A rational owner always thinks about how to wisely invest money in purchasing a solid fuel boiler for a private house and reduce the cost of its further operation during the heating season. Which is better, more profitable, more convenient? What boilers exist for heating, their types, advantages and disadvantages, this article will tell.
Types of solid fuel boilers for a private house
Prices for electricity and gas are growing from year to year, moreover, it is not always possible to connect to the mains. Thus, a solid fuel boiler can be considered a reliable, autonomous and economical option for heating a house. With its pros and cons.
All existing boilers that run on solid fuel, for convenience, can be divided as follows:
- Boilers, into the furnace of which fuel is supplied automatically, are pellet solid fuel boilers. They run on solid granular fuels. Pellet boilers are often referred to as long burning boilers.
- Boilers requiring manual fuel loading. They can also be divided into groups:
- classic or traditional boilers;
- upper combustion pyrolysis boilers;
- long burning boilers.
The general parameter by which boilers are usually selected is the time of fuel combustion with one load, as well as the type of fuel on which they work effectively.
Solid fuel boiler with hob
When choosing a solid fuel boiler for heating a summer cottage or a private house, you should pay attention to the following parameters:
- number of working contours. A double-circuit boiler will heat the room and provide hot water;
- the presence of a hob will help solve the problem with cooking;
- boiler power and efficiency. A boiler with a capacity of 5-12 kW will be able to heat a house with an area of 100 sq. m;
- dimensions, weight and ease of installation;
- boiler design and fuel loading method;
- fuel used.
Advice. Solid fuel boilers are produced only floor-standing; it is impossible to hang such a boiler on the wall.
Classic solid fuel boilers
This is the most common type of boiler. Made of cast iron or heat-resistant steel. Heat is generated by burning solid fuels. Solid fuel boilers operate on coal, wood, peat, heating granules. They are used for heating as well as for heating water. Most often they are heated with coal, as the wood burns out quickly. The temperature sensor is responsible for maintaining the temperature in the boiler and regulates the air damper. When the temperature drops, the sensor opens the damper and vice versa.
Classic solid fuel boiler
They work from 2 to 6 hours on one load of fuel. Completely autonomous: they do not depend on the electrical network and the availability of gas. In more modern versions, electronic temperature sensors and a control panel are built in, as well as a blower fan, which makes the operation more comfortable.
Advantages:
- time-tested technology;
- easy and reliable to use;
- relatively low cost, a wide range of manufacturers, models and prices for boilers;
- the ability to use fuel available in your area;
- autonomy - no power connection required;
- low level of efficiency;
- simple piping of the boiler;
- low cost of fuel in comparison with energy carriers and gas tariffication.
Disadvantages:
- it is necessary to equip a warehouse for storing fuel supplies;
- shallow depth of temperature control;
- inertia of the fuel combustion process;
- the need for fuel delivery and preparation.
Advice. The coal burns up slowly and gradually, keeping approximately the same temperature in the furnace. Firewood and its by-products ignite faster, so they cannot immediately fill the entire firebox. This will lead to short-term generation of a large amount of heat and overheating of the boiler, which is very dangerous.
Solid fuel pyrolysis boilers
Pyrolysis boilers are a relatively new technology. This type of boilers is used for heating and heating water. They have two combustion chambers. In the first chamber, the fuel itself burns with an artificial oxygen deficiency. During combustion, volatile substances are released, which are burned in the second chamber.
Pyrolysis boilers operate on wood, fuel briquettes, pellets, brown coal, there are models with the consumption of coke and coal. The fuel must be dry, otherwise water vapor entering the second chamber can extinguish the boiler. Some pyrolysis boilers are equipped with a thermostatic air regulator and devices that protect the boiler from boiling. In case of boiling, the thermostatic valve will drain the water by opening the damper and the temperature inside the boiler will drop.
Advantages:
- Efficiency not less than 90%;
- minimum amount of ash and soot formation;
- 2-4 times additional fuel filling is required;
- convenient and reliable to use;
- the fuel burns out completely, the ash pan does not need to be cleaned often;
- reduced emission of harmful smoke into the atmosphere;
- you can burn large, non-chopped firewood.
