Autonomous boiler for an apartment building. Rooftop boiler room of a multi-storey building

Every year, the cost of utilities, whether it be electricity or, is growing rapidly. Alas, this happens both because of the usual inflation and the rise in the cost of energy, and because of the banal greed of service providers. That is why today more and more people are looking for an alternative to reduce fees, which, apparently, in a few years will become simply unbearable.

Autonomous boiler room in an apartment building

And many people find a solution to this problem. One boiler house for an apartment building is able to fully satisfy the needs of all residents, providing them with high-quality heating, as well as supplying the right amount of hot water. However, installing your own autonomous boiler house is an extremely serious decision that cannot be made without thinking everything through and weighing all the pros and cons a hundred times. And for this you should be aware of both the pros and cons of this solution.

So, you are thinking about the possibility of installing your own boiler room, which would heat the entire apartment building and supply hot water to each of the apartments. What strengths and weaknesses do you need to be aware of in order to make the right decision that will not make you repent in the future?

Scheme of the heating system in an apartment building

To begin with, it is worth talking about the shortcomings, since there are much fewer of them.

On this, the main disadvantages of an autonomous boiler house are exhausted. Of course, they are very significant, which is why today not every house has a mini-boiler room installed. But still, the number of such mini-boilers is growing rapidly. Why? Due to the following advantages of independent heating.

Full independence from city monopolists in housing and communal services. Everyone is well aware that in every city there is only one company that provides heating and hot water services to residential apartment buildings. And they can almost uncontrollably increase the cost of their services. If you install your own boiler house, then the monopolists will no longer have leverage over you.
Minimizing heat loss. As practice shows, passing through many kilometers of heating mains, the coolant (hot water) loses up to 30% of the heat received (depending on the distance from the city boiler house). An example of heat loss in an apartment building
And end users also have to pay for this heat. In autonomous heating systems, heat losses are measured in fractions of a percent. So already due to this, the payment is reduced by a third.
A boiler room that heats one house, not thousands, is easy to set up. If it gets too hot in the apartments, you can easily reduce fuel consumption, and on frosty days - increase it. Thanks to this, the temperature in the rooms will always be optimal, suiting each of the inhabitants. You do not have to ventilate the premises, lowering the temperature and at the same time releasing heat into the street, for which a lot of money has been paid. But at the same time, you do not have to use additional heat sources (electric heaters) to maintain a sufficiently high temperature in the apartment.
To be kept in perfect order, it is enough to hire one dispatcher who monitors the readings of all devices, as well as one or two incoming adjusters who are involved only when breakdowns are detected. If your house is connected to the city heating main, you will have to pay for the services of not only dozens (or even hundreds) of ordinary installers, but also hundreds of accountants, directors, their deputies, secretaries, drivers and many others. This also saves a lot of money.
In most cases connected to the city heating plant, it starts from October 15 and ends by April 15. And even if autumn and spring are unusually cold or warm for a given area, no one will change the start and end dates of the heating season.
Therefore, in the off-season, it is often too hot or too cold in apartments. The presence of an autonomous boiler room allows you to turn on and off the heating exactly when it is needed. Most often, such decisions are made by the council of the tenants of the house. Of course, this allows not only to reduce heating costs, but also to maintain the optimum temperature in the premises, regardless of the temperature outside the walls of the house.

What conclusion can be drawn from all of the above?

An autonomous boiler room needs more attention and constant care from residents or specially hired specialists.

But it allows you to save a lot of money every month. Therefore, all initial costs will be compensated fairly quickly, and very soon you will notice that you have free money that used to go to pay utility bills.

Where should the boiler be located?

A very serious issue is the correct location of the boiler room. Most often, in apartment buildings, boiler rooms are installed either on the roof or in the basement. provide for the presence of the latter only in the basement or.

True, sometimes you can also see boiler rooms located in small buildings, standing a few tens of meters from the house. This can be a good solution: there is no need to lift and mount equipment on the roof of the building, but at the same time there is no risk of explosion due to fuel leakage and accumulation in the basement of the building.

