Types of wooden wall decoration. How to sheathe walls inside a wooden house - the right choice of material

Having built a house from wood, most likely you wanted to do something natural and natural in its interior decoration. At the same time, do not forget about the beauty of the interior, which can be created from the most common materials, with certain knowledge.
Decorating the walls of a wooden house from the inside can be a truly exciting experience. In this article we will talk about how you can transform the appearance of your "fortress".

As in all works, this one should also follow a certain sequence.
Violation can significantly affect the appearance of the structure:

Before starting the installation of any material, it is necessary to pre-treat the walls. Remember that wood is a material that is afraid of moisture, mold and insects.
Plus, assembling a house from wood will not create ideal protection from cold and drafts.
All cracks are clogged with tow or moss, which will create a heat-insulating barrier and reduce heat loss by up to 40%. If you plan to sheathe walls and ceilings with frame structures, then this will allow you to mount additional layers of hydro, heat and vapor barrier.
If there is no frame, then you can perform insulating treatment using mixtures, mastics and impregnations. Resistance to fungi and insects is achieved in a similar way, using special antiseptic solutions.
Such wood processing, initially relieves you of the problem of the appearance of rodents, which is very important for a country house.
Many materials combine the listed properties at the same time. This will save you from having to do the same work over and over again.
All of the above measures will increase the life of your repair, and the house as a whole, and create a favorable climate for its inhabitants.

Finishing materials

There are a wide variety of materials on the market today. To understand them for an inexperienced person will be very difficult, if not impossible.
Therefore, we will try to make the most detailed analysis of all common options:

One of the most affordable ways is to finish the walls of a wooden house with drywall. This material enjoys unprecedented popularity today.
It is unpretentious and easy to process, durable and flexible at the same time. There are even moisture-resistant and refractory sheets (GKLVO).

Another advantage of using this material is that you get perfectly flat walls and ceilings. And all this for quite reasonable money.
The average price of one square meter of drywall will cost you about 100 rubles (excluding the cost of the frame).
You may not have to spend money on a frame, since a wooden house has many wooden beams, or it may even be of a frame type, which will simplify the process of installing drywall as much as possible. In this case, the set of tools required for installation is also reduced.
All you need is a screwdriver, a wood saw and a regular utility knife.

It is also very important that when creating frames, you have the opportunity to hide all technical components, such as: elements of the heating system; ventilation, electrical wiring; water and sewer pipes; unnecessary overlaps that do not carry any aesthetic value.
Also, the free space under the main skin is well ventilated, which saves you from excess dampness. In addition, you can create niches, build in lighting fixtures, consumer electronics, and even an air conditioner.

Lining and plywood

Finishing the walls of a wooden house with plasterboard is profitable and simple, but there will always be people who will ask: “Where is the natural appearance? Where is the unity with nature?
We built an ordinary city house!”.
In this case, natural materials will come to your aid:

One of the most common and beautiful options is clapboard wall decoration. Lining is a planed wooden panel with a tongue-and-groove fastening system.
The standard panel width is 96 mm, the length varies from 2 to 6 meters.

There are several types of lining, differing from each other in the profile of the board, the thickness and width of the working surface. Let's take a look at the most common ones.
Standard - a regular board with straight chamfers (see photo above). Block house - a wider board, made in the form of a rounded beam. Imitation of timber - the name speaks for itself.
This view is also wider than the standard one.
All lining is divided into four quality classes: "Extra", "A", "B" and "C". From best to worst. Also pay attention to the type of wood.
About the properties of each variety separately, you can find additional information on our website.
Mounting the lining to a wooden base is also quite simple. From the tools you will need a screwdriver and an electric jigsaw.
The fastening of the board is carried out using a hidden metal clamp, which is fixed with ordinary wood screws.
Decorating the walls with plywood in a wooden house is another way to achieve great looks and functionality using materials made from wood.
Although plywood is not as environmentally friendly as lining, its basic properties are not inferior to natural wood. This material can easily sheathe large areas.
The main thing to remember when choosing plywood is the same ubiquitous moisture. If you have not isolated the room from leaks and condensation, then be prepared for the appearance of dark spots and stains, and over time, the plywood in these places will rot.
Therefore, approach the issue of finishing wisely. Not only the appearance is important, but also the functionality of the room.

Take a look at the image above and you will understand that even a rough seamed plywood finish can complement the overall style and create an original look of the room.
This room has all the advantages of wood frame construction. We see a lot of niches (see How to finish a niche in a wall and in a partition), shelving and shelves.
Built-in lighting visually divides the space into zones, and emphasizes each of them favorably.
The far wall is finished with clapboard, and in its center there is a screen canvas for the projector. He himself nestled on a load-bearing beam, which is also decorated with plywood.
The floor is also sewn with the same material, but the laying has already been done more carefully, without obvious seams.

Wooden houses are very popular among the population, because they are distinguished by beauty, environmental friendliness and a kind of grace. Inside, such a dwelling creates a warm and cozy atmosphere. If you properly finish such a house from the inside, then for many years several generations of residents will be able to live in comfort and beauty. Photos of examples of interior decoration of houses can be viewed in the presented selection.