Disadvantages:
- complex boiler design;
- high price;
- the wood must be dry (no more than 20% moisture);
- connection to the mains is required;
- at a load of half the power, combustion is unstable, tar is formed in the gas ducts;
- there is no way to automate the process of fuel supply.
Advice. The boiler can be installed in almost any technical room with an organized air supply. The chimney is organized internally or externally.
Pellet solid fuel boilers, boilers with automatic fuel supply
In Europe, this type of boiler is very popular. They are used for heating, as well as for heating water for domestic needs. Pellets are used as fuel for these boilers - pressed shavings, sawdust from wood. The main important convenience is automation. They do an excellent job of maintaining the set temperature. All that is required of you is to fill the bunker with fuel at the beginning of the heating season. The boiler has a built-in auger that independently feeds pellets into the firebox. The only disappointing thing is that nothing but pellets can be burned.
Advantages:
- durability, service life over 20 years;
- automatic fuel addition;
- automatic ignition;
- Efficiency 90%;
- keep the set temperature stably.
Disadvantages:
- works only on wood pellets;
- high cost of fuel and equipment;
- an electrical connection is required.
Important. The use of the wrong fuel leads to excessive fuel consumption and can lead to equipment failure.
Long burning boilers
This type of boilers is capable of operating on coke, brown and coal, peat briquettes, wood, wood chips, sawdust. Those models that are designed to work only on wood differ only in the air supply system and the materials from which the combustion chamber is made. You can load up to 50 kg of fuel at a time. Burning time of wood from 12 hours to two days. If the furnace is filled with coal, the burning time will be from four days to a week. If it has become warmer outside and there is no need to heat too much, then you can reduce the boiler power by 10%, simply by lowering the fuel burning rate.
Long burning boilers are new generation boilers. In many models, the boiler has a bottom, which indicates complete tightness. Solid fuel is burned in such a boiler from top to bottom. This is why they can last so long on a single load. The fuel does not burn all at once, but only the first 10-20 cm. The air supplied to the furnace is warmed up by the outgoing smoke, and then enters the combustion zone with the help of a recuperator. The air distributor is always at the combustion level.
Advantages:
- non-volatile;
- with one load with coal they work up to 5 days, and with firewood - up to 2 days;
- deep power adjustment;
- ash is taken out 2-3 times a month;
- the price of such a boiler is lower than a pyrolysis boiler, but higher than a classic solid fuel boiler for long burning.
Disadvantages:
- Low efficiency;
- full-cycle operation without the possibility of additional fuel loading;
- additionally, it is necessary to install a circulation pump that operates from the network.
Advice. Some manufacturers provide replaceable burners, which allows the user to easily switch from one type of fuel to another (for example, from coal to pellets) without losing the comfort of using the boiler. The user only needs to change the burner and reconfigure the automation.
How to heat a house with a solid fuel boiler: video
Solid fuel boiler for home: photo
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Solid fuel heating in a private house
Solid fuel heating is perhaps the oldest way to provide warmth in a home. However, despite the fact that many thousands of years ago people used fires and hearths (which are also essentially solid fuel heating), modern systems are environmentally friendly, easy to use and are not inferior to gas heating or electrical systems that appeared much later.
Solid fuel heating of a private house today is a simple, convenient and budgetary way to provide a comfortable temperature, regardless of the thermometer outside the window. Modern options for solid fuel boilers are suitable for any home, given a significant range of models with a different set of functions and performance, everyone will find an optimal solution for themselves.
Modern solid fuel boilers make it possible to provide not only heat in the house, but also the supply of hot water in the presence of uninterrupted water supply - in this case, it is recommended to install a double-circuit boiler. The possibilities of this type of heating are significant - it can be used to easily heat a house with an area of up to 500 m2 with radiators or underfloor heating systems. By and large, solid fuel heating is one of the most versatile, in addition, it is easy to optimize it for the needs of a particular house.
If we talk about the main characteristics of solid fuel heating, one cannot but say about its installation - on the one hand, it is quite affordable and does not take much time, on the other hand, it should be performed only by professionals, otherwise the risk of fire hazard, emergency situations and a decrease in the efficiency of the system increases sharply.