But still, this method is not very popular: the need for additional construction, pouring the foundation and carrying out a large amount of land work scares away many potential owners of autonomous heating boilers. Therefore, only two options are usually considered - a boiler on the roof and in the basement. And it is worth talking about them in a little more detail.

It looks like a boiler room on the roof

What is good about the boiler room in the basement

Installation of a boiler room in the basement usually delivers much less hassle and problems: you do not need to lift equipment that weighs many centners onto the roof of a five-story (or higher) building. In addition, there is no need to carry out a series of complex calculations to determine whether the roof can withstand additional load, and if not, how much and how best to strengthen the supporting structures.

However, there are certain restrictions: the boiler room in the basement should not run on explosive fuel.

Therefore, gas and diesel boilers cannot be installed in the basement. The fact is that the fire and explosion of fuel tanks in the basement of the building endanger the integrity of the entire apartment building, as well as the life and health of residents. Only solid fuel and electric boilers can be installed in the basement.

An example of a boiler room in the basement of a house

The latter is inconvenient due to the high cost of electricity: the cost of maintaining an electric heating boiler is almost impossible to recoup. Solid fuels are difficult to maintain: fuel (wood, coke, coal, peat) must be loaded manually, 2 to 4 times a day.

It is also worth noting that when installing a boiler room in the basement, serious problems can arise when. Its highest point should be higher than the house in the basement of which the boiler room is installed, as well as higher than the houses nearby. Although some consider this problem.

Date: 12/12/2015

Energy resources are becoming more expensive - this is a fact, therefore, the issue of saving energy resources has become especially acute in recent times. This also applies to the heating systems of apartment buildings. The cost directly depends on the method of supplying heat to residents, of which there are currently two: centralized and autonomous.

Mini-boiler room in an apartment building and its advantages

If everything is more or less clear with centralized heating, then with autonomous heating - not quite. Of course, in addition to the advantages, mini-boiler rooms in apartment buildings have a number of disadvantages. Let's look at the issue one by one.

By her own an autonomous boiler room for a residential high-rise building is a separate room, in which equipment of such power is installed, which is enough to provide heat and hot water supply to the whole house.

Advantages

A shorter "path" from the generator to the consumer. Heat is less wasted along the way, because the distance itself from the mini-boiler house to the apartment building decreases.
The distance is shorter, which means that the consumer receives heat faster.
Mini-boilers are a relatively new thing: they are not as worn out as centralized heating mains, they require fewer resources for maintenance and repair.
The cost of such a boiler house is much lower just because of the previous three points.
We can say that the main and main advantage of a mini-boiler house in an apartment building is its proximity to a heated facility. In addition, turning on / off the heating can be adjusted to the actual air temperature outside the window, and not to accepted standards.
Another "plus" is the absence of the need to obtain numerous permits for tapping into centralized heating networks. Often the process is delayed, and tenants are not able to move into the purchased housing in a timely manner.

Flaws

Let's talk about the disadvantages of such systems.

An autonomous mini-boiler room must be placed in a separate room: it is located in the immediate vicinity of the object, sometimes in the form of a stationary building, sometimes in the form of an extension.
Cleaning systems need to be considered. Any boiler room in one way or another pollutes the environment, which is unacceptable for the courtyards of residential buildings. Therefore, it must be equipped with cleaning systems in accordance with the rules and regulations. This increases the cost of construction.
The high cost associated with the low prevalence of autonomous boiler houses - they have not yet been put on stream. Therefore, not all developers can afford them.

Rooftop boiler house, its maintenance and use can be beaten either in block-modular execution, or if its construction was negotiated even before the construction of the house itself - this brand is called "built-in". But in most cases, this structure is a set of blocks-devices that are assembled in a factory environment, brought to a multi-storey building and assembled on the spot.

