Further activities that you will carry out in the gazebo will depend on the location of the structure. That is why it is not advisable to install it in an open place, because it will be very hot and stuffy inside - it is best to choose a small area in the shade of a tree. If your site has a small pond or fountain, you can start construction there. The most simple gazebos for summer cottages are built of wood - we will talk about the creation of such a structure today.
It is very important here to prepare the material for a long service life, if you do not want the gazebo to collapse after several winters.... So, it is advisable to cover wooden beams to create supports from below with an anti-rotting impregnation and wrap them with roofing material and a film so that the tree does not rot. And the boards for sheathing are pre-treated with linseed oil or mastic, which protect the material from rotting and attacks of insect pests.
The simplest do-it-yourself gazebo - instructions and stages of construction
Undoubtedly, you can purchase a ready-made design, but it will come out quite expensive. Moreover, the construction of the gazebo, which we will tell you about, will take you a maximum of a week! The main thing is to do everything according to the rules.
Interior decoration: how to decorate the resting place?
Knowing how to build a simple gazebo, you can start doing the work. However, upon completion, you will find that something is missing inside. The interior decoration of the premises will help you to complete the construction.... From the inside, the beams should also be sheathed with plywood or sheets of drywall, which are pasted over with wallpaper or painted over. The laid floor can be closed for reliability with linoleum, which does not allow water to pass through.
If the weather is sunny outside, being in the country, you do not want to stay in the house for a long time. The owners of country cottages can only be indoors in bad weather. But there is also an alternative. You can relax outside even in rainy weather by building a gazebo with your own hands. Such a structure will be a decoration of the garden exterior and a place of pleasant pastime with family and friends.
Varieties of summer cottages
There are many gazebos that are designed for country cottages: small and spacious, open and closed, roofs with one or many sides. There are quite a few designs of such structures and it is very difficult to make a certain classification. The choice of materials is also varied. For one building, you can use raw materials of the same type (for example, concrete or wood) or combined building materials (wood and plastic). It all depends on the desired result and the imagination of the master.
Wooden alcoves for rest
To build a gazebo made of wood, you will need to spend a little effort and energy. Its advantage is the ability to install both on a concrete foundation and on improvised means, for example, small blocks. Thanks to this, wooden gazebos are one of the most popular among owners of private houses.
Moreover, such a structure can be made both stationary and mobile. Make the arbor even better disassembled. This will allow it to be installed only in a certain season, and at the same time to avoid the negative impact of precipitation. You can also install it in a new location every year. Such a structure can be made from solid and glued, rounded logs.
But besides a large number of advantages, the tree also has significant disadvantages:
- Risk of fire. Therefore, the installation of a barbecue or barbecue in such a design is not the best option.
- Requires care. The tree can soon rot, so you need to constantly treat it with an antiseptic.
If you approach the construction of a wooden structure correctly, you can reduce all the disadvantages to zero. You just need to regularly look after the gazebo and protect it from temperature extremes.
Reliable brick structures
If you build a brick structure, you must first of all take care of a strong and reliable foundation. For this, a monolithic or tape base is often used. Therefore, you need to carefully choose a place for the foundation, study the properties of the soil in order to avoid its shift in the future.
Brick structures are built by the owners of summer cottages not only as a canopy, but also used as a summer kitchen or veranda. You can put a fireplace in them, make a place for a barbecue and install a brazier. If you also put windows with doors, then you can make a real living room out of such a structure. Its only drawback is high labor costs.
Combination with polycarbonate
You can use this material in combination with others, such as wood, metal, brick, stone. The main advantage of polycarbonate is its unpretentiousness to the product frame, as it is very lightweight and elastic, bends well. Therefore, the building can be made from any materials at hand. The polycarbonate gazebo looks stylish and fashionable, and the space is always filled with plenty of light.
But this material also has its drawbacks:
- The raw materials are expensive. Even the savings on the frame will not offset all the costs of polycarbonate.
- In such a design, it will always be noisy during the rain. The material does not absorb noise well and it will be difficult to hear what the interlocutor is saying.