When choosing materials for the interior decoration of a wooden house, you should pay attention to many factors. Summer-only homes and all-season buildings require different materials. If the house is built for living only in the warm months, then there is no need for any additional insulation materials. In this case, varnish, stain or special tinting is sufficient for wood processing.

A wooden house is good because it retains its unique microclimate. The materials used for interior decoration should not adversely affect temperature and humidity. The optimal finish for such a house should be suitable in composition to wood, that is, to be safe and environmentally friendly.

The coefficients of the main material of the house and decoration should also be taken into account, since the temperature difference and humidity can expand or contract the materials. Wet rooms with strong heating are undesirable to build from a coniferous array. In such a microclimate, resin actively begins to stand out. When decorating different rooms in the house, you should take into account the features of the room, but keep the overall theme.

Features of the use of drywall

Drywall as a finish is recommended to be used if it is necessary to eliminate any defects: smooth out uneven walls or close communications. Interior partitions are made from drywall, and ceilings are also trimmed with them. If it is required to finish a room with high humidity, then it is recommended to use moisture-resistant materials, and if the temperature is elevated, then fire-resistant coatings will be required. Under the drywall, a crate of timber is usually installed. The design of a metal profile for wooden houses is not suitable.

clapboard

Although lining has been used in construction for a long time, new, modern types of this material have now appeared. The photo shows that it looks very aesthetically pleasing and easy to install. The slats are interconnected using special fasteners, allowing you to create a perfectly smooth beautiful surface. Clapboard lining is suitable for a bathroom, kitchen, veranda, that is, for rooms where it is always humid.

The lining has the following advantages:

environmental friendliness;
ease of installation;
a wide palette of various colors and shades;
large selection of varieties.

The disadvantages of this material include too high a price and the fact that it needs careful maintenance. Before you begin to sheathe the walls with clapboard, you need to install a crate of timber. The lamellas are thoroughly cleaned and dried beforehand. If there are stains, they are removed with ammonia or hydrogen peroxide. The final stage is coating the lining with varnish, sanding and one more varnishing.

Block house

Recently, a new type of wall paneling has gained great popularity all over the world - a block house. The use of this material for cladding the walls of a wooden house allows you to save the unique microclimate of the room. The block house is made of high quality wood and surpasses natural wood in its characteristics and performance. Even after a few years, the finish looks brand new.

The main advantages of the block house:

mechanical strength;
environmental friendliness;
aesthetic appearance;
light weight;
ease of assembly.

The texture of the material resembles natural wood and is highly decorative. From the photo you can evaluate the quality and aesthetics of the block house. For interior decoration, lamellas with a thickness of no more than 25 mm are suitable. It is undesirable to use thicker lamellas, since increased strength of the timber crate will be required. This, in turn, will lead to a decrease in free space in the room. The disadvantages of the material include too low vapor permeability and increased flammability.

When calculating the required amount of material, always add 10% to the stock. If suddenly there are not enough lamellas, then you will have to buy from another batch, which may differ slightly in color. After delivery from the warehouse, the material must lie in the room for two days in order to reach room temperature.

Block house wall decoration

Stages of work when finishing a block house:

the material is mounted on a crate made of timber, every 50 cm;
the distance between the bars is laid out with a heater. In this way, heat and sound insulation is preserved;
individual boards of the block house are easily connected to each other with the help of protrusions located on their surface, this can be seen in the photo;
on top, the material is varnished, which should be updated periodically.

Clean log house

If desired, you can make the interior of the house with a clean log house. This will preserve the natural style of the room, providing a unique aroma of fresh wood. In recent years, this type of finish has become increasingly popular due to environmental friendliness, beauty and durability.

A clean log house requires regular maintenance: updating the coating, removing dust and pollution. After five years, additional grinding and varnishing of the surface will be required.

Profiled timber as a finish for a wooden house

The disadvantages of this type of finish include high flammability and the possibility of decay. Also, a clean frame will not be able to hide the flaws of the walls, which are formed over time from moisture, temperature changes and shrinkage.

Plaster

Plaster in wooden houses is suitable only as a decorative coating for some areas. It will be correct to finish with textured types of material.

The advantages of this type of material, they can be seen in the photo:

quickly levels surfaces;
retains its original properties for a long time;
very resistant to various mechanical influences;
does not need careful care;
dirt is not absorbed;
large palette of colors and textures.

The price of the material in stores is quite high. Moreover, the putty finish needs to be updated every five years due to the shrinkage of the wooden house. If this does not scare, then the finish can be done with the help of plaster.

Painting

This option for finishing a private house is suitable for smooth surfaces without any flaws. First you need to carefully sand and tint the surfaces of the walls. The existing small defects in the seams are hidden with a special cord. It also serves as a heat-insulating element.

By painting the surfaces of a wooden house, you can highlight the natural beauty and style. For wall surfaces and ceilings, both colored antiseptic and water-based paint are suitable. Such processing creates aesthetics and allows the base to breathe.

What is good color antiseptic:

protection against fungal diseases and mold;
preservation of the structure of the tree and the natural texture of the log house;
aesthetic appearance;
the natural patterns on the wood stand out, creating a decorative tone.