Photos of completed objects

Gas-piston boiler houses
Combined boiler rooms

Advantages of this installation on the roof of a building

Assembling a rooftop boiler house - extracting an integral autonomous thermal station. Which has many advantages:

No need to sign contracts with multiple institutions and pay them for those. maintenance of equipment on the roof of the house;
Reduction of heat losses, which nevertheless take place if the object is installed at a distance from the heated structure. The heating lines through which the coolant is supplied to the dwelling are improved, which means their efficiency is much higher;
Payments for heat supply are reduced to the lowest mark, also because this installation in a high-rise building works automatically and does not prescribe the constant presence of service workers;
It is possible to open the OP and close it at a time when it is comfortable for residents. In case of early cold weather, it is possible to turn on the boiler room of a residential building much earlier than planned;

Calculate the cost of work for you

Statement of these objects

This entity is an autonomous structure that provides heating and hot water supply in residential and industrial premises.

The standards for planning, setting up and using this equipment are written in the SNiP for roofing installations. Additions and changes that are associated with the assembly and release of more high-tech equipment are indicated in certificates and documentation.

Types of aggregate data

There are two types of this equipment - built-in and block-modular type. Let's take it in order:

Installations built into the roof are used in new buildings. This unit is placed only in a house under construction or a building in which there is a place for the location of a heating plant. For built-in units, they must calculate the additional power on the walls of an apartment building, form a fire extinguishing module.

The main advantage of the equipment is the ease of formation and implementation of the plan. Together with the assembly, work is carried out on the layout of noise-absorbing coatings and vibration protection.

Block-modular unit

For the installation of a roof boiler room, a block-modular type is used. This is a more common variation of the production - during the overhaul. This unit is installed in case of modernization of the heating configuration. The plan is formed on the basis of the characteristics of the structure. Then the device is created and brought to the desired building.

Before installing, perform a roof check:

Verify the condition of the supporting structures;
Lay the safety cover at the assembly point. Behind it is a pillow of concrete;
Produce the installation of a noise-absorbing product;

Having completed the development, they connect the equipment to the heating network. It is adjusted, a heat carrier is placed. Having connected to the heating, they begin to use.

Equipment erection points on the roof

This, of course, is the formation of the project and the setting - the two main procedures in the construction of these units. In order to avoid all sorts of errors that lead to malfunctions, as well as the possible change of most of the equipment, you should contact the design and assembly company. Consequently, the technical requirements, the subscriber will be offered a large number of services, as well as proper engineering planning. In addition, specialized employees will help you choose the best modification of the unit, choose the right equipment, thus precisely satisfying the wishes of the client. In addition, the correct installation will be carried out, in exact proportion to all standards and regulations.

The cost of the roof boiler house of a residential building

What are the points to pay special attention to?

Before assembling the equipment, it should be taken into account that it forms a load on the structure.

Based on this, it is prescribed to comply with the rules and regulations:

It is not allowed to place the installation above floor slabs above inhabited rooms;
It is not allowed to place equipment in a room that is close to residential;
When planning, the dimensions of the building in which the unit will be placed are strictly observed;
When planning, an emergency shutdown structure is formed;

Some disadvantages

Roof boiler installation can be installed on residential buildings no higher than 9 floors;
Strong fluctuations in the action of the pumps of the structure, cause inconvenience to people on the upper floors;
High price category of equipment;

An important factor when choosing an apartment in a multi-storey building is the ability to save on heating and hot water supply (DHW). There is an opinion that the use of an individual boiler plant significantly reduces utility costs. In this article, we will consider why developers are building autonomous adjoining boiler houses, what this heating system is, and how profitable and safe it is for residents.

Disadvantages of a district heating system

Today in Russia, the vast majority of residential buildings, hospitals, kindergartens and office buildings use a centralized heat supply system and hot water supply from district heating plants (RTS), combined heat and power plants (CHP) or large boiler houses.

It's no secret that the state of both the CHPPs themselves and municipal boiler houses, as well as heating systems, leaves much to be desired, and in some cities it is close to catastrophic. Deterioration of heating mains, irrational use of capacities, high energy costs of obsolete equipment, frequent accidents and repairs lead to the fact that consumers are forced to pay for huge heat losses (up to 20% of consumption), depreciation of networks and labor costs for maintenance personnel.