- Polycarbonate, although strong, can crack from hail, for example.
If you plan to install such a structure in an area with constant precipitation, this is not the best option.
According to statistics, the most popular materials for summer cottages are metal and wood. The process can be simplified by pouring a concrete screed instead of a wooden floor. If you still save on the roof, then any owner of a country cottage can put up such an exterior object.
Required materials and tools
On the Internet, you can find a large number of different ready-made schemes for gazebos, which will not be difficult to build even for an inexperienced owner of a country cottage. If you assemble the structure yourself, then the price of the gazebo will be half of the market price. The simplest one can be assembled in 2-3 days of unhurried work.
The cheapest and easiest option is a wooden gazebo. Such structures look beautiful, and the material for manufacturing is easy to process. If you follow it properly, then it will last for many years. Moreover, a wooden gazebo can be built in three days, and this greatly simplifies the process.
Such an element of the exterior can also be made of metal. If the frame is completely made of shaped pipes and elbows, it can serve for many decades. Such a gazebo in the country with your own hands is more difficult and a little more expensive, but also more reliable.
To build a gazebo in the country, you need the following tools:
- shovel;
- roulette;
- twine;
- pegs;
- timber;
- wooden strips;
- hammer;
- crushed stone;
- nails;
- self-tapping screws.
It is advisable to choose a place for a gazebo in the shade, so that in hot weather it is pleasant to be in it. If there is a reservoir nearby, then it is necessary to install a gazebo near it. This is guaranteed to add a good mood.
First you need to decide on the size of the gazebo. Basically, structures are installed 2x3 meters. But if the garden area and financial condition allow, then you can make 2.5-3x4-5 meters. When creating a gazebo project, you need to take into account the space for the passage.
If, according to the project, the lower beams are to be in the ground, they must be treated with bitumen, and the rest of the wooden parts with an antiseptic. Oak or larch beams are perfect for pillars.
The base of the gazebo can be made in different ways. Alternatively, from 9-12 cut cubic bars, you can expand a square on flat ground, and only then put 4 long beams on them, which will serve as the basis. Of course, we place these 4 beams around the perimeter of the previously laid out square of wooden cubes. Alternatively, you can take concrete blocks as a basis. They need to be arranged in the same way as wooden cubes, around the perimeter of the square. On level ground, it is required to dig special holes for such blocks.
DIY installation
In order to make a gazebo with your own hands in the country, you need to adhere to the order of the stages of work. This will allow you not to make mistakes during installation and get the expected result at the end.
Frame and floor
You need to start with the frame and floor. If the structure is wooden, then the beams for the base are also suitable. The floor will also be made of wooden planks. The base for the beams and the floor is best made of concrete. It is enough to fill in the screed several centimeters thick. It will be the best and most reliable option, and will last a long time. Before work, you need to carefully choose a place for installation, think several times before making a decision. Also, the site needs to be cleaned and leveled under the foundation pouring. In such a structure, it is not recommended to combine metal and wooden parts.
As practice shows, even if you protect a wooden base with roofing material or bitumen, when the tree comes into contact with concrete, it starts to rot over time. As a result, the subsequent destruction of the structure. Therefore, initially it is necessary to avoid this.
To accomplish such a task, you should:
- concrete the profile pipe (it should be 30 centimeters higher than the concrete);
- we drill holes for screws in the pipe;
- push wooden posts into the pipe;
- we fix the column in the pipe with screws.
The structure will stand on such supports for many years.
If the owner plans to put a small light gazebo, then it is not necessary to install a brick fence for the fence. You can get by with a fence made of Euro lining 90 cm high.This is quite enough. Fasten the lining to the longitudinal bars. This design will help hide from the sun and wind blowing. The fences for its walls are attached to the supports with screws.
As an alternative to lining, you can use polycarbonate. It is also easy to install and resists high temperatures and wet weather. For the roof frame, it is better to use a 50x50 centimeter bar. From such a bar, it is necessary to create a base on which the crate will be installed, and then the roofing material. As a roof, you can use slate, metal tiles and ondulin.
