Plastic or wooden windows - which is better? Plastic or wooden windows? Wooden windows with double-glazed windows or plastic.

Wooden windows are no longer the same as before. The introduction of innovative production technologies has eliminated most of their shortcomings. Now they can adequately compete with plastic in terms of durability, practicality and functionality. At the same time, Eurowindows are still beautiful and safe. Let's look at the features of wooden window blocks in comparison with PVC structures.

Why Europe doesn't like PVC

Polyvinyl chloride. Not a very pretty and a bit scary word, is it? This is the name of the now incredibly popular basic synthetic polymer. This material has a number of outstanding performance properties, therefore it quickly found application in almost all industries and especially in construction. PVC gets its specific characteristics thanks to a certain set of various additives. Plasticizers facilitate the process of processing polyvinyl chloride, make it elastic, stabilizers prevent damage during the production and operation of products, modifiers improve specific physical properties, fillers reduce cost, dyes allow the production of colored products.

For more than 80 years, polyvinyl chloride has been victoriously marching around the planet, but reproaches are constantly heard against it regarding the safety of PVC products for humans. PVC manufacturers are fighting fiercely for their products, they are ready to prove their environmental friendliness with all their might. A myriad of tests and tests have been carried out, many certificates have been received. But there are no completely safe additives for PVC.

Recently, a well-known manufacturer of plastic profiles announced that they are phasing out the extremely harmful lead and switching to calcium-zinc stabilizers.

And this after almost forty years of manufacturing plastic with lead? In how many years will we now be told the truth about calcium, cadmium, zinc? The Russian consumer, who is financially able to afford high-quality eurowindows, is at a crossroads, he is well acquainted with the terrible wooden products of the Soviet era, but something worries him about PVC windows. Many are not ready to fully and completely trust official sources, and even more so the aggressive advertising statements of plastic window sellers.

Naturally, we are not trying to reinvent the wheel, but are turning to the experience of Western European countries, especially since plastic window manufacturers are happy to provide relevant statistics in their booklets. When they say that in Germany the proportion of plastic structures is more than 50% of installed window systems, it is true, but this percentage refers to the total mass of translucent structures. The windows of residential premises in the homeland of PVC in 70% of cases are made of wood, and their share is constantly growing - by 3-4% per year, naturally due to plastic. If we talk about the countries of Scandinavia, there are generally more than 70% of all windows - wooden. The percentage of windows made of wood falls slightly in countries with small annual temperature fluctuations and scarce forest resources, such as Spain, Italy, France. The reality is that, despite the global financial crisis, Europeans prefer parquet, cotton and wooden joinery to linoleum, synthetics and plastic windows, and the PVC window market is rapidly and steadily shifting towards Eastern Europe.

What are the properties of wooden windows

Wood is a pure, natural material that initially has excellent technological qualities: low thermal conductivity, good sound insulation, resistance to temperature effects, high strength. Unfortunately, wooden windows are afraid of moisture. Wood needs reliable multi-stage protection, including protection from insects, microorganisms, and fungi. The production of translucent structures made of wood is a high-tech, long-term, and expensive business.

Naturalness and beauty. Wooden windows are the embodiment of home warmth and comfort, the aesthetic characteristics of wood products remain unrivaled, despite quite successful attempts to copy its texture. Qualitatively made wooden windows can become a highlight, the core of the entire interior, in many respects determine its style. Even staunch supporters of PVC windows, being adherents of the practicality and affordability of plastics, will not argue with the exceptional attractiveness of natural material. Thanks to the ability to process wood manually or using digital equipment, manufacturers of wooden windows can offer the consumer products of a wide variety of non-standard shapes. In turn, the desire of designers and developers to use some kind of “special” plastic window in the interior is simply unfeasible due to the bureaucratic brevity of angular PVC profiles.

Strength. Any type of wood consists of fibers oriented in a certain direction, which, with a competent approach, alternating their direction in a glued beam, allows you to create very strong, durable, geometrically stable products. Compared to PVC windows, which are necessarily stabilized with a metal insert, they have a disproportionately lower coefficient of thermal expansion. At the moment, windows are most often made of pine, oak, larch, beech, cedar, fir, spruce, mahogany. Each type of wood has its own indicators of strength and durability. But do not forget that the denser and stronger the material, the greater the thermal conductivity it has.

insulating properties. Wood has a natural porosity, contains air in the capillaries. Therefore, with an equal thickness of the profiles, a wooden window retains heat and dampens sound vibrations somewhat better than one made of multi-chamber plastic. On average, oak is 20-25% warmer than PVC, pine - 25-30%.