In addition, residents of houses connected to the central heating system depend on the start and end of the heating season adopted by the city administration, regardless of the temperature in the room. This fact forces us to use household heaters in the fall, which leads to an increase in electricity bills, and to turn off the batteries in the spring, continuing to pay receipts with extortionate amounts for heating.

Preventive shutdown of hot water in the summer for a period of two weeks is also associated with a large number of facilities connected to one CHP or boiler house, where diagnostic or repair work is underway.

Often in apartments on the upper floors, the quality of heating and hot water is reduced due to the insufficiently high temperature of the water in the pipes.

These disadvantages have led to the fact that developers are increasingly building block (modular) boiler houses for heat supply to residential complexes and even individual apartment buildings.

The reasons prompting the developer to choose an autonomous heating system for the house:

Insecurity of the building site with engineering infrastructure,
The remoteness of the object from urban heating plants, but the presence of a gas pipeline nearby,
Lack of capacity and inefficiency of the central heating system,
Difficulty and/or high cost of coordination of technological connection to existing networks,
The density of buildings in the central regions hinders the work on laying heating networks,
The building area, free from heating mains, allows you to equip attractive recreation areas, parking spaces, playgrounds.

In addition, the presence of an individual boiler house is presented by developers as an additional advantage for potential customers and allows the facility to be positioned as comfort-class housing.

What is a block boiler plant

Block boiler plants (BKU) are manufactured at the factory and delivered to the facility in an already assembled form, the so-called block modules. From the outside, it is a small one-story building, similar to a trailer made of sandwich panels, inside which the following components and systems are installed:

hot water boiler, fuel combustion chamber, heat exchangers,
pumps for water circulation in the system,
equipment for water treatment and water treatment,
flues, chimneys,
gas equipment (when using gas),
DHW circuit equipment (if any),
automatic control and dispatching system, instrumentation.

By type of fuel consumed distinguish gas, solid and liquid fuel BKU. Combinations of several types of fuel are possible.
Gas boilers are most widely used due to their high efficiency (up to 95%), and they are also the most environmentally friendly. Coal, firewood, peat, pallets act as solid fuels, while liquid fuels are fuel oil, diesel fuel, waste oil.

By type of performance allocate the following modules of boiler installations:

Freestanding are used, as a rule, for heat supply of several buildings and are located at a certain distance from them.
Attached placed close to the end of the building.
Rooftop located on the roof or technical floor of an apartment building.

The latter version is gaining popularity due to its technical and economic advantages, as well as the best safety and environmental performance.

Benefits of autonomous heating for residents

Savings on utilities compared to apartments of the same size, heated from the main networks, is at least 45%, and in some cases reaches 200 - 300%. This effect is the sum of several factors: no need to pay for heat losses, the cost of transporting the coolant, the cost of maintaining and repairing worn-out main networks, and the labor of workers.

The calculation of payment for heating and hot water becomes clear and understandable for the consumer. It consists of the physical volumes of resources actually consumed for heat production for the billing period, multiplied by the tariffs corresponding to each resource. The consumption of raw materials, namely gas (or other fuel), cold water and electricity, is confirmed by metering devices. The total cost is distributed among the owners in proportion to the area of apartments and non-residential premises.

An additional advantage of having a home boiler house will be the independence of residents from the heating season schedule and scheduled hot water shutdowns adopted by the city authorities. The ability to independently quickly control the power of heat generation depending on the temperature outside the window allows you to use resources efficiently, saving on utility bills.

In terms of security, modern autonomous boiler plants are not inferior to centralized systems. Starting from design to commissioning, the process of creating a block boiler house is controlled by supervisory authorities. In addition, automatic security systems built into the control loop signal threats and block the operation of equipment in emergency situations. In the event of a breakdown, a backup boiler and pumps are provided.

According to the environmental parameters of emissions of exhaust gases into the atmosphere, a block boiler house is much safer than a thermal power plant, since the amount of pollution is an order of magnitude smaller, and if the roof is located, their dispersion improves.

