Who carried water in Russia and why do the French feel out of place?
Proverbs and sayings are an integral part of our language. When communicating with each other, people often use such verbal expressions, but they do not always understand their meaning, and, moreover, they do not know the history of their origin. Let's look at some of them.
They first began to speak out in this way in the 16th century, during the reign of Ivan IV. Metropolitan Philip of Moscow, not agreeing with the bloody reforms of the sovereign, wrote and distributed incriminating letters against the tsar. Subsequently, Ivan the Terrible ordered him to be caught and locked in a monastery, where the metropolitan was soon killed. As a result, a worthless document, a fake, began to be called a filk letter.
Here the word “nose” should be used in a different meaning – burden, carry. The expression refers to a person giving an offering or a bribe. And, if the so-called gift was not accepted, then it was no longer possible to come to an agreement. Therefore, the man left with a burden, an unaccepted bribe, and did not reach an agreement.
3. They carry water to the offended.
The phrase began to be used from the time of Peter I. At that time, the profession of a water carrier was popular - a person who supplied water to the city. He was the footman of a special barrel-shaped cart. To earn more money, particularly enterprising water carriers began to raise the price of their services, even though this was prohibited by law. To punish misers, Peter I gave special instructions to harness greedy water carriers to carts instead of horses. Naturally, they were greatly offended, but were forced to carry out the punishment. This is where the expression comes from.
The history of the origin of the phrase is connected with a certain misunderstanding - an incorrect translation of the word “assiete” from French, which contains the expression “etre dans son assiette,” meaning “to be in an unenviable position.” However, “assiete” has a homonym for “plate”, and apparently some “wise guy” made the wrong translation. Which is what led to the creation of the catchphrase.
Let's return again to Peter I, during whose time there lived the merchant Zatrapeznikov, who was known for producing poor quality fabric in his factory. To look shabby means to dress tastelessly and sloppily. As you can see, this expression has nothing to do with a meal.
The phrase began to be used in the 18th century. To distinguish a criminal from other people, the Russian empress Elizaveta Petrovna issued a decree to put a brand on the offender’s forehead. It should be noted that this was done in a very barbaric way: an ugly mark was burned on the face with a hot iron, which remained for life.
Nowadays this expression refers to a person who has vast experience in something. Previously, the saying had a different meaning. This phrase was used differently: “He ate the dog and choked on his tail,” - this is how they said about someone who, having done hard work, made a mistake because of a trifle.
Even the ancient Slavs believed that if a person asks for water, then under no circumstances should he be refused. It is a sin. Since that time, the expression means “exactly”, “undoubtedly”.
“If you hurry, you’ll make people laugh!”
There lived one boy named Igor. He was in a hurry all the time. At school, he solved examples quickly and incorrectly: 2+2 made him 5. And in Russian language class he wrote: “I have the most beautiful momo.” All the guys laughed for a long time, and then they came up with a proverb: “If you hurry, you make people laugh!” /Arkhishina Julia/
“Don’t have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends!”
Once upon a time there was a boy. One day he went to the store, and there they asked him: “Why don’t you go out with your friends?” “And money is more important to me than friends,” the boy answered.
One day he went swimming and began to drown. The children came running and saved him. And then he realized that friends are more valuable than money. /Markeeva Katya/
"Talk a little, listen a lot, and even more to be smart"
Once upon a time there lived a poor student. During class he talked all the time. And the teacher gave him a bad grade. He came home and his mother said: “Show me the diary! I’ll give you a chocolate bar.” Mom saw the deuce and said: “You will get a chocolate bar when you correct the deuce.” And he went to correct the deuce. And now he will no longer receive bad marks... /Vika Azmanova/
"The smart one is rich without money"
Once upon a time there was a stupid boy, and he had a smart brother. The stupid one wanted to become a billionaire. He asked his brother what should be done for this? Smart replied:
- If I knew how to become a billionaire, I would tell you.
“I’ll achieve my goal anyway,” said the stupid one. He asked his question to the teacher.
- Finish school, college, serve in the army. You need to study well. In the meantime, go to the blackboard. What is 60 times 5?
- Two!
- So get 2!
And mom said:
- We need to learn the multiplication table. Your brother got an A+.
- You just have to be an excellent student, and then, lo and behold, you’ll become a billionaire! / Dima Serebryansky /
"They reward you not for your beard, but for your intelligence"
Once upon a time there were two sisters: the older one was beautiful, but stupid. The youngest read a lot and took care of the house.
One day they went to visit their uncle, and on the way they were captured by robbers.
“Let me go,” the eldest cried, “look: what a beautiful dress, shoes, and handbag I have!”
“Leave with your beauty,” the robbers got angry, “guess our three riddles, then we’ll let you go.”