The need for protection and periodic care. The stumbling block for wooden windows is atmospheric humidity. Wood can easily absorb moisture from the air, which causes the fibers to swell - the product leads. The rapid loss of moisture causes cracking and warping with subsequent loss of insulating performance. It is precisely because of the need to take serious protective measures that the overall technological chain is so long, and the cost of wood products remains invariably high. Only multi-stage treatment of wooden profiles with antiseptic impregnations, primers and paints and varnishes will provide practicality and durability to windows. However, no matter how technologically advanced the coating is, it has its own service life, so once every 3-4 years, sometimes more often, it is necessary to tint wooden window blocks, in particular the lower horizontal parts of the sashes that are most vulnerable to rain and ultraviolet radiation. That's why combination windows appeared, as well as options with aluminum or plastic lining over wood. In addition, with each year of operation, the protective coating loses approximately 0.01 mm of thickness, which is why the wooden window should be periodically treated with special polishes and varnishes.

Environmental friendliness. In fairness, we note that, despite the obvious safety of wooden windows, their production cannot be imagined without the use of a certain amount of "chemistry". Fillers, primers, putties, paints, glazing compounds, antiseptic impregnations, glue for making timber, butyl sealants for double-glazed windows - this is what PVC window manufacturers are talking about when discussing the environmental safety of wooden window systems.

"Breath" of wooden windows. Wooden window manufacturers claim that their windows "breathe". Some even say that through the micropores of wooden boxes there is an air exchange of such a volume that it can provide ventilation to the room, which prevents condensation. They are a little deceitful. The sashes of wooden windows have several sealing contours, the wood is treated with compounds that fill the pores - in other words, such structures are practically airtight. The air entering the room through the window will obviously not be enough for normal ventilation (GOST 24700-99 “Wooden window blocks with double-glazed windows”), condensate will appear. That is why serious companies persistently offer their customers wooden windows with installed ventilation valves, which were originally designed for PVC products.

High price. With all the advantages of wooden windows, their price is quite high compared to plastic ones. For example, a standard window block made of pine (1.45x1.8) already in the basic configuration will “pull” $ 600-800, any other type of wood will increase this price by an order of magnitude. This largely explains why domestic consumers prefer to order plastic windows several times cheaper, which, moreover, “do not need to be painted”, “this is not a tree - they will not crack, they will not dry out”, “set, rubbed with a cloth and forgot”.

How wooden windows are made

The material and design of the profile is the main thing that distinguishes wooden windows from PVC products. The production of a high-quality window profile from wood is a complex, long and very labor-intensive business. It is not surprising that as soon as the first samples of eurowindows appeared in the post-Soviet space, the energetic owners of traditional "carpentry" quickly noticed their promise and tried to establish an appropriate production, but did not achieve success. Even now, many companies that assemble wooden windows work with a purchased profile.

In most cases, modern wooden windows are made from laminated laminated timber. It is not unreasonably believed that it has greater strength, better resistance to temperature extremes, less hygroscopicity compared to solid wood. Some manufacturers have mastered the technology of producing high-quality windows from solid northern pine, which is carefully selected and no less thoroughly dried. Raw materials intended for the production of timber undergo several rather complex stages of preparation.

First of all, wood goes through several stages of drying, the full cycle of which takes some time:

natural drying,
processing in the chamber - steaming and dry heating with alternating temperature indicators,
normalization of temperature and achievement of balance of humidity.

Drying is designed to relieve internal stresses inside the wood, as well as eliminate the possibility of cracking during processing. Preparation of the board in the drying chambers is carried out automatically, according to a given program for certain types of wood. The optimum moisture content of the raw material at the outlet ranges from 10-12%.

Next, the wood is culled (optimized). Areas with knots, cracks, resin pockets, remnants of the core, wormholes, shells and spots are cut out of the board. This is how small planks are obtained - plots, on the ends of which jagged spikes are milled. They are coated with water-repellent glue and spliced under pressure into one long board - a lamella. The glued lamellas are kept in the press for some time, after drying they are planed (calibrated).