The only drawback of an autonomous boiler room for apartment owners is the fact that it belongs to in-house engineering systems, that is, common house property. According to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the repair and maintenance of such property is carried out at the expense of the owners of residential and non-residential premises. In practice, these needs are included in the tariff for the maintenance and repair of common property in an apartment building. But since the planned life of the equipment is designed for 25 years, the considerable cost of replacing and installing it is stretched over time and distributed over the area, ultimately remaining profitable for the apartment owner compared to a centralized heating system.

Autonomous boiler house in an apartment building - benefits for residents
Autonomous boiler room in an apartment building - benefits for residents An important factor when choosing an apartment in a multi-storey building is the ability to save on heating and hot water supply (DHW).

Advantages and disadvantages of a mini-boiler house in an apartment building

Mini-boiler room in an apartment building and its advantages

Advantages

A shorter "path" from the generator to the consumer. Heat is less wasted along the way, because the distance itself from the mini-boiler house to the apartment building decreases.
The distance is shorter, which means that the consumer receives heat faster.
Mini-boilers are a relatively new thing: they are not as worn out as centralized heating mains, they require fewer resources for maintenance and repair.
The cost of such a boiler house is much lower just because of the previous three points.
We can say that the main and main advantage of a mini-boiler house in an apartment building is its proximity to a heated facility. In addition, turning on / off the heating can be adjusted to the actual air temperature outside the window, and not to accepted standards.
Another "plus" is the absence of the need to obtain numerous permits for tapping into centralized heating networks. Often the process is delayed, and tenants are not able to move into the purchased housing in a timely manner.

Flaws

Let's talk about the disadvantages of such systems.

An autonomous mini-boiler room must be placed in a separate room: it is located in the immediate vicinity of the object, sometimes in the form of a stationary building, sometimes in the form of an extension.
Cleaning systems need to be considered. Any boiler room in one way or another pollutes the environment, which is unacceptable for the courtyards of residential buildings. Therefore, it must be equipped with cleaning systems in accordance with the rules and regulations. This increases the cost of construction.
The high cost associated with the low prevalence of autonomous boiler houses - they have not yet been put on stream. Therefore, not all developers can afford them.

However, modern engineering solutions can eliminate some of the shortcomings. For example, an autonomous boiler room can be installed on the roof if the building complies with the standards prescribed in SNiP. It is good if the roof boiler house is included in the project at the construction stage.

Do you need a reliable project for an autonomous mini-boiler house for an apartment building? Fill out the questionnaire in "AllianceTeplo" - we will help with the design and construction of a boiler room of any kind.

Advantages and disadvantages of a mini-boiler room in an apartment building
Check out the materials on the topic "Advantages and disadvantages of a mini-boiler house in an apartment building" provided by Alyansteplo.

January, and with it winter, has passed for half. But in our climate it is necessary to heat houses both in spring and autumn, and hot water is generally needed all year round. And I would like to receive heat and hot water at minimal cost. Desirable - reducing to zero losses on heating mains. We talked about individual boilers in the article “How to avoid problems with installing autonomous heating in an apartment?”. Now let's discuss the advantages and disadvantages of another option for the reconstruction of the heating system - rooftop boilers.

A rooftop boiler house is an autonomous source of heating designed to heat and provide hot water to residential buildings. As the name implies, it is erected on the roof of the building, in a specially equipped room. We will not consider stationary roof boilers here. They are constructed at the construction stage of the building, are linked to it in terms of design and infrastructure, so local and regional authorities do not have any questions about them. However, it can be recommended to build stationary rooftop boiler houses with a shortage of thermal power in the built-up microdistrict.

But block-modular roof boiler rooms are purchased for an already finished building. The block-modular boiler house is manufactured to the required parameters, assembled by the supplier, transported to the place of installation and commissioning in a ready-made form, provided with a company guarantee. Its connection to heating networks takes an extremely short time. Another very interesting and useful property of block-modular roof boilers: their heating point can be located not only in the boiler room itself, but also in the basement of the consumer building, on the basement or on the first floor.