Solid fuel heating system
Modern solid fuel heating systems include many different components responsible for both the direct provision of heat and the safety and automation of processes. Among the components of the heating system are:
- solid fuel boiler with a heat exchange element;
- thermostat;
- cold reverse protection;
- an emergency safety system that is triggered when the pressure is exceeded;
- protection of automation against voltage surges and power outages;
- chimney;
- expansion tank;
- a hydraulic separating element, which is necessary for mixing the return flow and circulation of the coolant;
- collector (in multi-circuit systems);
- circulation pump;
- internal piping that supplies heat through the pipeline;
- heat carrier (distilled water, steam or a mixture of liquid with antifreeze);
- heating radiators.
Modern solid fuel heating systems are easy to operate and anyone can easily cope with their regulation. In addition, thanks to a significant amount of automation and a modern protection system, such systems can be safely placed in a country house, of course, observing the manufacturer's recommendations and fire safety rules.
Pros and cons of solid fuel heating
Solid fuel heating, like any other system, has a number of advantages and some disadvantages that should be considered when choosing a heat supply system. Note that the price of a solid fuel heating system significantly affects the number of advantages and disadvantages - many of the problems that users previously encountered were solved in more expensive and modern models (for example, choosing a model with automatic loading, you can much less often think about the need to load fuel).
The undoubted advantages of solid fuel heating:
- environmental friendliness - the fuel burns out almost completely, and ash and soot do not harm the environment and are quite simply disposed of;
- easy maintenance - modern models are regularly cleaned of ash, the rest of the maintenance is carried out 1-2 times a year and it is also quite simple;
- simple installation by specialists, which will not take much time, which means that the owners will not have to wait long;
- compliance with safety standards;
- affordable fuel cost.
As for the disadvantages of solid fuel heating, some of them are due to the cycle of the boiler and the system as a whole, while other disadvantages appear only in the case of improper use or gross violations of the operating rules.
The objective disadvantages of a solid fuel heating system are:
- the need for constant replenishment of fuel reserves in the chamber (this problem is partially solved by boilers with automatic loading and long-burning boilers, however, even in the most modern models, it will be necessary to replenish the fuel supply manually at least once every 5 days);
- the possibility of combustion products entering the air of residential premises during the loading of the fuel chamber;
- the need to maintain an appropriate temperature regime - with a decrease in temperature in the system, the formation of resinous compounds is possible;
- the need for system maintenance, in particular chimney cleaning, which will have to be trusted by professionals.
Solid fuel, gas or electric heating?
What type of heating to choose - solid fuel, electric or gas - every owner of a country house thinks about. Considering the wide range of heating systems on the market, this is not surprising. What you should pay attention to when choosing:
- base cost (estimate provided by the company for the arrangement of a turnkey system);
- efficiency in the process of work (monthly heating costs and the price of heat in the house for the season);
- security;
- the possibility of continuous operation (which is important for solid fuel boilers with frequent absences of owners and, accordingly, the impossibility of loading, as well as for gas and electric boilers using trunk resources with the likelihood of shutting down the supply of resources);
- ease of maintenance;
- possible operational difficulties;
- the convenience of use.
When choosing modern heating systems, users usually pay attention only to prices (and many look only at the base price, not taking into account the costs during the operation of the system), as well as ease of use and the possibility of continuous operation. This is logical in principle, because all modern heating options are quite safe if used correctly (otherwise, they would not appear on the market), and service can always be entrusted to specialists.
Base system cost may differ significantly not only depending on the type of selected resource for heating (gas, electricity or solid fuel), but also on the modification of individual elements of the system. So, depending on the boiler, a solid fuel system can differ in price at times. The best option when choosing a base cost is to contact a diversified company that will calculate several heating options that match your wishes - this is how you can find out the objective cost. Our clients noticed that companies dealing only with, for example, gas heating, calculate the estimates for it correctly, and the figures for other heat sources are overstated, which creates the appearance of the benefits of the very system that the company is selling. This does not mean that gas heating is not beneficial for your home, but it is difficult to consider such miscalculations objective.
The efficiency in the process of the heating system operation is calculated depending on the required amount of resources and their price to provide heat, taking into account the area of the house and its thermal insulation (wall thickness, dimensions of windows and double-glazed windows that are installed, as well as other structural features of the building). All other things being equal, in the same building, the most advantageous is modern solid fuel heating system(taking into account the cost and consumption per season of electricity, gas or solid fuel).