Roof installation
When designing a roof, you need to calculate it in such a way that at the end of the roof you do not need to cut the last sheet. To do this, measure the height of the roof and subtract the overlaps of the sheets on top of each other. Making a gazebo at home is easy. It is enough to pick up quality material.
For example, for slate, each sheet of which has 8 waves, the length of the arbor will be a multiple of 1 meter, and the length of the slopes is 1.75 m. When considering coating options, special attention should be paid to polycarbonate.
It has the following advantages:
- An excellent option for light arbors, as it weighs a little, but is a very durable material.
- Fences are made of polycarbonate.
- It is a lightweight translucent plastic.
- A metal profile is often used with it.
Polycarbonate is a material with good elasticity. It can be easily bent. Because of this property, it is often used when installing an arched roof. To create such, it is necessary to weld steel strips 50 mm wide. First, they need to be installed on the support strips, and then holes are drilled to fix the sheets.
Also, sometimes gazebos are covered with metal tiles. OSB sheets are installed under it. They perfectly fulfill the role of keeping the tiles on the roof. Basically, these sheets are 10-12 millimeters thick. This material has fairly good strength and stiffness.
Advantages and disadvantages of simple structures
The simplest gazebo for a summer residence can be made without a frame frame. The foundation for it can be a reinforced concrete screed. Such a surface can be used for any purpose, even for installing a barbecue. The safety of such a structure is also high, since concrete is not afraid of fire and coal from the barbecue. If the gazebo is to be used in winter, then it is better to make the floor from planed boards, and around the barbecue it is necessary to sheathe the tree with metal sheets. Such structures look beautiful and practical in winter.
A gazebo on a columnar foundation turns out to be quite cheap. In order to avoid overpayment when installing the gazebo, you must stock up on red bricks in advance. The foundation must be installed with the preparation of pits for the support pillars. After that, make brickwork, place reinforcement and pour concrete. Anchor bolts should also be placed in the masonry, the threads of which should "point" upwards.
Supports are placed on such pillars. The frame of such a gazebo is best made of wood. A 50x100 bar is ideal. If you install boards treated with an antiseptic on top, you get a wonderful warm floor. Thus, an open fire can be ignited in the structure. In the winter season, it is a great place to relax.
Putting a simple gazebo in the country is not a difficult process, and everyone can build it without the help of professionals. First you need to make a drawing of the gazebo, and then carry out construction work with it exactly. It is necessary to correctly calculate the capacity of the gazebo, its location and the necessary materials. In order to avoid mistakes, it is worthwhile to carry out the correct calculations, as well as carefully approach the implementation and installation of every detail.
Many people like to spend time at the dacha, but at the same time they want the rest to resemble a trip to nature. To do this, you can make a gazebo on the site with your own hands.
If the structure is selected and assembled correctly, then it will become not only a decoration of the landscape, but also a source of pride for the owner.
Look what gazebos are like - the photo simply and beautifully demonstrates all the advantages of these summer cottages. Among the various designs, there is sure to be a suitable option.
The relevance of the construction of a gazebo in the country
With the onset of warm days, many want to escape from the city and move to where there is fresh air and nature.
Families go to the mountains or to natural reservoirs on weekends. And those who own their land outside the city, go to their dacha.
If there is only a residential building on the site, then in good weather there is a desire to leave it too. Those who do not like to go far build gazebos where you can enjoy the fresh air at any time.
Features of buildings
Not everyone likes summer cottages under the rays of the scorching sun, therefore, gazebos for summer cottages are equipped in such a way that their design serves as reliable protection from heavy rain and midday heat.
Structures have many advantages:
- multifunctionality;
- the construction of a gazebo does not cause inconvenience for those living in the house, which cannot be avoided if the veranda is completed;
- gazebos are suitable for both day and night rest.
Types of structures
Structurally, there are barbecue facilities, living plan, open and closed.
The most popular option is an open structure.
An open gazebo is a simple design, it has a base in the form of pillars, to which a small canopy is attached. The budget building looks beautiful.
Among all its advantages, the main ones stand out:
- A lightweight structure can be made by hand.