The next stage in the production of the profile is gluing the timber in thickness. The boards are glued together under pressure, flat, while the inner layers are made of spliced lamellae, and the outer layers are mostly solid. As a rule, a three-layer bar is made, however, some companies use a technology with a large number of layers, and some lamellas can be glued to the sides of a three- or four-layer cake.

It is very important that the fibers of adjacent lamellas are directed in opposite directions. Only such glued laminated timber is considered to be of high quality and is able to ensure the stability of the geometric shapes of the product.

Then the wooden beam is milled on equipment with numerical control, as a result of which a window profile with a very complex section is obtained. For the manufacture of windows with exclusive, non-standard forms, an individual approach, “handmade”, may be required.

Further, the process of manufacturing a wooden window is significantly accelerated. The frame is assembled, which is polished, impregnated (under pressure or vacuum), primed, painted. After the completion of the painting work, double-glazed windows and seals are installed, fittings are mounted, and sashes are hung.

Construction of wooden windows

Modern wooden windows are structurally very similar to plastic products. For their functioning, the same fittings are used, which allow not only turning, but also folding, tilt-and-turn opening of single sashes. They also have several sealing contours. For glazing wooden windows, not only sheet glass is used, but also various types of double-glazed windows, including special, energy-saving ones. The main difference between wooden windows is that they can have several design schemes depending on the number and type of sashes. Note that some constructions are historically associated with a particular country, which was the reason for their "folk" classification on a national basis.

Single sash windows. This is the so-called European type, "Eurowindow", German window. In fact, this is a direct analogue of plastic windows, with the only difference that the profile is made of glued wooden beams. With a profile width of 68 mm or more, they are equipped with a double-glazed window of any type from 36 to 44 mm. The design of the porch allows the use of two or three sealing circuits for eurowindows, modern fittings make it possible to control all operations with the sash only with a handle. The fittings for such wooden windows are produced by the same companies that operate in the PVC products market: Roto, Maco, Siegenia-Aubi ... Naturally, options such as winter slot ventilation, stepped opening, burglary protection and others become available to the consumer. Single-leaf wooden windows are currently the most common in our country.

Windows with separate shutters are also called "Finnish". Such a window block is distinguished by a large frame width, about 120-180 mm. Shutters independent of each other are hung on the outer and inner sides of the box, as on Soviet windows. Sheet glass is inserted into the outer sash, which serves as a kind of buffer from the effects of various environmental factors, and the inner sash is equipped with a single-chamber, often energy-saving double-glazed window. Interestingly, the outer glass seal is not airtight, which prevents condensation from falling on it - it's just the so-called "anther". Fittings that work in windows with separate sashes allow only rotary opening, so ventilation is carried out using a window or a sash opening limiter. Due to the two-chamber design, such windows have excellent insulating characteristics, the significant width of the box prevents the slope from freezing. Inside the Finnish window, between the shutters spaced a long distance, sun blinds are installed, sometimes even removable grilles.

Windows with double sashes are supplied to us mainly from Sweden. They also have a two-frame design. Their main difference from windows with separate sashes is that the inner sashes of such window blocks are connected to the outer ones by means of sliding connecting elements. The inner sash has a locking turn-and-tilt fitting, controlled by one handle. Therefore, designs with twin sashes are also called "euro windows" by many.

Which design of a wooden window is better is difficult to say unambiguously, each of them has its pros and cons. For example, double glazing of a single sash window and glazing of double sash windows (sheet glass plus double glazing) have approximately the same insulating characteristics. The wooden frame of double-leaf windows is warmer due to the large width, but at the same time, you have to take care not of two, but of four planes; the separate design does not have the tilt-opening function loved by many. Of course, "Scandinavian" windows are more expensive than "European" ones, but if we compare blocks with similar sound and heat insulation, the difference will not be very significant, especially when the first ones are made in Russia, and the second ones - abroad.

What you should pay attention to when ordering wooden windows

Foreign manufacturers of wooden windows are firmly entrenched in the Russian market. They are constantly working on improving the quality of wooden translucent structures, reducing their cost. Every year, we are offered fresh design developments, new protective compositions and types of profiles. Western firms carry out a full cycle of work from timber harvesting to the manufacture of double-glazed windows; they have large high-tech factories. Our manufacturers work according to European technologies, using imported equipment, many of them buy profiles and double-glazed windows on the side, often abroad.

Imported windows are about one and a half to two times more expensive than Russian ones.