First, the surfaces are treated with a colorless antiseptic, and then coated with a tinting solution. If desired, you can achieve any intensity of color. It depends on how many layers to apply. In modern stores, you can choose a tinting composition of a wide variety of shades. Types of coatings have a different structure - from glossy to silky matte. The choice of coloring, as shown in the photo, will help create an individual style of the room.

Panels

This is a fairly popular type of decoration that helps to emphasize the unique style of the interior. The choice of materials is very large, so that everyone can choose them according to their taste and for different styles. Modern panels are made of laminated, veneered MDF, which imitates drawings not only of wood, but also of leather, bamboo, and gypsum.

What are wall panels good for:

convenient installation;
good heat and sound insulation;
stylish look.

Panels are selected according to the size in each case. First you need to install a fixed crate of timber. It is very easy to mount the elements; for this, a tongue and groove system is used. After finishing the work, a smooth coating without seams is obtained, which is suitable for the interior of any room.

Wall paneling

Choosing a surface for the floor

Choosing a floor covering for a wooden house should be done with great care, because it should be distinguished by significant strength and reliability. Natural boards on the floor emphasize the style of the room, harmoniously complement it. In order to protect the boards from moisture and exposure to pathogenic microorganisms, they are varnished and antiseptic.

Finishing the floor with laminate will decorate the room, creating a unique style. This coating is laid down very quickly. The laminate looks quite natural, it has the structure of natural wood. It does not require special care and is quite durable.

Laminate floor finish

Experts assure that in a private house it is necessary to use thermal insulation. Special insulating material is laid on the subfloor until the final finish. The insulation can be mineral wool, foil insulators or special bulk materials, such as those shown in the photo. Thermal insulation is laid out in the gap between the beams. The insulated subfloor should not come into contact with the finish. Between them there must be a gap of at least two centimeters.

How to finish the ceiling

For home decoration, how the ceiling surface is processed is of great importance. With the help of various materials, you can visually enlarge the room, make it more spacious and comfortable.

The coffered finish is becoming increasingly popular among buyers. Thanks to the combination of wooden beams and decorative inserts, it looks very beautiful and unusual. You can also use the painting on the ceiling. This option is more suitable for ethno style.

The ceiling in a wooden building, if desired, can also be finished with clapboard. With its help, a flat surface is created, and, thanks to the various textures and shades of the material, the completed ceiling will stand out against the background of the wall cladding.

Those who prefer a loft or country style interior may not finish the ceiling at all. Natural wood with natural chips, cracks and patterns will look very natural in such interiors, and the original beauty of the material will be preserved.

In the presented photo you can see the Scandinavian style of housing design. It is distinguished by a stylish concise design. This style is characterized by the use of natural wooden materials, both for the construction of the building and for its decoration. Such a house will have a different personality.

When finishing the ceiling in a room where it is often humid, the choice of materials should be approached especially seriously. It is undesirable to use only wood in this case, as it can rot over time. In rooms such as kitchen, bathroom, toilet, it is best to use stretch ceilings. The PVC coating will reliably protect the tree from moisture and steam. It has a varied palette of colors and textures and ultimately looks stylish and in the spirit of the times.

The most suitable ceiling materials:

stretch coatings;
laminate;
veneered panels.

How to sheathe walls

When finishing a wooden house, wall cladding is started after the installation of communications and electrical wiring is completed. First, the surfaces must be checked with a level and make sure that they are even. If there are irregularities, it is necessary to mount a frame or crate for laying. When installing a crate from a bar between the slats, it is required to leave a space of 40 to 70 centimeters. It is filled with insulating material.

Having fixed the insulation, they begin to clean it up. For it, you can use a variety of modern materials. Everyone makes the choice of surface, based both on their individual preferences and on the stylistic decision of the interior of the room, as can be seen in the photo. Lining and other materials imitating timber are very popular.

When using a lining that imitates timber, the room will acquire an original style, warmth and comfort. Be sure to before laying you need to make sure that there are no defects in the material: chips, damage and knots. After laying, the surface is treated with a special putty, sanded, stained and varnished.

When choosing between a matte or glossy finish, experts advise purchasing a semi-matte finish.

The fact is that glossy compositions acquire an unpleasant unnatural sheen after a short time.

Asking the question of what kind of finishing material is the best for covering walls, we can say that this is a natural frame. Of course, first you need to sand it, tint it, and then apply an antiseptic or water-based paint to protect the tree from various external damage. Also suitable for any materials on a natural wooden base. Cork is one of the modern stylish materials, but it has a significant drawback - a high price. If money is not an issue, then cork flooring can be a great option.

Stages of finishing a wooden house from the inside:

caulk;
finish the walls in a final version;
sheathe the ceiling;
lay flooring;
treat with stain;
paint.

Before carrying out finishing work, the walls must be treated with fire and bioprotective compounds. They serve to protect wooden surfaces from various external influences: moisture, fire, steam, bugs.

Having decided to build a wooden house, the owners often puzzle over how to hide communications in the walls. Since it is impossible to ditch the walls or use concrete screeds, communications are hidden precisely under the finishing coatings. You need to try to choose a finish so that it looks beautiful, stylish, modern and fits perfectly with the intended interior.

A modern wooden house is an excellent choice for a comfortable family stay. To keep it for a long time, it is necessary to choose and perform the interior decoration of the premises correctly, while maintaining environmental friendliness, naturalness, style and beauty.