The younger sister guessed all the riddles, and the robbers let them go. “They don’t reward you for your beard, but for your intelligence” / Alina Stepanova/
"Don't rely on someone else's dinner, grandfather"
One boy was punished for getting bad marks - his mother did not cook him lunch. He went to visit a friend and had lunch there.
- Where have you been? - Mom asked.
- Away!
- If you want me to forgive you, sit down and think.
The boy thought and went to work on his mistakes. “To get good grades, you need to work hard” / Misha Kondrashov/
Once upon a time there lived a man. He decided to build a new house. And I was too lazy to clear the snow. When the snow melted, his new house fell apart. “You can’t even take a fish out of the pond without difficulty” / Daniil Bushuev /
"You can't take a fish out of a pond without difficulty"
One man was asked to paint a window brown. He was too lazy to go get brown paint. He painted the window black. People came and said: “How ugly it turned out!” The man felt ashamed, he bought good paint and corrected his mistake. /Osipova Sofia/
Short story-essays ending with a proverb are often assigned to children by teachers at school. How to write such a story yourself? Examples of essays of this kind are given below.
The story “About a seed”
Author of the story: Iris Review
Listen to the story
One day Masha and Vanya found a small seed. It couldn’t speak, and the guys didn’t know what could grow out of it. They were still in elementary school, and they had not yet had to deal with seeds. Grandfather once read them a fairy tale about a tiny magic seed from which a golden spikelet grew. The guys really wanted to know what would grow from the found seed, and they asked their grandfather about it. But grandfather didn't know. The next morning Masha and Vanya came up with this. They took a small cloth, wet it with warm water and put a seed in it so that the sprout would hatch as quickly as possible. The sprout appeared quite quickly, and the children planted it in the ground. All the time while the days were warm, they ran and checked how the plant was feeling, not forgetting to water it. And grandfather said that there is no need to rush things, and reminded the Russian proverb: “Everything in due time: the time will come, and the seed will grow.”
Story "Helpers"
Author of the story: Iris Review
Listen to the story
The day off was gray and boring. I didn't want to do anything. At first Mishka and I dreamed, then we tried to do our homework. But we decided to leave this matter until tomorrow. The game also somehow didn’t go well. We lost a piece in chess and spent a long time looking for it around the apartment. But she didn't get caught. Then we sat on the sofa, and it seemed to both of us that we felt somehow wrong.
Mom invited us to help her tidy up the balcony. It was not interesting, but we agreed. It was necessary to put things in order in the tools and building materials left after the renovation, and carefully put away the old toys. How can you make sure everything is compact and beautiful? Mishka and I spent a long time thinking about what and how to put it. Finally the balcony was tidied up. The mood became wonderful, and we completely forgot about the headache. And my mother told us: “A person gets sick from laziness, but from work he gets healthy.”
About helping mom
Help for the mother from the children is necessary. A mother is a person who needs to do a hundred things: cook food, clean up the apartment, harvest at the dacha, tidy up the garden, take care of the children, wash, iron... But mom also works! In these conditions, the help of children is vital. And children are accustomed to work. Look carefully at your mothers: maybe they need your help?
Larisa Malysheva
Thematic selection of proverbs and sayings for works
Russian folk tale “Sister Alyonushka and Brother Ivanushka”:
You can't spill them with water.
Your family is your most faithful friends.
Russian folk tale "Wintermovie"
Together - not burdensome, but apart - at least drop it.
Fear has big eyes.
The owner is glad to have a good guest.
Take it together - it won't be too heavy.
Russian folk tale "Geese - Swans"
Walk, walk, but don’t blame later.
Have fun and don’t forget about things.
We walked and had fun; we counted and shed tears.
Great word: thank you.
Russian folk tale "Khavroshechka"
Every man is the smith of his own happiness.
Every person is recognized in action.
Happiness is no wonder there, where people do not work lazily.
He who lives by truth will gain good; whoever does good will be blessed by God.
"Russian folk tale "Winged, furry and oily"
Scold, look at yourself.
When you grab the tug, don’t say it’s not strong.
If you make a mess, a quarrel will not lead to any good.
Don't judge others, look at yourself.
The truth hurts my eyes.
Autumn
There is no turn from autumn to summer.
Summer with sheaves, autumn with pies.
In October, neither on wheels nor on runners.
In September there is one berry, and even that bitter rowan.
Autumn is stocky, winter is tidy.
September is cold, but full.
Winter
In the winter cold everyone is young.
In February the roads are wide.
Prepare a sleigh in the summer and a cart in the winter.
There is no union between winter and summer.
Spring
Mother spring is beautiful to everyone.
In April the earth crumbles.
February is rich in snow, April is rich in water.
Spring and autumn – there are eight weather conditions per day.