The thermal point consists of elements of thermal power plants that ensure the connection of these plants to the heating network, their performance, control of heat consumption modes, transformation, regulation of the parameters of the coolant and distribution of the coolant by type of consumer. It transfers hot water to heating systems, to the hot water supply system. It also supplies heat to the ventilation system of a residential building (without which, say, the elementary pipes of garbage chutes would turn into a source of an extremely unpleasant odor, and icy winds would whistle along the risers in the bathrooms).

But why is it so important that in the case of a block-modular boiler house, it can be placed in the basement of the consumer building, as well as on the basement or on the first floor? Yes, because it makes it possible to link the block-modular roof boiler room with the heating, hot water supply and ventilation systems available in the house. Risers, wiring, heating devices - all this will remain in place. Noisy pumps will also remain in the basement or basement, driving water up. At the same time, the block-modular roof boiler house operating on gas is in fact a huge individual heating boiler, this gives us the opportunity to formulate its advantages.

First of all, it eliminates losses on the heating main, which will reduce current heating costs due to saving resources, eliminate the risks of being left without heat and hot water in the event of a communication break. If the capacity of centralized boiler houses in the microdistrict is not enough to ensure the proper parameters of the coolant in cold weather, it will provide the house with heat in any conditions. These are its advantages, common with individual heating boilers.

The second group of advantages distinguishes it for the better from individual boilers. Well, the most important thing is the ability to preserve the very wiring that was originally laid by the builders of the house. After all, having hung a heating boiler in the kitchen or in the hallway, we will be forced to lead pipes to it from batteries located throughout the apartment (previously, batteries were powered from vertical risers, and horizontal connections to them ran through attics and basements). So the house is switching to individual boilers - each apartment will inevitably undergo significant repairs, which may not be at all in the plans and financial capabilities of the residents). And in the case of a roof boiler room, these unpleasant troubles can be avoided.

The third group of virtues is associated with exploitation. Unlike a gas column that worked in a short-term mode, an individual heating boiler during the heating period, seven months in our latitudes, burns constantly. It is, of course, automated. But still, it’s good if a large family lives in the apartment and someone makes sure that the younger ones do not get to the boiler with a set of screwdrivers.

On the other hand, the flexibility of an individual heating boiler is, of course, higher than in the case of a centralized modular roof boiler. You can start it in heating mode and just on a too cool and wet summer day - in the case of a rooftop boiler, a decision by the house council or a similar body will be needed.

The answer to this question will give you economics. First of all, it must be borne in mind that the transition of the house to individual boilers, and the installation of rooftop boilers, although it increases the comfort of living, and in the long run gives savings on bills for heating and hot water supply, but is associated with the need for capital investments. If the residents of the house who want to improve the situation with heat supply do not have free funds, then it is better to forget about this option and limit yourself to standard heat saving measures.

If there is a financial opportunity, and especially if it coincided with a major overhaul by a regional operator or the accumulation of any clear funds on a special account at home, you can think about installing a roof boiler. Their prices start from 1.5 million rubles for a boiler house with a capacity of 200 kW and from 3.5 million rubles for a boiler house with a capacity of 1000 kW. Considering that an average of 100 W is needed per square meter, this makes it possible to heat houses with a total area of 2000 sq.m. and 10000 sq.m. respectively. As you can see, power is growing faster than price.

These are not the only costs. The roof boiler room cannot be mounted on the floor slabs under which the living space is located - that is, in the absence of a technical floor, it will have to be erected on part of the roof. Under the roof boiler house there must be waterproofing with a layer thickness of at least 100 mm, and reliable drainage systems. With a building height above 26.5 m (above the standard nine-story building), additional approvals from the fire services will be required. But the guidelines can be given something like this.

For houses with 36 apartments or less, it will most likely be cheaper to install individual heating boilers during the reconstruction. But with a hundred apartments and more, the economy will lean very strongly towards the roof boiler house (the effect of capacity growth is faster than the price!). In intermediate cases, calculations of various options are necessary - this is a responsible and qualified work of construction industry estimators, but we tried to give the most general guidelines and the most general ideas about rooftop boilers.