The interior decoration of a wooden house is one of the integral components of construction work. The installation of internal surfaces is important not only from a practical point of view, but also for the entire design of the room. If you have certain skills, it is quite possible to do all the work with your own hands.

Features of finishing wooden surfaces are associated with the nature of the material itself: along with unconditional environmental value, the ability to store heat, wood is highly susceptible to decay processes. Temperature fluctuations, exposure to moisture and the activity of various microorganisms have a negative effect on it. All this is important to consider before starting to finish a wooden house inside.

The whole finishing process can be divided into 4 stages:

Wall finishing - wood processing, removal of all cracks, irregularities and sheathing.
Finishing the ceiling of the house.
Floor covering finishing.
Creation of interior design.

Each stage will be considered in detail and provided with examples of ready-made solutions and step-by-step instructions.

Decorating the walls of a wooden house: step by step instructions

Walls are one of the main sources of heat loss (up to 30% of the total). Accordingly, it is important not only to process the wooden floors themselves well, but also to install a layer of insulation that is optimal for this case.

Treatment of wood material with an antiseptic

Before carrying out all the main work, it is important to carefully treat all internal and external wooden surfaces with a special antiseptic.

An antiseptic is a liquid agent that performs several functions at once:

water-repellent properties allow you to protect the wood wall from moisture that penetrates with precipitation, as well as from the air; this is especially true in coastal regions with a humid climate;
protection against temperature extremes by creating an additional layer;
protection against the action of microorganisms (mold, bacteria) due to disinfectant properties;
additional protection against burning (some products include special fire-fighting components);
many antiseptics include various pigments, due to which the surface acquires a beautiful color after treatment.

There are a lot of options for all kinds of antiseptics on the market, and in principle they can be divided into several groups:

Made on a water basis, they are used mainly for interior work, provided there is no constant contact of wood with moisture.
Based on organic solvents, they are used both in external and internal works: they form a dense layer that does not allow moisture to pass through and has a detrimental effect on bacteria.
Combined include fire-fighting components, represented by special substances.

The treatment solution can be cancer, paint, primer and other means. Description of their purpose and benefits are presented in the table.

scuba diving	prevent the development of bacteria and mold; colorless; do not give odors, so they can be used indoors
varnishes for wood	well protect against moisture due to the creation of a dense layer
oils	penetrate into the thickness of the wood very deeply, providing protection for the inner layers; do not emit pungent odors, can be used indoors
paints	used as an independent tool, and auxiliary after processing with the main composition; paint wood in different colors
antiseptic primers	universal products that are applied directly to raw wood
waxes	viscous materials that are applied to prevent swelling and mechanical damage to wood

In more detail about the rules for choosing an antiseptic for a tree:

An antiseptic is applied using a conventional paint brush or spray, if the amount of work is quite large. When working with organic-based materials, it is better to wear goggles and a bandage.

In this case, you should consider a few simple rules:

Before applying the product, you should wipe the wood from dirt or mechanical deposits - but this is done not with water, but with a scraper and dry cloths.
Processing goes from the bottom up (so that the product does not drip onto the hands).
First of all, it is necessary to process inhomogeneous surfaces - with knots, cracks, as well as sections of cuts and ends of the bars.
Processing takes place at a temperature not lower than + 10 ° C in dry weather (humidity should be no more than 75%).
After treatment, leave the room to be ventilated for at least 12 hours.

NOTE. You should not impregnate with an antiseptic if the wood is very damp or cold, because in this case it will not be able to impregnate the material sufficiently.

Slot Finishing

The next important step in the interior decoration of a wooden house is the caulking of cracks to ensure complete tightness of the room.

You can choose different materials for this work:

artificial polymer products: sealants, resins, polyurethane foam;
traditional - flax, tow, moss;
the most affordable option is a mixture of sawdust, shavings, wood dust with wood glue.

According to the technology of work, there are 2 methods of finishing:

In the set - the material is first twisted into strips, then they are inserted into the slots and driven in.
In stretching - first, the gaps are filled with material, and then they are twisted and driven in.

The technology of caulking slots is simple and consists of the following steps:

The wall is cleaned of all irregularities, small protruding chips, fasteners with a grinder (this is done at the stage of antiseptic treatment).
Next, the material is inserted along the borders of the bars and hammered.
Slots are caulked with finer matter, often with the help of sealant or polyurethane foam.

Video - technology in action

You can also perform the so-called decorative caulk. It is more accurate and is performed in new log houses, which are expected to carry out large repairs to create a beautiful interior. The technology is as follows:

NOTE. It is advisable to carry out such work immediately after the completion of construction, since wooden beams shrink heavily in the first year.

Sheathing and insulation of walls in a wooden house

This is the most time-consuming and very important stage, since its ability to keep the temperature in winter and how neat the appearance of the walls will depend on the quality of the insulation and decoration of the room.

The sequence of work is carried out according to the following technology:

Laying a vapor barrier layer.
Installation of a layer of insulation on a wooden or profiled frame.
Installation of a protective layer from the wind.
Interior surface finishing (block house, wall paneling, drywall).