- The structure protects well from precipitation or scorching sun rays.
- This construction option allows you to enjoy the beautiful view of the surrounding nature, inhale the scent of flowers and listen to birdsong.
However, it was not without its drawbacks:
- Strong gusts of wind can ruin your holiday.
- The building is suitable for the warm season.
- You will need to additionally protect yourself from mosquitoes and other insects.
Closed version of the design
These are small buildings in the form of houses or pavilions, surrounded by walls on four sides.
Among the advantages are the following:
- The gazebo can be used regardless of the season and weather.
- The structure provides protection from wind gusts and annoying insects.
There are also disadvantages here:
- The confined space does not provide an opportunity to fully enjoy the beauty of nature.
- You cannot cook a shish kebab or barbecue if a special chimney is not installed for this purpose.
Live option
This building is a real work of natural art. Walls and canopies are not made with the usual building materials. Real plants are used for their construction.
Exemplary gazebos have no equal in terms of environmental friendliness or cleanliness. Lightweight designs look sleek and elegant. Their installation does not require significant financial investments.
Type "BBQ"
This is a necessary building for those who like to cook barbecue or barbecue on their own. A barbecue is being built in the barbecue. It is usually open so that the smoke quickly disappears.
However, if the owner installed a chimney, then this is already a closed type, which is perfect for barbecue.
What materials to choose?
Before dealing with the question of how to build a gazebo for a summer residence with your own hands, you need to choose the materials for its construction. In terms of environmental friendliness and cleanliness, natural wood is in the lead.
The current option is the design of the entire site in a rustic style. The wood is easy to work with and can be shaped in many different ways.
Wood combines perfectly with other materials. The roof of the building can be made of polycarbonate.
Which is better than brick or stone?
Both building materials are suitable for open or closed structures. In the first case, you will need to additionally build partitions. When erecting a closed structure, doors and windows are installed in the walls.
Metal gazebos
You can buy ready-made products. Forging decorative elements look noble, they will make the structure more graceful.
It is difficult to be in the sultry heat inside the structure: the metal is very hot, and it is very hot there.
Fabric constructions
Fabric products are sewn from tarpaulin - a material that does not get wet and does not accumulate water. The gazebos are equipped with mosquito nets to keep mosquitoes or dust out of the canopy.
Forms of arbors
Structures can take many different forms.
Rectangle
This shape fits perfectly into the landscape design with strict geometry. This option is suitable for a summer residence where large companies often gather.
To receive guests, it is enough to set up a large table.
Altanka - rounded shapes
Such structures with smooth shapes have small dimensions. If the owners of the dacha have few guests, then this is the best option.
An excellent choice would be a round table for meals.
Polygons
An alternative to the above-mentioned options is the polygonal shape.
Eight or hexagonal pavilions are split into separate segments. It is convenient to collect them yourself.
Styling
The owner of the gazebo has the right to decorate the building at his own discretion. He can choose between classic designs, oriental exoticism, woodland and country style.
It all depends on your own preferences.
Photo of gazebos for summer cottages
- a task that requires some building skills. There are many construction options, but if you plan to cope on your own, then you should choose simple projects. Next, we will describe in detail the technology of how to make a gazebo with your own hands, photos will help us illustrate each stage of construction.
Preparatory activities - choosing a project
There should be a gazebo on the site! Perhaps, then you can start describing the construction process, and tell step by step how to make a gazebo with your own hands. But …
First you need to decide on the project. Without a doubt, a small architectural form should be beautiful, practical, comfortable, reliable, functional, overlap with the general architectural ensemble and harmoniously fit into the landscape design of the site. Ideally, it should be not just an outbuilding for comfortable outdoor recreation, made "hi so", but also a real decoration of the garden plot.
Making a gazebo for a summer residence allows you to show imagination
Forms
And open: classic ones with a roof and a parapet, awnings, mini portable structures, folding tents with an awning roof and sometimes the same canopy walls, swing gazebos. And, of course, all sorts of things, especially in demand is the manufacture of two-story arbors, from below they make something like a summer kitchen, sometimes the room is adapted for a garage, and from above there is a viewing platform, a place for rest and gatherings.