Heating the house with wood and other solid fuels
When choosing a solid fuel heating system, you should pay attention to what kind of fuel is suitable for the boiler (some units easily operate on several types of fuel, but there are models that need a specific type of fuel). At the same time, different types of fuel are capable of producing different amounts of heat and the costs for the heating season will differ.
We have calculated the cost of heating a country house using the most popular types of solid fuels, so that you can choose the best option:
- Firewood- about 20,000 rubles per season (to obtain 1 kW of heat, you need about 5 kg of firewood, per season - at least 4.5 tons, which, given the average mass of m3, will be about 7 m3 per season (at the moment, the cost of 1 m3 is 2500 rubles )).
- Pellets- up to 77,000 rubles (with continuous operation of the boiler, it takes about 1.69 t / month at a price of 7,000 rubles / ton, if the heating season lasts 7 months - we get 77,000 rubles per season).
- Briquettes or Eurowood- from 20,000 to 45,000 rubles per season (average consumption per season varies from 3 to 7 tons at a price of 6,000 rubles / ton).
- Coal- 18,000 rubles per season (to obtain 1 kW, you need about 3 kg of coal, you will have to spend about 3 tons per season at a price of 6,000 rubles / ton).
We have given the average figures, because the parameters of the system itself and the quality of the fuel affect its consumption. In particular, the most controversial option in this miscalculation is firewood, because the amount of heat received may differ depending on the wood species and the moisture content of the firewood. In addition, one should not forget that the efficiency and budget of solid fuel heating also depends on the efficiency of the boiler itself - the higher it is, the less fuel is needed to obtain a certain amount of heat and the lower is the fuel consumption per season.
Possible difficulties when using solid fuel heating
For high-quality and long-term functioning of the solid fuel heating system, protection against such factors should be provided:
- Freezing of the coolant - everyone who lived in multi-storey buildings with centralized heating knows that if you do not “drain the water from the system,” then the pipes will burst in frost. This is due to the expansion of the water when it freezes. To prevent the coolant from freezing in private houses, modern antifreezes are used, which must be changed every 5 years. Recently, propylene glycol antifreezes have been used quite often, which do not cause metal corrosion and, if leaked, do not harm the environment (unlike ethylene glycol antifreezes).
- The appearance of tarry deposits and condensation, which can damage the boiler. This can happen with a cold return flow of the coolant, and to prevent such a situation, three-way thermostatic valves are used, which prevent a decrease in temperature due to the flow of hot water from an additional pipe.
- Decreased efficiency and flue clogging due to wet fuel. It can be solved only by using fuel of normal moisture content.
- Overheating of the boiler during a power outage with further discharge of antifreeze from the system. To prevent such difficulties, an ILL is installed, which supports the operation of automation and circulation pumps in normal mode.
Also, one cannot fail to say about the risk of fires that appear with improper installation or violation of recommendations for boiler equipment. We have already said that the installation of a solid fuel heating system should be carried out only by specialists who have experience and thoroughly know all the rules and regulations.
Solid fuel heating for a country house - price and guarantees
Efficient and safe work solid fuel heating systems all clients of the Mosvodostroy company can boast. Our specialists will not only correctly install the boiler and other system elements, but will also help you choose an economical and safe system.
We have repeatedly faced the need to fix or install a new heating system "from scratch" after unskilled work, we should not save on the heating system, because the failure of the boiler is a minor nuisance compared to a fire. However, this minor nuisance translates into big expenses, therefore, as they say in one well-known city, “we are not rich enough to pay twice for a poor-quality product,” or rather, for poor-quality work (we are not even talking about uncertified boilers).
Anyone who wants to equip a solid fuel heating system in a country house should first of all pay attention to the qualifications of the craftsmen and the contract provided by the company. You have every right to study the contract before signing, as well as inquire about the experience and qualifications of the masters. If the contract is not provided or guarantees are not spelled out in it, but only your payment obligations, it is better not to cooperate with such a company.
A solid fuel heating system is installed once and for many years - work with professionals and your home will be warm and safe. To calculate the estimate, select equipment or to familiarize yourself with the terms of the contract that we offer to our clients - call our manager or leave a request on the website.