From measurement to delivery, you will have to wait up to three months, while domestic companies usually complete an order within 3-8 weeks.

The guarantee is provided in most cases comprehensive - for the profile, double-glazed windows, protective coating, fittings. Naturally, the window must be installed by the manufacturer's specialists. Russian firms usually give a 3-year warranty for their products, foreign - 5 years.

Windows made of oak are about 2 times more expensive than those made of pine; larches - 1.5 times.

Wooden window blocks made of timber with spliced outer lamellae will be cheaper by an average of 15% than with solid ones.

You can save money by ordering a profile in which the outer layers are made of expensive wood, such as oak, and the inner layers are made of pine. There are options with finishing the profile with veneer of valuable breeds.

Windows of standard sizes are also somewhat cheaper than custom-made ones.

The longer the production time, the lower the cost of the window - this is how manufacturers regulate the flow of orders. But for urgency, you will need to pay up to 20%.

Blocks with paired and separate doors are 15-25% more expensive than single doors.

It is often possible to order related products from the manufacturer of windows corresponding to the frames in color and texture: window sills, slopes, platbands.

It is quite obvious that modern wooden windows will find their place in our country as well, they will become more practical and affordable from year to year. The plastic boom will end sooner or later, and the share of wooden windows will begin to grow, especially since the Russian climate is quite harsh, while we have decent forest reserves, and we have centuries-old traditions of wooden construction behind us.

Probably, each of us, when building a house, or when replacing dilapidated frames in an apartment, faced the problem of choosing windows - plastic or wooden? Skewed and slitted, hard to close, dusty between the muddy openings of rattling glass, these construction elements from Soviet times have become the subject of numerous ridicule and an eyesore to caring owners of families.

Why plastic windows?

In many ways, it was the stereotype, formed from the past, that contributed to the boom in building know-how - plastic windows. More precisely, metal-plastic, because the frame is reinforced with metal from the inside for rigidity. Production of products began in the 1960s in Europe. At first there were imported from Germany and Poland. Then production was established in our country.

Plastic quickly conquered the window market in Russia, favorably standing out primarily for its insulating characteristics, tightness, durability, and aesthetics. As well as the absence of ever-jamming vents and bolts, as it is equipped with a convenient opening system in two (three) directions.

Competently and culturally built service marketing also played a big role in activating the demand for plastic windows. Manufacturers and suppliers of PVC windows immediately set up service and maintenance, offering the buyer the installation of products on a turnkey basis.

PVC - polyvinyl chloride - the main composition of the material.

It is enough to pay the purchase price - and there are no problems: delivery, replacement of old structures, installation, even cleaning and removal of construction debris.

Wooden windows could not boast of such attention to themselves.

Firstly, they were not included in the assortment at woodworking enterprises, therefore, they did not receive significant changes in production technologies laid down in the days of the USSR.

Secondly, manufacturing in the 90s was in the handicraft segment of the economy, and therefore there was a large percentage of defects. Moreover, it was difficult to legally punish such a manufacturer for dishonest work.

Thirdly, an inexperienced buyer had to both choose wooden frames and look for an installer - again, from the aforementioned "craftsmen".

And most importantly, the ease of use of PVC windows, their cleaning, in comparison with wooden ones, was undeniable.

Why wooden?

Few people know, but plastic windows in Europe have long lost ground to wooden ones. For example, today in the European market "wood" occupies 60%. It is not for nothing that the EU countries produce a huge amount of appropriate tools and lines for the manufacture of wooden windows.

Therefore, in the 90s, plastic window manufacturers, in order not to lose sales, began to develop the markets of the post-Soviet countries, offering seductive prices and service, the quality of which we mentioned above.

Gradually, thanks to thoughtful marketing and advertising, a stereotype was created for the inhabitants of the "scoop" that PVC windows are a symbol of prosperity and prestige. At the same time, in Germany, Austria, France or Switzerland, on the contrary, wooden euro-windows are a symbol of well-being and respectability, being aesthetically attractive and environmentally friendly.

But also more expensive, because the manufacturing technology cannot be compared with the Soviet "ancestors".

Previously, in the USSR, solid pine timber was used for the manufacture of windows, which was economically beneficial, but caused deformation of window frames under the influence of humidity and temperature.

