only collective characters. Zemstvo doctor Dmitry Ionovich Stratsev– a young, enthusiastic, educated person, but not striving for high goals. However, he knows exactly what he wants and certainly achieves it. This image is key in the work; it is his patronymic that the story is named after. Startsev is a rather simple and open person; he has no hidden thoughts or desires. He is not used to bending his heart and going against his feelings. If he is in love, it means he is directly saying that he wants to get married. If he is disappointed, he is unwilling to say otherwise.
Another key image in this story is Ekaterina Ivanovna Turkina, in the first chapters called by the forest name Kotik. A young dreamer, a little naive, but confident in her own abilities. She is stubborn and goes against her parents. The girl dreams of a great future. She definitely wants to leave the city for the capital. She does not take any moral teachings from her mother seriously. Her personality also changes. In the last chapters, she is no longer that selfish person. Life and the creative failures that happened to her in Moscow left an imprint on her character: self-confidence disappears, enthusiasm disappears.
Parents Ekaterina Ivanovna respected people in the city. The most educated and well-mannered. They constantly gather a large circle of guests at their home and are famous for their hospitality, wit and talents.
Ivan Petrovich Turkin He has a masterful command of words and can brighten up any evening with conversations, jokes and funny stories. His distinctive feature is the ability to smile with his eyes. It seems that he sees through people and is able to read their thoughts. After all, he can find a common language with almost every person. Turkin is devoted to his family.
Vera Iosifovna– Ivan Petrovich’s wife writes stories and has a tendency to read them after every tea party. She is quite modest and believes that there is no need to publish her works. They are intended for the soul, not for material gain. She loves both her husband and daughter. The woman is worried about the latter. She wants Katya’s fate to be successful.
Relationship between characters
In the story “Ionych” the main characters are in close relationship with each other. Chekhov shows readers how you can destroy your life with your own hands. The main characters Startsev and Katya feel sympathy for each other. Katya strives to leave the city, to refuse the love of Dmitry Ionovich, not realizing that she is thereby pushing him away. He will no longer be able to forgive her and will forever lose interest in her. Perhaps their couple would have been happy if Katya had been down-to-earth and Dmitry more persistent. But their characters did not agree. That's why they were both left alone.
Lesson summary on Literature “Problematics of A.P. Chekhov’s story “Gooseberry”, grade 10
Pedagogical workshop on literature in 10th grade
Subject:“Problematics of A.P. Chekhov’s story “Gooseberry.”
— teach students to see and formulate the central problem of the story;
— develop communication skills;
— to form in the minds of students the concept of a moral scale of values;
— cultivate a culture of communication, respect for the opinion of another person.
Equipment: DVD equipment, feature film by K. Shakhnazarov “Courier”, magnetic board, medical caps, handouts, texts.
Epigraph for the lesson:“It will also be that the disease is indicated, but God knows how to cure it! (M.Yu. Lermontov).”
- Draw your dream. Label the drawing.
— Before you present your work, watch an excerpt about the cherished desires of the characters in Karen Shakhnazarov’s film “Courier.”
— Why does the main character’s desire cause such a reaction?
— What two groups can all your cherished desires and dreams be divided into?
- Determine which group your dream belongs to. Accordingly, attach the drawing to the right or left board.
3. Creation of a creative product.
(The teacher invites students to transform into medical workers.)
— Dear doctors, today at a medical consultation we are discussing a complex but interesting case of illness. This is a patient of Dr. A.P. Chekhov. The main character of the story told by the veterinarian Ivan Ivanovich is sick. But with what? and what is the cause of this disease? This is what we have to find out.
— Let’s imagine that the story “Gooseberry” is a medical story. Fill out the patient's card (first 2 columns).
(The teacher reads an excerpt from the story, students fill out the table.)
Pretends to be a gentleman
He talks arrogantly about the common people, he’s grown old, he’s put on weight, he’s about to “grunt into the blanket,” he’s not interested in anything except gooseberries.
I wanted to return to nature - buy my estate - dreary service in the government chamber - dream of gooseberries - greed - marriage - death of my wife - buying an estate - gooseberries - happiness.
Group work.
— Try to determine when and what Nikolai Ivanovich made a mistake? Choose from the proposed aphorisms the one that can be written as a diagnosis in column 3 of the table. Explain your position in a short argumentative essay.
1) The end does not justify the means.
2) Happiness spoils a person.
3) Mundane dreams ground the soul.
4) From rags to riches.
4. Socialization. Students read their work in groups. One work from the group is presented to everyone. Students keep “three-part diaries.”
My point of view
1. The end does not justify the means. Nikolai Ivanovich’s greed and callousness, many years of dreams of an estate and gooseberries destroyed the patient’s soul. When the hero achieves his goal and seems to be able to free himself and live to his full potential, he no longer needs anything except gooseberries, and he has forgotten how to live to his full potential, to experience the feelings that he experienced in childhood.
Of course, in the story A.P. Chekhov does not call for giving up material desires, for example, buying a house with a garden. But it is important that there is a sense of proportion in everything. You cannot act immorally in order to achieve a goal. Nikolai Ivanovich's fanaticism destroyed his wife.
Thus, our diagnosis is the patient’s lack of sense of proportion.
2. Mundane dreams ground the soul. One cannot but agree with this statement. A.P. Chekhov denounces vulgarity and philistinism in other stories. Nikolai Ivanovich dreams of gooseberries. What will a person with such a dream strive for? This dream is quickly realized, but it turns out that the hero goes a long way towards realizing this dream. So, perhaps, the embodiment of his dream is not the dream itself?
Note also that the patient's brother offers several prescriptions for medicine. One of them is to do good. What could be higher than this dream?
So, our diagnosis is an incorrect assessment of life values, an orientation of life towards achieving material well-being.
3. Happiness spoils a person. “The happy feel good only because the unhappy bear their burden in silence, and without this silence happiness would be impossible,” says Ivan Ivanovich Chimsha-Gimalaysky, the brother of our patient. So being happy is immoral? A happy person is complacent and blind. Having achieved his happiness, the hero also became like this. “A change in life for the better, satiety, and idleness develop in a Russian person conceit, the most arrogant,” notes the narrator.
The hero who confirms the validity of the aphorism can be considered Alekhine, who, as we know, is forced to live on the estate and work day and night. This man is not like our patient, he cannot be called immoral, but unhappy, perhaps.
Consequently, the diagnosis of Nikolai Ivanovich is a happy person.
4. Our patient, as they say, rose from rags to riches. It is no coincidence that A.P. Chekhov twice mentions his origin: his grandfather is a man, his father is a soldier who rose to the rank of officer. Having lived as a landowner, the hero - “the former timid poor official” - pretends to be a master. Now Nikolai Ivanovich speaks in the tone of a minister the truisms about education, corporal punishment, people's love for the master. He was finally able to realize all his ambitions, but, playing the role of a landowner, he got too carried away and forgot himself.
We believe that the patient's diagnosis is increased self-esteem.)
5. Individual work. Design of “three-part diaries”.