Water and steam solid fuel heating
Many people who hear about “solid fuel water heating” are surprised, because the very word “solid fuel” implies that the fuel is solid - so what does water have to do with it? Water or steam heating is a direct indication of the coolant in the system, that is, these data are needed to understand what is inside the piping and radiators or underfloor heating. After the installation of the heating system, a coolant is poured into it - water or various mixtures. Heated steam is also circulated in some systems. When choosing a heating system, you should pay attention to the coolant, however, water heating, as before, occupies a leading position due to its availability and good heat transfer.
Pyrolysis
They are equipped with two combustion chambers, in one of which the pyrolysis process takes place without oxygen, as a result, not only heat is released, but also gas, which burns in the upper chamber and gives additional heat. The operating time of the boiler after one fuel load is up to 10-12 hours. The combustion temperature in such units is lower, which contributes to a longer service life of the chimney.
Pellet
They can work autonomously for up to 5 days, are often equipped with modern automation with support for a GSM signal. They work only on pellets and with an uninterrupted supply of fuel, for which they are equipped with a screw conveyor. Such boilers are volatile, which should be taken into account when choosing them. The combustion process takes place in a special bowl that is heated by a retort, flare or fireplace type burner.
Long burning boilers
They can work on sawdust or wood, however, modern models can also be filled with carbohydrates or mixtures of coal, wood and peat (depending on the features of the unit). The burning time of one bookmark of firewood in such boilers is from 12 hours to 2 days, which is due to the special design of the chamber, in which combustion goes from top to bottom with slow smoldering of fuel. A single load is about 50 kg of fuel, and such boilers can operate on wood of different sizes, briquettes, peat, coal and chips.
In this article, we will talk about the features of choosing solid fuel boilers for heating a country private house.
You will find out what you need to pay attention to when buying a boiler, what is the difference between single-circuit long-burning boilers and double-circuit ones.
And also, let's talk about the rules for operating boilers to ensure the duration of their operation.
This point must be taken into account if there are plastic and metal-plastic pipes in the heating system. At a temperature of 100-110 ° C, pipe deformation may occur.
To protect the system from overheating, switching valves and special coolers are used, which are installed in the boiler or at its outlet.
Cooling water is supplied to the cooling heat exchanger. If the system is overheated, the valve will open and cold water will enter the system.
In the attic or somewhere nearby, you can put a tank with cold water, if there are cases of interruption in it. Installing a buffer tank with water will allow it to be supplied to the heating system if necessary.
The chimney must have the ability to neutralize high temperatures and not be subject to destructive effects. Chimney dimensions: diameter 18 cm, height no more than 4 m. To reduce heat loss, the chimney can be insulated with a sleeve or a sandwich pipe.
Important! If it is not possible to install a chimney that meets all the requirements, purchase a boiler with a fan.
The boiler is installed for solid fuel at a distance of at least 20 cm from other flammable surfaces. On the wooden floor, place a support for thermal insulation larger than the base of the boiler. The floor near the fuel loading door is covered with thermal insulation by 30 cm, from the sides - by 10 cm.
The boiler's technological passport states that it is necessary to connect to the chimney. The chimney duct should be no more than 1m. This rule cannot be ignored, otherwise irreparable consequences may arise.
Solid fuel for the boiler is fired with wood chips or paper. Firewood and coal are thrown through the loading door. Then the paper is set on fire, waiting for ignition, the door is closed.
Over time, you need to make sure that the fuel has ignited and add more firewood. Do not cover the opening on the grate. For quick heating of a cold room, the boiler is fully loaded, after which I lower the temperature.
When using chips and firewood, the boiler is loaded more often. Anthracite and briquettes allow you to do this procedure less often.
Important! It is prohibited to ignite the boiler with flammable liquid substances! Cleaning must be carried out regularly (after several heating cycles), due to the accumulation of slag and ash from coal.
It is no secret that from the point of view of efficiency and ease of use, gas heating is the most convenient. In cases where the settlement is located at a considerable distance from the gas main, it is most rational to equip the autonomous heat supply with a solid fuel stake.
The use of autonomous boiler equipment has a number of features that inexperienced owners may simply not know about. For example, with solid fuel boilers fired by coal, a lot of questions can arise, since such boilers differ in rather peculiar behavior and characteristics. How to heat a boiler with coal will be discussed in this article.