When choosing a project, do not forget that the gazebo is the decoration of the garden plots, and not the dominant feature of the architectural ensemble.
Dimensions (edit)
The size of the gazebo directly depends on what functionality it will be endowed with, and what area of the site you plan to allocate for construction. Here we will clarify only a few circumstances that are essential for choosing a size:
- If the personal plot is small and the gazebo is needed for resting 4-6 people, then it is better to opt for the manufacture of a mini-structure, their average dimensions are 1.6 by 2.0 m.
- In a typical gazebo with dimensions of 2.5 * 3 m, 3 * 3 m, you can place both a small and a workplace (kitchen), and make a table for gatherings for 6-10 people.
- Larger buildings are suitable for accommodating multiple companies, or for enclosed and combined structures.
It is not difficult to make a simple gazebo with your own hands, the main thing is to observe the technology of installation of the main units
What to make
But before you make a gazebo with your own hands according to the drawings, it is not enough to decide on the shape and size, you need to choose the material for making the building:
- tree - logs, beams, boards, tree trunks, driftwood;
- , stone, monolithic concrete, blocks;
- - welded structures made of rolled metal (corners, rectangular and round profiles), forged products;
- glass and, usually, a frame is made of other materials and sheathed with transparent sheets: roof, walls that protect from wind and rain;
- a metal profile with a PVC sheath, as a rule, is a ready-made structure, for which a special platform is made, and then assembly takes place according to the type of a designer.
Of course, the most demanded materials for making gazebos are metal and wood. They are quite simple to handle when you are able to hold the tools in your hands.
Making a polycarbonate gazebo usually takes 1-3 days
Wood
There is nothing that can compare with the beauty of the texture of wood, with its warmth and special delicate aroma. Wooden suburban buildings fit well into almost any landscape design. There is a recommendation that you need to make gazebos in the same style as the main house, so that they do not get out of the general design concept of the site. Wood, on the other hand, goes well with any materials, even if the house is not chopped, but etc.
Advice: Before making a gazebo in the country, the whole tree must be thoroughly impregnated with antiseptics, and covered with fire-fighting agents for 2 layers.
It is not difficult to make a hexagonal gazebo, it is important to make a drawing correctly and accurately transfer it to the area
Most often, wooden arbors are made with their own hands, since no additional equipment is required except for tools.
Gazebos made of wood turn out to be especially cozy, inviting to rest, they are equally comfortable in them both on a hot day and in frost. We suggest you watch how to make a gazebo, a video that shows step by step how you can quickly make a small wooden structure.
Metal
Arbors made of metal are reliable, strong, durable, this material has only one serious enemy - rust, but modern anti-corrosion impregnations, which should be used to treat parts before building, make it possible to forget about this problem.
Today, small forged structures, usually hexagonal in shape, are in demand. They are graceful, airy and create a feeling of lightness; such gazebos do not overload the space and are practically invisible on the site, especially if they are.
Another popular way to make a metal gazebo is to make a welded frame and. Here it all depends on your requests, it can be a mini barrel gazebo, or a huge canopy.
For the manufacture of a wrought-iron gazebo, you can buy ready-made parts: patterns and lattices
Details
As for, as a roof of gazebos, soft bituminous tiles, polycarbonate, metal tiles, ondulin are most often used.
To decorate the building, elements with wood carvings are used, curly details - pillars, balusters, a wooden lattice that you can make with your own hands, artistic forging, including individual decorative curls and ready-made sections.
How to make a beautiful gazebo
We will do it, covered with a lattice, 4.5 * 4.5 m, under a hip roof.
Making a gazebo with your own hands, like any other construction, begins with the preparation of the site and. We transfer the drawing to the area, make markings for the foundation. We drive in pegs in the corners, pull the rope, check the geometry, the diagonals must be equal.
We make the foundation
Clearing the site and making markings for the foundation
We remove the top fertile soil layer, dig holes. First, in the corners, then divide the distance between them into equal parts, and dig holes along the perimeter. Between the pits there should be 1.2-2.0 m, no more. Depth 0.5 - 0.7 m.