The corresponding sectional diagram of the wall is shown in the figure.

vapor barrier

The following materials are used as vapor barrier (waterproofing) materials:

polyethylene;
special mastics;
membrane-based films are the best option, since they are able to retain moisture, but at the same time they pass air well, thanks to which the house creates conditions for normal year-round ventilation.

insulation layer

Heaters are most often mounted on a wooden frame or metal (aluminum profiles).

Schematically, the ways of fastening the insulation with the help of wooden beams are shown in the figure.

In the southern regions, you can not use insulation, since wood itself stores enough heat. However, in most cases, the installation of such a layer is an absolutely integral part of the work on the interior decoration of the wall of a wooden house.

There are several popular insulating materials:

Video: Wall insulation technology using mineral wool and a wooden profile

Interior surface finish

Among the most popular materials that form the basis of the interior wall decoration in a wooden house, the following stand out:

drywall;
lining;
block house.

Drywall is a material that will provide a smooth inner surface, the ability to glue wallpaper or PVC panels to create a beautiful interior space.

The undoubted advantages of this material include the following:

it has high thermal insulation properties, which is especially important for regions with a Siberian, northern climate;
drywall is a very malleable material, so it is easy to work with it; in addition, almost any bends can be provided that will allow you to hide the irregularities of the main wall and create the basis for the original design of the house;
moisture resistance - many types of this material have similar properties.

The disadvantages of the material include:

fragility - you need to work carefully; besides, when the house draws down, the sheet can often crack and tear the wallpaper or other finishing materials;
drywall strongly holds moisture and does not allow the walls to "breathe";
the material does not effectively protect the house from outside noise.

NOTE. Drywall does not hold well any weights that are supposed to be kept on weight (shelves). Therefore, if you choose it for decoration, you should think over all the features of the interior in advance and decide in advance on the places for shelves, niches, etc.

Drywall comes in very handy when you need to make a false wall to create another small room. It is mounted very simply - based on aluminum profiles.

Another popular material for interior decoration of the walls of a wooden house is lining.

This is the most environmentally friendly material, and at the same time it is very affordable. Lining has other obvious advantages:

it looks very nice and allows you to create an interesting interior;
working with lining is very simple - just treat the wood with wood stain and fix it on pre-installed wooden profiles;
the material is not capricious in care - it is easy to clean and sufficiently resistant to mechanical stress;
perfectly "breathes" and does not clog the air of the room with artificial odors;
the surface of the wall is neat, smooth, so you can start wallpapering or installing PVC panels.

The only significant drawback of lining is its ability to rot and high flammability. However, treatment with the previously discussed means significantly reduces such risks.

Pine clapboard trim

And one more interesting material that appeared relatively recently is a block house. In fact, this is a wooden board that has two different surfaces:

front - convex, creating the effect of a log wall;
the back is flat.

Since the material is wood, it has about the same pros and cons. However, it is distinguished by great visual appeal - in fact, it already creates a unique country-style design in itself, which can be preserved in its original form.

Internal editing technology - on video.

Finishing the ceiling of a wooden house from the inside

Finishing work to insulate the inner surface of the ceiling and give it an attractive appearance is a very important stage, since heat loss through the roof is no less than through the walls (all heat rises).

In addition, it is important to ensure that the roof is completely waterproof. If it is planned to equip a living room (attic) in the attic, accordingly, sufficient sound insulation and floor strength should be ensured.

Most often, eco-friendly wood materials are selected for these purposes. They create pleasant, clean air at home, and on their basis, you can create a lot of design options for every taste.

Woodworking

The use of wooden cladding is the most natural and logical option in the case of the interior decoration of a wooden house. The material options are as follows (in order of increasing life):

plywood;
lining;
arrays of coniferous species (spruce, pine, larch and others);
more expensive arrays (beech, bast, ash, birch).

Structurally, there are 2 technologies:

The finishing methods are very simple, while the possibility of attaching them to the supporting beams allows you to complete all the work quite quickly. Some design options are shown in the video.

other methods

Of course, along with wood materials, there are other technologies for manufacturing the inner surface of the ceiling in a wooden house. The most common option is to create a stretch ceiling.

Along with the obvious advantages in terms of the possibility of creating your own design and the high operational strength of the material in the case of wooden houses, there are significant disadvantages:

stretch ceilings do not let air through, respectively, to some extent, a greenhouse effect is created;
profiles from stretch ceilings, together with the canvas, may be somewhat deformed as a result of subsidence of the house.

NOTE. This problem is most likely for old houses with worn foundations and roofs, as well as for newly built structures, which will inevitably shrink during the first years.

Finishing the flooring in a wooden house

The final stage of finishing work is associated with insulation and flooring of the floor surface.

In general, its structure does not fundamentally differ from the wall - there are also heaters, a waterproofing layer and the actual finishing material.

There are several important requirements for the floor at once:

it must constantly withstand heavy loads;
keep warm in the house;
be perfectly even
resistant to decay and mechanical damage.

Wooden floor

Structurally, the floor can be made in two ways:

wooden load-bearing beams with flooring;
concrete floor with wood flooring.

Both options have their pros and cons, and you need to choose based on the specific object. Concrete is durable, tightly blocks the access of insects and rodents to the house, besides it is very durable for long-term mechanical stress and is not subject to decay.