The heating unit is the basis of any heating system, therefore, special attention should be paid to its choice. Modern long-burning solid fuel boilers with high heat transfer and increased productivity have proven themselves well. They are affordable.
The difference between a mine-type boiler and other types of wood-fired units is that solid fuel burns in it for a long time and does not need to be thrown up often. Long-term burning of wood is provided due to the significant volume of the combustion chamber. In this case, firewood is burned slowly.
Modern solid fuel boilers are technological installations that allow you to heat a private house with high quality, while saving on resources. In this article, we will talk about how to assemble a solid fuel boiler with your own hands, and what types of such units are.
Wood-fired boilers are still in demand in suburban households. And even gasification of small settlements is not able to change this trend. If desired, you can mount a heating system with a homemade wood-fired heating boiler.
The popularity of solid fuel boilers is explained by their independence from electricity, ease of operation, efficiency and availability of fuel. In cases where funds for the purchase of a factory model are not available, such a heater can be built independently.
The cost of heating individual residential buildings has been increasing over the years, and home owners are increasingly interested in options that allow this very cost to be reduced. One of the options for cheap heating equipment is wood-burning boilers, the operation of which is associated with considerable savings.
The smoke exhauster is an electromechanical type device. It is designed to remove fuel combustion products from furnaces and boilers and is an exhaust fan mounted in chimneys. Such devices are indispensable elements of steam and water heating units for industrial use.
The Russian-made Cooper solid fuel heating devices from the Teplodar company appeared on sale about ten years ago, but they still have no worthy competitors. The fact is that previously, consumers were offered either expensive products of foreign manufacture, or domestic devices of low quality.
Modern, efficient and affordable heating units are highly demanded heating equipment. Heating boilers operating on solid fuels fully provide heat not only to private households, but also to technical premises.
Long-term operation of the heating unit is impossible without a properly equipped chimney. Regardless of the material from which the chimney for a solid fuel boiler is made, it is designed to provide traction force, remove combustion products and flue gases to the outside, preventing them from entering living quarters.
In modern space heating systems that run on solid fuel, it is possible to install a three-way valve for a solid fuel boiler, which helps to regulate the temperature of the coolant going to the batteries. This is also relevant due to the fact that in systems that run on solid fuel, there is such a problem as sudden overheating and boiling of a liquid that acts as a heat carrier. It is not always possible to control this process, therefore the installation of such equipment also plays the role of a security system.
The popularity of solid fuel boilers for heating a private house is explained by their independence from electricity and gasification. These devices allow you to organize the effective operation of an autonomous heating system for a home.
Many private home owners are sure that it is impossible to save on heating with a solid fuel boiler, but they are very wrong. If you correctly approach the choice of the boiler and the design of the heating system, then you can make quite economical heating. The truth about the process of installing and setting up equipment will have to be taken with full responsibility, as when installing a wall-mounted gas boiler in a private house.
Solid fuel boilers are considered the best heating option when it comes to large industrial premises, as well as residential buildings with several apartments. Such equipment is distinguished by its reliability and high quality characteristics. In the article below, we will consider what a hot water solid fuel heating boiler is, how it differs from other solid fuel heating options, and what types of such equipment are.
Heating with wood or coal is the cheapest if there is no natural gas. But how to do it so that there are fewer worries, and at the same time not go broke on boilers and heating systems. Consider how to make home solid fuel heating most economically, and then with a priority on convenience ...
What types of solid fuel boilers are sold
There are 5 main types of solid fuel boilers. There are also some intermediate, hybrid options, so this variety is really difficult to understand.
- Classical design - fuel combustion from bottom to top.
- Classic design, but with additional air supply for gas afterburning in the upper part of the boiler. Increased efficiency in combustion modes with a lack of oxygen. These boilers, for advertising purposes, are called "pyrolysis effect" and the like.
- Pyrolysis boilers with a large load of wood, smoldering in one section, and the combustion of the outgoing gas takes place in another chamber. These are massive complex units with fans and electronics, expensive. We can immediately say that they simply do not justify the money invested. The user gets waste and problems.
Pellet or automated with a bunker can work without human intervention for several days in a row. Then the fuel is poured into the bunker in a large portion, and the ash is removed. Apparatus with auger feeding is expensive, with fuel feeding under the influence of weight is cheaper.