In Europe, a wooden blank is used from three- or four-layer glued beams. For production, pine (the inside of the beam), oak, ash, Siberian larch are selected, but there are production technologies from mahogany - meranti.

For example, light red meranti is similar in characteristics to oak, somewhat inferior in hardness.

The category of elite, and expensive, includes products made of beech and chestnut. There are almost none on the market, and not so much because of the high cost, but because of the complexity of preparing the source material and processing. For example, the manufacture of an oak window is preceded by a three-year drying of the blanks under certain conditions.

Manufacturers - especially small ones - replace the natural drying of wood with an electric dryer. This leads to the fact that the profile may be covered with black spots.

Note that a compromise in terms of the “price-quality” position is windows made of expensive wood on the outside and a layer of pine on the inside.

The blanks are processed and impregnated with chemical compounds that improve moisture resistance, protect against decay, but at the same time do not prevent the tree from “breathing”.

It is worth noting the variety of paint and varnish coatings for wooden windows. It is better to give preference to German, Finnish and Dutch paints, which preserve the properties of wood, improve the appearance of products, emphasize the structure of wood (if “under varnish”). Wide color and texture palette.

Differences between wooden and plastic windows: pros and cons

There are conflicting opinions both on hearing and on the Internet. But it is worth noting that most of them are initiated by interested parties, and therefore are subjective, speculative, and aim to “drown” a competitor or promote their product.

For an objective assessment of wooden and plastic windows, it is more correct to compare the advantages and disadvantages that have manifested themselves in the course of many years of operation. From the point of view of how these products have proven themselves in practice, common reviews and opinions are analyzed. So let's get started.

1. PVC windows are easy to operate

Because of this quality, they gained popularity in our country. But remember that plastic windows appeared in our country against the backdrop of a miserable state in the production of similar wood products. Modern wooden ones have an elegant appearance, and the profile is in no way inferior to plastic ones in terms of convenience. In addition, a partial repair of wooden windows is provided, the color can be easily refreshed or changed.

2. Plastic windows have excellent tightness

But, unfortunately, even too tight, and poor ventilation leads to mold and moisture condensation. This is one of the main disadvantages of metal-plastic products. To avoid this problem, you must either buy windows with a built-in ventilation system, or purchase a supply valve separately. Wooden ones are almost devoid of this drawback, because, as they say, they “breathe”. According to average data, a standard wooden frame passes about 2.5 cubic meters through its pores per day. air. Thus, wooden products contribute to maintaining the optimal air consistency, since wood stabilizes the humidity regime better than other materials.

3. PVC windows are highly thermally insulated

The question is moot. The air chambers of metal-plastic windows significantly reduce heat transfer. But the main merit in this is not so much profiles as double-glazed windows. And modern wooden frames are also equipped with high-quality one- or two-chamber packages (glasses connected along the contour, between which an air-filled space is formed). In addition, the wooden frame itself, due to its natural porous structure, has a lower thermal conductivity than PVC, which is especially important in conditions of Siberian cold or Asian heat. The same quality of wood prevents, unlike plastic, the appearance of condensation on the doors.

4. Plastic are highly soundproof

The claim is also debatable. As in the previous paragraph, it all depends on the quality of the double-glazed window and the number of glasses in it: the more, the more noise is delayed. But wood, due to its texture, is an excellent soundproofing material that is not inferior, or even superior, to plastic profiles.

5. Plastics are easy to care for and wash, even with abrasives.

It's right. Wooden products are more whimsical to the use of detergents, especially do not tolerate abrasive ones. Without proper care, they quickly age and become unusable. But on the other hand, unlike metal-plastic structures, wooden structures do not have electrostatic properties - they do not attract dust - therefore they do not need to be washed as often as plastic ones. This is especially important in industrial or arid steppe regions.

6. PVC windows tolerate high humidity without problems

It's true. Even more: plastic refers to hydrophobic substances (repel water). Unlike wooden competitors, plastic windows very well endure even prolonged contact with moisture or the influence of precipitation. Modern technologies are not yet able to completely protect wood from harmful moisture, which is the main cause of their decay and mold.