At the same time, wood is not so durable, but it is warmer and does not heat the house in hot weather. The best option in many cases is a concrete floor with a powerful layer of insulation and wooden flooring. In this case, an exceptionally reliable design with additional heat-insulating properties is obtained.

The technology for installing a wooden floor is simple:

NOTE. If the floor is mounted on the basis of wooden beams, then special attention should be paid to their treatment with an antiseptic. It is better to do several approaches of 2-3 layers.

Concrete floor

In the case of the construction of a concrete floor, the material is poured in two options:

directly on the ground (a pre-dug pit is reinforced with a layer of sand, crushed stone and gravel to provide additional protection and drainage);
between the wooden logs passing under the house.

The concrete is reinforced, after which a layer of waterproofing is required, and then a wooden floor is laid using the same technology.

Creating an interior in a wooden house

The interior decoration of a wooden house should be carried out with preliminary design planning. It is conditionally possible to distinguish 2 groups of design:

"Urban" - when ordinary wallpaper is glued to the inner finishing layer or PVC or MDF panels are mounted, and in this case the interior is no different from an ordinary city apartment.
Country - Styling for a natural, rustic look with classic light and dark brown warm tones. In this case, the finishing material itself (especially the block house or lining) serves as the basis for the design.

The use of country is especially successful in the case of spacious rooms with 2 or more floors, spacious living rooms, since the wood wall creates the effect of space and provides fresh air due to the characteristics of the material.

Light colors are great for a bedroom or a children's room.

Warm, rich colors are appropriate in the kitchen, which create a cozy atmosphere for pleasant family evenings.

The wood surface is a versatile design element, as it also works well in spaces such as the bathtub.

The interior decoration of a wooden house is a job that is quite realistic to do on your own. It is only important to think over all the details in advance and take into account both the design features, the quality of the material, and its design capabilities.

Building houses from wood will be popular at all times. This material has its own characteristics that must be considered. Wall decoration in a wooden house is carried out after the building has stood up and given the main shrinkage. For glued beams, this time will take several months, for other types of log cabins, you will have to wait at least a year. It all depends on the moisture content of the feedstock, the temperature and humidity conditions and the construction season. If you finish ahead of time, the materials will crack or warp.

Finishing preparation

In order for the house to be warm, and the finishing material to retain its qualities for a long time, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work.

A month after the construction of the house from the inside and outside, you need to caulk the cracks with tow or jute. Start work from the bottom row of logs, gradually moving towards the ceiling. In this case, the logs rise by 30-50 mm.

Six months later, the second stage of warming of all joints of logs or timber is performed. The heat-saving properties of the building will depend on how densely the insulation is laid.

To determine whether the shrinkage of the house has ended, measure the distance between the logs and the height of the walls. If after 10-12 months there are no changes or they are insignificant, you can start finishing work.

Materials for interior decoration

The wooden house looks beautiful. Sometimes it is enough to sand the surface and coat it with impregnations that emphasize the structure of the wood and protect it from the processes of decay and damage by insects.

During repair work in old buildings, where there is a significant deformation of the walls, grinding alone is not enough, various types of finishes are used.

The properties and characteristics of such materials are presented in the table:

№	Material type	Specifications
1	Block house	Made in the form of a wooden lining, but has a convex surface. It will help to update the interior when repairing old houses. It has a very beautiful appearance, resembling a log. They produce material with a flat surface that imitates a log house. Suitable for wall and ceiling decoration, it contributes to the design of the room in the same style. The optimal thickness for interior decoration is 2-2.5 cm.
2	clapboard	It has an optimal price-quality ratio. Equipped with a special locking connection that facilitates installation work and provides a flat surface. The material is produced with a flat, rounded, embossed surface.
3	Drywall	With the help of finishing the walls or ceiling with plasterboard, you can completely change the interior of the room, give it a modern look. It is more often used for the installation of partitions or decoration in old houses. Moisture-resistant types are available that are suitable for use in kitchens and bathrooms. Raw materials are attached to a metal or wooden frame.
4	Wall panels	With their help, you can beat any design decision. Mounted on a frame or plywood base. Produced from: natural wood, leather, bamboo, MDF, glass with various decors, plastic. Panel and type-setting are made. Easily mounted.

Finishing the walls of a wooden house from natural materials, made from the same type of wood as the walls, will be the best solution. With thermal expansion or contraction, surface deformations will not be noticeable.

Characteristics of wood species

Wooden lining and block house can be made from various types of wood.

The properties of the most commonly used wood species are described in the table:

№	Material type	Properties
1	Oak	Very durable material with an interesting structure. Suitable for wall decoration in the bathroom and kitchen. Creates a unique atmosphere of comfort.
2	Pine and other conifers	When heated, resin is released, they are not suitable for finishing rooms with high temperatures. The best option for bedrooms and children's rooms, as they emit phytoncides that have a beneficial effect on the human respiratory system.
3	Ash	Afraid of high humidity, not suitable for use in the bathroom and kitchen.
4	Maple	With additional processing, it is able to imitate valuable wood species.

How to decorate the walls in a wooden house, everyone decides. When choosing the most suitable wall cladding option, it is important to take into account the properties of the finishing material and the degree of shrinkage of the house.