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What are the pros and cons of rooftop boilers?
January, and with it winter, has passed for half. But in our climate it is necessary to heat houses both in spring and autumn, and hot water is generally needed all year round. And we would like to receive heat and hot water at minimal cost, preferably reducing losses in heating mains to zero. We talked about individual boilers in the article “How to avoid problems with installing autonomous heating in an apartment?”. Now let's discuss the advantages and disadvantages of another option for the reconstruction of the heating system - the use of rooftop boilers.

Rooftop boilers were invented specifically so that their design could be done on the roofs of apartment buildings. It can also be installed on separate structures that are installed on special grounds.

Rice. one

Rooftop gas boilers on houses are installed in places where the design and compliance with the norms of a centralized gas pipeline is, in principle, impossible. If buildings in large cities with reconstruction and infill construction are located in the city center, then the norm for the construction of elite complexes is the design of roof boilers. And all due to the fact that the area is small and, accordingly, the price rate when buying land is very high, so it is impossible to install stationary centralized heating systems.

Rice. 2

Roof boilers can be installed during the reconstruction of apartment buildings, and when designing new tall buildings.

Building design is possible in two versions:

The first option is the so-called frame structure, which is located in blocks. For this option, it is necessary to erect a special building. The design of roof units in this form is suitable for multi-apartment new buildings.
The second option for designing boiler rooms is roof gas boiler rooms with block modules. Sandwich panels are used for their design and construction.
Rooftop boilers have 2 types of boiler applications: steam boilers and hot water equipment.

Rice. 3

Norms, design and requirements for the operation of boiler rooms

Rooftop boilers for apartment buildings are a modern solution to the problem of designing autonomous heating without connecting to a centralized gas main. After all, modern construction of buildings sometimes requires such standards that cannot be implemented. Heat losses, thanks to this heating design for apartment buildings, are low, so installing a rooftop boiler is even the norm for an economical option.

The popularity of roof gas boilers is growing every day, since thanks to such a heating design, land allocation costs will disappear, there will be no need to design a heating main. And even the temperature can be set more accurately.

What other advantages does the design of rooftop boilers have? Are there any cons to using for apartment buildings? Are there any safety regulations that must be observed when designing boiler rooms on rooftops?

The requirements and norms regarding the design and installation of this structure are not at all significant, but still, they exist. Since security is the main thing in our world, and first of all it is necessary to take care of it.

Rice. 4

So what are the norms, precautions and operation that need to be taken in order for the rooftop boiler to work for a long time and well?

It is necessary to check the supply and exhaust valves, as thanks to them the boiler room is ventilated.
It is necessary to install sensors, the design of which controls the operation of the gas device and which are triggered directly in the lightest fires. These are necessary in order to prevent a fire or explosion. It is desirable that when designing rooftop installations, a function is installed that automatically extinguishes the first signs of a fire.
It is also necessary to install a gas barrier flange that is able to shut down the entire system at the first sign of a fire.
On the roofs of multi-storey buildings, it is imperative to install an alarm system that displays and transmits light and sound signals in case of fire.
The height of the chimney must be much higher than the height of the roof boiler. The minimum difference is 2 m. Each gas boiler in the house must have a separate chimney, but it is imperative that they are of the same height. What will be the distance between them - it does not matter.
Rooftop gas units must operate on separate electricity, that is, have a separate power line. The voltage in the house can be different, so you should not take risks with electricity, because due to a power failure in the house, problems may arise in the operation of the entire heating system. A diesel generator may be suitable as an autonomous power source.
It is impossible to install this equipment immediately above apartments in houses. The presence of a technical floor is a prerequisite for installing a rooftop boiler room. The floor on which the roof gas units will stand must be made of reinforced concrete slabs.
Do not forget that this heating equipment emits a lot of noise, therefore, in order to be able to install rooftop boilers in multi-storey buildings, special requirements must be met in accordance with sound insulation standards in rooms.
The boiler room should have windows and doors that lead directly to the roof. A separate elevator is mandatory as it will only be used for firefighters. It is also necessary to design a service exit. The boiler room must be illuminated in accordance with the standards (0.03 sq. m / 1 m³).
You should also not forget about the service personnel - there should be a separate safe exit for them when designing.