To make the foundation, you need to prepare a pillow.
We fill the bottom with crushed stone 0.2 m, sandstone 0.2 m, and ram it well.
Poles can be made by yourself or made from ready-made blocks
We install blocks on the prepared pillow.
It is better to make not only horizontal waterproofing, but also coat the stoves with bitumen
We lay the waterproofing, you can coat the blocks with heated bitumen mastic or lay 2 layers of roofing material on them.
How to make a wireframe
For the manufacture of the lower strapping, we take a bar, preferably glued, with a cross-section in diameter of 100 * 100, 100 * 150 mm.
Photos show how to make the bottom harness
We cut the ends into half a log, make recesses for fastening the middle beams. We put it around the perimeter, fix it with self-tapping screws, additionally on metal corners.
It is better to make logs from the same timber as the strapping around the perimeter
We lay the logs inside the structure. We saturate them with antiseptic and fire-fighting solution.
For the manufacture of supports, a beam with a section of 100 * 100 mm is suitable
We install support racks, pull them onto metal corners so as not to knock down the geometry, prop up with temporary jibs.
It is better to do the strapping first between the paired posts, and then pull them together
We pull on the heads, check the geometry, an edged board with a section of 50 * 100 mm will do.
When making a frame, constantly check the level of the horizon and vertical along the plumb line.
We install the middle supports, we make a transverse upper strapping. We lay the floor. A decking or tongue-and-groove board is well suited for making a floor.
How to make a roof
On the cross harness, in the center, we fasten vertically 2 beams, section 100 * 100 mm, length 0.9 m, connect them with a ridge beam, board 100 * 50 mm. It is better to make rafters and assemble a farm on the ground.
Photo example of how best to make and install a ridge bar
For our building, we make hanging rafters, they should protrude for the building not less than 300 mm, 3 pieces, we lift it up, attach it to the ridge beam.
It is better to do the rafters on skids so that the roof slides a little when the soil is heaving.
We fasten the rafter legs at the corners of the structure.
Good to know: The rafter system for outbuildings according to SNiP is made from a board of 50 * 150 mm, this is the maximum maximum.
For the manufacture of the crate, you can use OSB or moisture-resistant plywood
We make a roof lathing for a roof. In our case, this is a 60 * 20 mm rail.
We lay the roofing material
How to make wall structures
At a height of 900 mm from the floor, we fasten curly railings or an ordinary timber, the resulting frame is sheathed inside with a thinner timber, 20 * 40 mm, a frame in a frame is obtained.
The parapet can be made from balusters
We fix it with a board diagonally. Sew up the parapet with a rail from above.
Grilles can be made by yourself, you can also close the sides with monolithic polycarbonate, or make full glazing
We decorate the upper part of the wall with a wooden lattice, it will protect from the sun and gusts of wind. In the corners of the racks we fix a curly corner, it does not carry any practical load, for beauty. We sew the plinth with a mini-fence made of scraps. We paint the gazebo in the desired color. For convenience, we are building a porch.
In the photo, how to make a summer cottage out of wood and decorate it is not expensive, but beautiful
And at the end, watch the video on how to make a gazebo with your own hands, from the video you will understand how easy it is. I must say that this video will inspire many to make a place to relax in the country. Country homemade mini design, comfortable, beautiful, ergonomic, it can be done in one day without any help.
A cozy gazebo in the garden is the dream of many homeowners. Wooden and metal, polycarbonate or wrought iron, square, round and hexagonal, these structures are found in almost every garden. To make garden gazebos with your own hands, it is not at all necessary to hire specialists or be an experienced builder, it is enough to have minimal skills in working with the tool.
How to choose a gazebo design
The construction of a garden gazebo will cost less if you immediately carefully think over everything to the smallest detail. The main parameters are the dimensions of the gazebo, its shape, the type of foundation and roof, materials for the construction of walls. The dimensions of the building depend on the number of residents of the house and the planned guests. It makes no sense to build a structure of a large area for 2-3 people, in this case it is better to choose a structure of 2x2 m.