Installation of lining

This is the most popular material that is suitable for interior and exterior decoration. Raw materials of various shapes are made from different types of wood. When choosing impregnations, it is necessary to take into account where the product will be used, inside or outside.

For interior wall decoration in a wooden house, you should not take material thicker than 2 cm, since with an increase in thickness, the load on the walls increases and the cost increases.

The quality of lining and the presence of defects in an area of 1.5 square meters. m.

class C may have contrasting spots and stripes on the surface, the standard allows the presence of 2 knots and resin stains, with a cross section of up to 5 cm;
class B allows for contrasting spots, 4 knots and 2 resin pockets;
class A can have 1 surface crack and 1 knot;
extra class has the highest quality, does not allow the presence of defects.

The lining is mounted on a prefabricated frame. Communications are laid in the gaps between the crate and, if necessary, the space under the frame is insulated.

The lining brought from the store should lie for several days in the room in which it will be installed.

During installation work, it must be taken into account that the tree breathes and changes shape throughout the entire period of operation. To avoid deformation, you need to correctly calculate the gaps during installation. Do not nail the finishing material close to the ceiling and floor, leave compensation gaps of 20-40 mm.

They fasten the planks with the help of hidden fasteners or open fasteners, nailing or screwing self-tapping screws at an angle into the spike so that the next board overlaps the fastener and it is not visible.

To avoid deformation, chamber drying lining is purchased. Wood with a moisture content of more than 8% will gradually dry out. There are gaps between the trim elements. To correct the situation, you will have to shift the entire finish.

Block house installation

Lining block house is mounted on a wooden crate. All wood must be pre-treated against rotting and damage by insects.

Step-by-step instruction:

Treat boards and wood cuts with antibacterial impregnations.
Mount the frame strictly according to the level.
Panels start to fasten from the bottom. The first board is fixed strictly in a horizontal plane; the general appearance of the finish will depend on its location.
As fasteners, clamps or self-tapping screws are used, located at a distance of 400 mm from each other. Self-tapping screws are drilled at an angle into a spike so that the next bar overlaps the fastener.
At the corners and joints, the block house is interconnected using a special corner and a docking bar. They allow you to hide all the bumps.

When finishing a wooden house from the inside, the planks are positioned with a groove upwards so that the fasteners are invisible. For exterior decoration, the board is installed with the groove down so that rainwater does not get in.

Drywall installation

Finish the walls in a wooden house with drywall only when it is necessary to hide significant surface defects. This material completely changes the interior of the room.

Drywall is attached to the crate. Installation is possible only after complete shrinkage of the building, otherwise the gypsum will crack when the base moves.

Sometimes a floating frame is mounted, which does not move during shrinkage, which means that the quality of the drywall will not be impaired.

For a new house made of timber, it is not advisable to do such a finish, since it will hide the natural material.

Installation of wall panels

The walls inside the house, lined with panels, look very beautiful. On sale there are many options for different textures and colors, so it will not be difficult to choose a material suitable for the interior of the room.

Walls finished with panels imitating leather or stone will look harmonious in the fireplace area. We sheathe wall panels on a pre-installed crate, it is better to make it floating in order to avoid material deformation.

Features of finishing the bathroom

Most often in the bathroom, in order to sheathe the walls with high quality, a combination of several materials is used. Areas that are prone to splashes are tiled, and the main area is covered with wood.

To protect the walls in the bathroom in a wooden house from mold, a thick plastic film is attached to the surface with a stapler before mounting the frame for finishing.

Ideas for decorating walls in a wooden house can be gleaned from the video.

This technology leads to the greenhouse effect, so you need to provide high-quality ventilation of the room.

Painting

Over time, under the influence of aggressive environmental influences, wood undergoes aging. To protect the surface and extend the service life, the material is painted or varnished.

Paints and antiseptics for wood coating and their characteristics are presented in the table:

№	Paints and antiseptics	Properties
1	Glazing antiseptics	Contribute to the preservation of the quality of wood and emphasize its structure. They have a service life of 5 years.
2	Covering antiseptics	They have an opaque structure, hide the texture of wood, but retain its relief. The term of operation is 7 years.
3	Acrylic paints	Elastic and breathable, practically do not fade in the sun, resistant to negative atmospheric influences.
4	Oil paints	They are well absorbed into the wood, protecting it from moisture. The service life of such a coating is 4-5 years, gradually burn out, crack, do not breathe. When re-repairing, it is necessary either to completely remove the old coating, or to paint on top with oil paint. Rarely used.

Preparing for painting

Painting is carried out on a clean prepared dry surface.

How to prepare walls for painting:

clean the surface of dust with a brush;
remove the old coating;
mold and stains are cleaned or removed using special tools;
resin stains are cleaned with a spatula, then the area is varnished;
metal elements are opened with anti-corrosion compounds and primed.

A prerequisite is the coating with 2 layers of antiseptic before painting. The next layer is applied after the previous one has dried. Drying time for 2 layers - a week.

DIY painting

Painting a wooden house from a spray gun.

Rules for painting a wooden house:

Coating with an antiseptic and staining is carried out in the longitudinal direction.
To make the color uniform, add color to the primer to match the color of the paint.
At the ends, paint and antiseptic are applied in a thicker layer.
The old house is painted with paint on the same basis with which it was previously covered.