Rice. 5

After designing and installing a gas rooftop boiler, it is necessary to look after it, that is, to do service. Maintenance staff can handle it too. But also do not forget about the representatives of the gas service. They should definitely check this equipment at least once a year.

Advantages and disadvantages of this equipment for heating apartment buildings

When considering all the shortcomings and advantages of this unit, you can see that, of course, there are more advantages. Construction companies choose roof units for their installation in apartment buildings. And all because it is both economical and reasonable, and they work in accordance with all established standards. This is especially convenient when either there is no centralized gas pipeline, or it is abandoned during construction.

And so, the main advantages of this equipment:

Roof units can do without a separate place for themselves. That is, it is not necessary for them to install an additional building. The roof is also suitable for the operation of gas equipment in a multi-storey building. The frame or water manifold may be located away from the design of the roof boiler room (attic, basement).
Heat losses are very low during the operation of these units. There is no longer a need to install heating mains, and thanks to this, much less money will be spent on equipment maintenance.
Expenses are also reduced for joining centralized communications. And everyone knows that for this you need to pay a tidy sum in our time.
The design of rooftop boilers has no more requirements. Forced ventilation and arrangement of chimneys is not required. SNiP makes it possible for such huge equipment to heat buildings up to 30 m high.
When designing these equipments in apartment buildings, all norms will be observed and, according to SNiP, the system can be fully automated. The operator will be hired not even for a whole working day, but only for a couple of hours. Thanks to SNiP, the standards for the design of rooftop boilers will allow you to install sensors on them that will monitor the temperature outside and turn on the desired level of heating themselves.
It is also good that people will no longer have to adapt to the norms established in the country (there is no heating in summer). The unit, if necessary, can work in the summer. Who can service the rooftop boiler room? Yes, a simple staff who looks after her year-round. You don't even need to call the experts. This equipment is easy to operate.

If the equipment is designed according to SNiP, then in no case should it heat additional buildings. Since SNiP states that the power of the equipment should be exactly as much as is needed to design and heat the whole building.

Rice. 6

The pros and cons of a roof boiler are already clear. Now it's worth talking a little about the cons. Deficiencies in SNiP and design standards are associated with the requirements that were in the design of the building itself, where the equipment will be installed.

Introduction of new standards in the construction of lifting systems, as well as design according to SNiP and installation of a heating system.
If the weight of the equipment in the documents is limited, then the rooftop boiler room will not be able to exceed the weight specified in the SNiP. And, accordingly, the installation will fail.
For this equipment, it is necessary to install complex automatic systems. This is also stated in SNiP.
It is necessary to comply with all norms after designing work with such gas equipment.
And it will not be superfluous to install fireproof systems in roof boiler rooms, which are made in accordance with all standards and are described in SNiP.

How to calculate the power of this equipment

Even during the design, building codes and SNiP warn that the power of roof boiler houses on houses should be exactly the same that can heat one building. The Snipe also says that it is forbidden for equipment to exceed the power required for the consumption of a multi-storey building. All standards are specified during the design. The calculation and norms according to SNP should be carried out based on the maximum value of the coolant flow rate.

If it is necessary to use the heating element of the roof boiler house on the roof of the house in order to heat the adjacent ones, then only in this case it is possible not to adhere to the norms and Snip, but to slightly increase the performance of the unit. The maximum that can be is 100% of all electricity in the main building.

Rice. 7

If suddenly in the future it is planned to design according to all heating standards for adjacent buildings, then a rooftop boiler house, which is called a block-modular one, for a multi-storey building is simply the best option for design. The block-modular system can be rebuilt for any desired needs.

Installing roof boilers on houses is a very successful business that is becoming more and more popular. The design of this equipment is quite a profitable solution. Although such units on houses appeared on the territory of the Russian Federation and other CIS countries relatively recently, they have already managed to win a good reputation. Due to the fact that the equipment is located on the roof of the house, the apartments are heated more smoothly.

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