The level of complexity of its installation depends on the shape of the gazebo. - rectangular, but round or hexagonal require more skill and time to build. If there is no experience at all, it is not worth taking on the construction of such a structure right away.
The foundation for the gazebo can be columnar, tape or slab. The cheapest option is, and besides, it is the easiest to deliver. The strip foundation is widely used for both small and large buildings, but practically not used for round gazebos. A monolithic slab base is ideal for any gazebo, but the larger the area, the more expensive the slab foundation is.
Roofs on garden gazebos are pitched, gable, pyramidal, in the form of a tent. The most budgetary and easy to install is a pitched roof. It is suitable for rectangular buildings, like a gable. Conical and pyramidal roofs are installed on hexagonal and round pavilions.
Materials for construction are very different: brick, stone, timber, logs, polycarbonate sheets, metal pipes, forged gratings, and some craftsmen collect gazebos even from bottles. The easiest way is to build from timber and metal racks; the assembly of the frame is carried out in a matter of hours, the sheathing also does not take much time. It is a little more difficult to work with logs, because you need to cut and connect them correctly. To lay out walls of stone and brick, it is advisable to have the appropriate skills, otherwise the masonry will turn out to be sloppy and unattractive.
Prices for garden tents
Garden tents
To avoid serious mistakes and minimize construction costs, you need to start with the simplest. For example, a rectangular gazebo with a pitched roof and on a slab foundation is taken.
Necessary materials:
- large stone or rubble;
- sand;
- formwork boards;
- timber 100x100 mm and 50x50 mm;
- boards with a section of 30x150 mm;
- primer for wood;
- dye;
- slate or corrugated board for the roof;
- screws and bolts;
- reinforcing bars.
You will also need tools:
Marking the base of the gazebo
Choose a flat open area of the garden and make a markup. To do this, determine the location of one of the corners of the gazebo and mark it with a peg. They measure the distance to the remaining corners, put beacons, pull a string between them. The diagonals are measured in the resulting rectangle: if they are of the same length, the marking is made correctly.
Pit preparation
The soil is selected with a shovel to a depth of about 25-30 cm, the bottom is leveled, it is carefully tamped. The pit walls must be strictly vertical. Then coarse sand is poured with a layer of 10 cm, it is well leveled and abundantly moistened for compaction. Formwork from boards up to 10 cm high is placed along the perimeter, reinforced with a bar.
Pouring the foundation
More about the foundation of the gazebo
The pit is laid out with large flat stones or covered almost to the top with large rubble. At the corners of the perimeter between the stones, pieces of reinforcing rods are driven in; the rods should rise above the finished foundation by at least 10 cm. A concrete solution is prepared and the foundation pit is poured. The surface is leveled with a rule or smoothed with a trowel.
Installing the frame
For the frame, take 4 beams 100x100 mm and cut to the height of the arbor. The front beams are left 15-20 cm longer than the rear ones to make the roof slope. After that, the supports are well treated with a primer and dried. In the lower end of each support, a small hole is drilled along the diameter of the reinforcing rods, which protrude from the concrete at the corners of the base. They put the bars on the rods, set them vertically using a level and additionally strengthen them with metal plates and anchor bolts.
After installation, the side supports are interconnected with boards of 50x150 mm, and then the braces for the rafters are mounted. At a height of 10 cm and 0.5 m from the floor, the racks are connected with horizontal jumpers from a bar of 50x50 mm. Vertical bars are fixed between the lintels with a pitch of 40 cm. The doorway is left free. All fastenings are carried out using bolts and steel corners, which are screwed to the tree with self-tapping screws.
Prices for various types of timber
On the boards connecting the support beams, logs are stuffed with a step of 30 cm. From above, the logs are sheathed with an edged board of 30x150 mm. Gaps with a width of 5 to 15 cm are left between the boards. Of course, all roof elements must be primed and well dried. You can cover the top of the board with glassine and fix it with staple staples. Thin strips are stuffed on top of the film so that there is a ventilation gap between the roofing and the film. Slate is laid on the slats and fixed with 120 mm nails with galvanized heads.