Long burning time. Large load of firewood in one chamber, where combustion occurs from top to bottom, with afterburning of unburned gases. They are similar to pyrolysis ones, they have significant drawbacks - high price, inadequacy of energy output to the needs of the house, coking, emission of CO and ash into the atmosphere ....
Heat capacity of a house and system is the main condition for comfortable heating with solid fuel
The easiest and cheapest way to heat a house is only a boiler of classical design. Now they are being modernized - the capacity has increased, the volume of the bookmark has increased, the afterburning of gases with secondary air has appeared ...
Experts believe that an increase in the comfort of using a solid fuel boiler should be achieved by increasing the heat capacity of the "heating-house" system, and not by complicating the design of the boiler.
The main condition for the convenience of using a solid fuel boiler is a large internal heat capacity of the building and the heating system. In a well-insulated brick house with a concrete screed, warm floors need to be heated much less often, but with large tabs than in a wooden house with cracks and ... Buffer capacity adds even more comfort - a heat accumulator capable of containing more than a ton of hot coolant.
Simple boiler with increased power
If the house has a large heat capacity, then it is possible to achieve a relatively large simplicity and ease of control with a simple cheap solid fuel boiler, but with increased power.
They recommend even 2 - 3 times more powerful than required by the condition of "heat loss of the building".
Then one "solid" boiler furnace will transfer to the internal heat capacity of the house a sufficient amount of energy to maintain a comfortable temperature for a day (half a day).
The simplest heating with a boiler, which can be heated at full capacity, and at the same time not overheat the building will be the cheapest in terms of boiler equipment, but at the same time, and quite comfortable.
Features of the operation of simple solid fuel boilers
The buffer tank plays an important role - it can significantly reduce the labor intensity of heating with a solid fuel boiler. - read on the pages of the site.
Another important issue in the operation of a solid fuel boiler is maintaining the temperature of the heat exchanger not lower than +55 degrees C. The return temperature should not be lower than +50 degrees C. This is necessary so that condensation does not occur on the walls of the heat exchanger.
Condensation is very harmful to the boiler. - important information to ensure the normal operation of the home heating system.
Simple automated boiler option
If in the previous example we considered a conventional boiler, then we can pay attention to the coal bins installed on top of the unit - such models of heating equipment are already on sale. The budget option is not as expensive as an automated pellet heat generator, but functionally replaces it.
For example, for a 20 kW boiler (for a house area of 200 square meters), the manufacturer offers a bunker for 15 - 18 buckets (from 150 liters ...) of fuel. If we are talking about coal, then a filled hopper installed above the boiler will make it possible not to add fuel to a crescent, but the ash may have to be disposed of more often.
Modern automation of the fuel supply process makes solid fuel boilers much more convenient - you just have to look at the samples ...
What solid fuel to use
- In coal regions, anthracite coal grades (antacite, semi-anthracite, lean) are the optimal fuel for solid fuel boilers at a price, despite the costs of ash removal and disposal. We get the cheapest kilowatt of energy, while fuel is rarely needed ... It is important that modern automated boilers are able to burn coal on rotating burners, which is sintered into cakes. If you use this type of fuel, then the choice of the boiler must be approached especially meticulously, he must be able to do it ....
- In "wood-burning regions" coal is already more expensive due to delivery and intermediaries, but firewood, wood chips and sawdust are literally underfoot. It is important that the ash can be used to fertilize the soil in the backyard. Automated boilers require a wood chipper ... But in any case, only dry wood with a moisture content of less than 20% should be used. It is also recommended to dry the fuel in a hot place for a week before laying, as the effect will be great.
- Pellets - "Euro wood", usually more expensive and a kilowatt of energy from them, as a rule, 1.3 - 1.5 times more expensive than from coal or firewood. But they are firstly contacted in those regions where conventional fuels are scarce and expensive. Secondly, there is less hassle with them, if we talk about purchasing, delivery and stowing in an automated boiler - a lot is decided by the convenience of delivery "on call". Usually, automatic pellet boilers with a screw feed from a large bunker are installed in large houses, from 350 sq. So expensive boilers are justified in price. It is not very rational to put them in a small house.