7. Metal-plastic windows tolerate temperature changes well, are frost-resistant

The claim is rather controversial. Frost resistance - this function is assigned exclusively to double-glazed windows. But very low or high temperatures (-40 - +40) are perceived differently by a wooden and plastic structure. Wood is a natural material, hardened under the mentioned temperature conditions, so it is physically more resistant. Due to its natural origin, wood, unlike all other materials, also has the lowest coefficient of expansion, which makes it ideal for use, for example, in very cold conditions. That is why wooden windows are especially popular in the Nordic countries - Finland and Sweden. PVC windows, especially considering the presence of metal parts in their structures, are quite vulnerable in this regard: a large temperature difference over time leads to a loss of insulating properties and, in general, structural strength.

8. PVC windows are less prone to deformation, more durable

A very controversial statement. It is still too early to draw conclusions about the durability of metal-plastic windows, since this product has been in operation for 20-30 years at the most. In fact, each of us has often seen old houses in which wooden frames have not changed for a hundred or more years. Even though they have peeling paint, the doors are already poorly fitted - but with appropriate repairs, they can last for more than one year. And these are windows made in those times when they did not even think about advanced technologies and materials used now. The only enemy of wooden windows is moisture, which leads to their deformation, infection with fungus and mold. But with proper care, this danger can be avoided. Plastic windows are subject to other misfortunes. The main one is a high coefficient of expansion with a temperature drop, which gradually leads to loosening, loss of strength. And not only in the plastic itself, but also in the places where it meets the window opening.

The fact is that wooden frames are made of homogeneous materials (the same in physical properties), which have a similar coefficient of expansion and perceive external influences in the same way. PVC windows in their design have different materials (especially metal fittings inside), and therefore they tolerate significant temperature changes worse than wooden ones.
Plastic without a metal base does not exist: polyvinyl chloride itself is a very fragile material, therefore, without proper reinforcement, the profile can be deformed. Another significant problem of metal-plastic windows is rubber seals. Even high-quality ones lose their properties over time, harden, begin to crumble, especially under the influence of low and high temperatures, detergents, exhaust gases from the street, etc. They are inexpensive, but replacing the entire profile is troublesome.

9. Plastic is dangerous for the environment

Polyvinyl chloride, from which window profiles are made, is extremely dangerous for humans. No less dangerous are various additives (plasticizers, dyes), which are released into the air in small quantities (especially when heated). It is this fact that is often cited as the main argument in favor of wooden windows. But not everything is so scary. Firstly, most of all toxic and toxic substances enter the atmosphere not from the finished window, but during the production of PVC raw materials.

Secondly, if we take into account the amount of plastic in the window and the volume of the room in which it is located, then the “harmfulness” from the emitted substances is reduced to virtually zero.

Thirdly, although there are harmful substances in the structure of the material, this does not mean that they must necessarily enter our body (unless, of course, we burn and inhale combustion products). In addition, we are already surrounded by a huge number of products containing plastic: linoleum, toys, vinyl wallpaper, various packaging, etc.

Yes, there is actually not a single thing around that would not contain some kind of poison. Another argument that is popular among opponents of plastic windows is that, unlike wooden ones, very toxic and poisonous substances are released when polyvinyl chloride ignites. In this case, there is only one advice: do not burn plastic windows in your apartment! It's a joke, but... But if, God forbid, it comes to a situation where the windows are already burning in the room, then these fumes are unlikely to be significant in the overall picture of the tragedy. As well as environmentally friendly burning of wooden windows.

A person's health is the most precious thing in the world, so such concepts as the harm or safety of a product have become one of the main tools in the struggle for the consumer between competitors. Not surprisingly, this area is most prone to subjectivism and bias. Sometimes a product that is hazardous to health is advertised as almost healing, and vice versa: a neutral product is presented as an environmental disaster.

10. Wooden windows are attractive.

Wood products have always been valued for their beautiful texture, aesthetic and attractive appearance. But there is no dispute about tastes. For example, metal-plastic structures are more suitable for a modern building "concrete-glass-aluminum" than wooden ones. In addition, PVC windows are now very diverse both in shape and color (about 50). Wooden ones are somewhat limited in the arbitrariness of structures (the radius of the arch is limited).

Why Europe doesn't like PVC

Recently, a well-known manufacturer of plastic profiles announced that they are phasing out the extremely harmful lead and switching to calcium-zinc stabilizers.

What are the properties of wooden windows

How wooden windows are made

First of all, wood goes through several stages of drying, the full cycle of which takes some time:

natural drying,
processing in the chamber - steaming and dry heating with alternating temperature indicators,
normalization of temperature and achievement of balance of humidity.