Optimal conditions for outdoor work are warm, calm weather. When painting in hot weather, the coating will dry too quickly, which can lead to cracking.

To create comfort and homeliness, you need to choose natural, natural, breathable materials. In order for the finish to last for a long time, the features of the change in the shape of wood with fluctuations in temperature and humidity are taken into account.

It's no secret that a wooden house is the most suitable for permanent residence, primarily because of its absolute environmental cleanliness. In the summer in such a house it is cool, and in the winter it is warm. As a rule, less energy is spent on heating a wooden house than on a stone or concrete building.

It is especially easy to breathe in a wooden building, and many illnesses are forgotten as soon as you cross the threshold of your own house made of wood. Now the tradition of building from natural environmentally friendly materials is returning again. In the first place, of course, the tree.

The interior is just as important as the facade

When building any house, special attention is paid to how it looks from the outside. And if the facade is decorated for public viewing, then the interior is important primarily from a functional point of view, and “decorations” here may be superfluous, many believe. But that's not the case at all.

The interior decoration of a wooden house is important from all points of view. There are many beautiful and, at the same time, highly functional finishes.

On numerous sites you can see photos of a beautiful finish of a wooden house and choose the most suitable option for yourself. As a rule, beauty here is equivalent to the concept of comfortable living.

The better to finish a wooden house from the inside

As you know, wooden buildings with sufficient durability still do not endure the vicissitudes of the weather so steadfastly. Therefore, it is customary to finish such a house outside with more resistant modern, including synthetic materials. The interior interior, of course, is best finished with wood. This is important primarily from an environmental point of view.

It is much more comfortable to live in a house trimmed with pure wood. However, the use of wooden arrays will significantly increase the cost of finishing a wooden house. This must be taken into account when designing.

The cost of such a finish can significantly exceed the cost of the construction itself. Therefore, it is sometimes advisable to resort to no less functional, but cheaper finishing materials made of composite wood.

It is also acceptable to use modern composite materials using synthetics. Natural solids include parts made entirely of wood.

The most common lining made of various types of wood.

Most often, lumber from pine, spruce and birch is used for decoration. Such a lining is quite simple both in manufacturing and in use when finishing. It looks organic in almost any, even the most modern interior.

Composite finishing materials made of wood are cheaper. In this case, the base of the finishing element is made of less valuable wood species, and the front part is decorated with expensive or even exotic wood species.

Combined finishing materials are often used, when the basis is synthetic materials, and the front part is natural wood. In many cases, fully synthetic finishing materials are also used.

In any case, it should be borne in mind that the use of synthetic materials in a wooden house is less appropriate than in a city apartment. Again, for reasons of greatest environmental safety.

DIY finishing

So, let's consider how to finish a wooden house with your own hands. Wood is just the material that almost anyone who wants to finish their home on their own can handle. Traditional lining is within everyone's reach, although it will require a lot of time and accuracy in work.

But the result will be many years of comfort without constant interior changes in pursuit of fashion. Conservative wood finishes never go out of style.

It is also quite simple to decorate your house with composite materials using precious woods. Such material will not be much more expensive than solid lumber, but it will make it possible to diversify the interior and make it more refined.

It is quite possible to use modern synthetic materials, but there is no need to overdo it if you decide to pay special attention to the environment.

It is also possible to finish the interior of a wooden house with traditional plasterboard, if necessary, leveling the walls, which is difficult to achieve using exclusively wooden structures. But then all the charm of contact with the tree, both visual and physical contact, will be lost.

Any non-natural material will not give the same warmth and comfort as even the most ingenuous piece of wood. It should also be borne in mind that a wooden house changes its size depending on the season and humidity, which does not happen with buildings made of brick or concrete.

Fluctuations cannot be classified as critical, but they still exist. If you use wood finishes for a wooden house, then these fluctuations will be compensated by the uniformity of the materials and will not be conspicuous. And for synthetic materials or drywall, this must be taken into account during construction and especially interior decoration.

It is necessary to provide additional compensating gaps so that the drywall does not crack over time, which happens very often in wooden houses. Here you can't do without specialists.

Additional calculations are always extremely important, taking into account the specifics of wood when using dissimilar finishing materials.

Why do everything yourself

There are many ways to do the decoration with your own hands. Each owner must always find a compromise between desires and their financial and physical capabilities.

You can always turn to specialists, but without a doubt, everything that is done with your own hands is many times more valuable than the work of even the most experienced master.

In our house, we always do everything from the heart and for ourselves, even if not everything turns out like a real professional. You can hire specialists, but then there will be no way to say: “But I did this myself!”

In matters of ecology and beauty, nature will always help

It is worth emphasizing that any natural finishing material can be considered environmentally friendly and healthy. Therefore, the decoration of the house inside can also be done with natural stone without restrictions, which also looks very beautiful. Here the flight of fancy is unlimited.

And if there are dull boulders near your house, bring at least one pebble home, put it near an empty wall and you will see how the stone itself will change and the interior of your house will come to life.

If you live in a house made of stone or concrete, bring any even the most unsightly piece of wood from the forest and again you will see how your home will change. The house will become much more comfortable and warmer.