Arrangement of the gazebo
After installing the frame and roof, all wooden surfaces must be painted. When the paint dries, a wooden table and benches along the walls are placed inside the gazebo. Electricity is connected from the house to the gazebo, they hang a light bulb or lamp. To add coziness to the room, you can hang the walls with a dense light-colored fabric. The interior decoration completely depends on the taste and capabilities of the home owners.
This version of the gazebo is basic. If you wish, you can improve the design: install wooden gratings between the supporting beams, sheathe the walls with clapboard or waterproof plywood, lay logs on the concrete base and make a wooden floor. Instead of beams for the frame, you can take metal pipes, and replace the slate with polycarbonate or soft tiles.
A hexagonal garden gazebo always looks very elegant and is a decoration of any site. During its construction, the accuracy of calculations is very important, because errors at any of the stages will significantly affect the final result. You need to start with a drawing of the future building, which will allow you to correctly mark the site and calculate the amount of materials.
For construction you will need:
Step 1. Markup
To mark the site, you will need two wooden slats and a rope about 2 meters long. The selected area is leveled, freed from vegetation and stones, a rail is driven into the ground in the middle and tied with a rope. The other end of the rope is tied to another rail and, using such a homemade compass, a circle is drawn with a radius of 1.75 m. The resulting circle is divided into 6 equal parts and beacons are placed on the marking line. Support posts for the gazebo will be located here.
Step 2. Making a columnar foundation
In place of the beacons, holes are dug 0.5 m deep and rectangular. River sand is poured onto the bottom with a layer of 10-15 cm, then a layer of coarse gravel of the same thickness. A 70 cm long steel rod is driven in in the middle of the hole, after which everything is poured with cement mortar. A brick is laid on top in 3-4 rows with obligatory dressing. The rebar should be centered on the masonry. In the same way, lay out the remaining 5 supports and allow the solution to dry well.
Step 3. Installation of the base of the gazebo
Measure the distance between adjacent posts and cut the beams according to measurements. You should get 6 beams of the same length and thickness. To securely connect the supports to each other, cuts are made at the ends in half the thickness of the tree. After that, the lumber is primed and dried, and then laid on columns in the form of a hexagon. Pieces must be laid between the beams and pillars of the foundation.
When the beams of the lower harness are fixed, lags are attached inside the hexagon. The central joist is placed exactly in the center of the structure, horizontally aligned and fixed to the beams using metal plates and bolts. Next, 2 logs are mounted perpendicular to the central one, and all the rest are inserted at an angle, for which small cuts are made at the ends of the boards on both sides. In conclusion, the logs are strengthened with jumpers from a bar and sheathed with boards.
Step 4. Erection of walls
The arbor frame is made of 6 beams 100x100 mm of the same length. Each bar is installed on one of the corners of the base and fixed with anchor bolts. Be sure to check the verticality of the support legs so that the structure is not skewed. Along the upper edge, a strapping of thick boards is mounted, and at a height of 70-90 cm from the floor, the racks are connected with horizontal jumpers from a bar, leaving the entrance free.
The walls can be made in several versions, depending on the materials available. You can close the gazebo up to half with sheets of waterproof plywood, sheathe it with boards, fix wooden figured lattices on the jumpers between the posts. You can make two or three walls blank, and decorate the rest with forged elements.
Step 5. Roof installation
When the walls are ready, proceed to the installation of the roof rafters. Planks 50x100 mm are taken as rafters; for convenience, the assembly is carried out on the ground. Since there is no central post in the gazebo, it is quite difficult to neatly connect the rafters. To simplify this process, a hexagon cut from a bar will help, each side of which will correspond to the thickness of the rafters. The ends of the boards are cut at an angle and fastened with nails to the hexagon; and on the inside of the strapping, grooves are cut out for installing rafters. After that, the structure is sheathed with boards in a circle, leaving small gaps, lifted up and fixed with bolts. Now all that remains is to lay it down.
Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters
Fasteners for rafters
Video - DIY garden gazebos
Video - How to build a gazebo