A. S. Pushkin “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Goldfish”
If you chase more, you will lose the last.
I. Sokolov – Mikitov “Falling Leaves”
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.
It’s good everywhere – where we are not.
Ch. Perrault "Puss in Boots"
They are greeted by their clothes and escorted by their minds.
S. Aksakov “The Scarlet Flower”
A sheep's coat, but a human soul.
V. Kataev “Pipe and Jug”
Pick one berry at a time and you will collect a box.
I walked through the forest, but didn’t find any firewood.
V. Kataev “Flower - seven flowers”
Friendship is more valuable than money.
"Bread"
Whoever has bread is always happy.
Bread is the head of everything.
Bread - father. Voditsa is mother.
Bread and water are good food.
Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad.
As long as there is bread and water, everything is not a problem.
"The Bremen Town Musicians"
Good brotherhood is better than wealth.
Fear has big eyes, but they see nothing.
One for all and all for one.
S. Ya. Marshak “Twelve months”
A tree is valued by its fruits, and a person by its deeds.
Good is good everywhere.
People honor those who love work.
Polite words will not dry up your tongue.
Bowing doesn't give you a headache.
Family
The whole family is together, and the soul is in place.
You will find everything in the world except father and mother.
It is better to live in cramped conditions than in resentment.
Mother's Day
A mother's prayer rises from the bottom of the sea.
You won't find a better friend than your mother
There is no friend like your own mother.
When the sun is warm, and when mother is good.
Dishes
The house is like a full cup.
The road is a spoon for dinner.
Vegetables
You can't grow turnips without care.
Every vegetable has its time.
Pets
Without a cat, mice have freedom.
Fear the goat in front, the horse behind.
The cat is on the threshold, and the mouse is in the corner.
Labor - professions
A bird is recognized in flight, and a person is recognized in his work.
Time for business, time for fun.
If you work until you sweat, you eat like crazy.
Skillful hands do not know boredom.
Business before pleasure.
The day until the evening is boring if there is nothing to do.
Patience and work will grind everything down.
Fish
Like a fish in water.
Silent as a fish.
Fight. Like a fish on ice.
You can’t even catch a fish from a pond without difficulty.
About teaching
Alphabet - the wisdom of the step.
Without flour there is no science.
Without patience there is no learning.
Literacy is a second language.
Learning to read and write will come in handy in the future.
Knowledge is better than wealth.
Those who are good at reading and writing will not be lost.
You won't learn everything at once.
Kolobok
What we boast about is why we fail;
There is honey on the tongue, but ice in the heart.
Teremok
Without taking an ax, you can’t cut down a house;
Easy to take, easy to lose.
turnip
From many small ones one big one comes out;
Drop by drop and the stone is chiseled.
Fox and Crane
As it comes back, so will it respond.
What is hello, so is the answer.
Hen, mouse and black grouse
If you want to eat rolls, don’t lie on the stove.
Fox with a rolling pin
Those who are accustomed to living untruths will not suffer any harm.
Princess Nesmeyana
All that glitters is not gold.
The body is spacious, the soul is cramped.
Coming up with a coherent story with a sufficiently large number of proverbs and sayings is a rather difficult task. But interesting. We know a lot of proverbs and sayings. The main thing is to choose the right ones.
"About science and knowledge"
Author of the story: Iris Review
Once upon a time science was born. In work and effort, in overcoming and adversity, in the constant struggle against ignorance. People have always known that " learning is light and ignorance is darkness" And they gravitated toward science. Anyone who was educated achieved great heights, benefited society, and made discoveries. " The scientist leads, and the unlearned follows", people noted.
« Knowledge is power" Man always strives for knowledge. And although, at times, “the world is as scary as bears,” there is no other way than to learn something, to master a certain amount of knowledge. It is knowledge, together with skills, that is the ticket to the modern, technically complex world. " For a scientist they give two unscientists, and they don’t take them either».
While working on the land, the peasants also saw that “ The illiterate has an ear of corn, and the literate has five" And they also wanted to learn. " Sell your caftan and buy a letter«. « Without studying, you can’t weave bast shoes". The Russian people were wise with well-aimed words.
Modern life is almost impossible to imagine without science and its achievements. " Science and labor give marvelous shoots«. « Science is better than a golden guarantee". What obstacles did militant ignorance put before scientific discoveries and intelligent thought? But science won. " In the struggle, strength overcomes learning«. « And they teach the bear to dance«.
Everything we have achieved is thanks to the development of science. " Science does not ask for bread, but gives bread itself" Science is moving forward. And this is her strength.
Questions for the story “About Science and Knowledge”
Why is it necessary to acquire knowledge?
How do you understand the proverb “If you don’t study, you can’t weave bast shoes”
(You can read the answer)
Why is everything we have achieved thanks to science?