Before you study the information on how to correctly carry out the laying and arrangement of a seam roof, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the basic terms of such a structure.
Seam roofing is a special modern coating, where compound adjacent structural parts produced by means of special folds.
Painting is one of the elements of modern roofing, in which all the edges and edges are prepared for the arrangement of the seam connection.
Among the main advantages of the roof can be noted possibility of long-term use of the coating, based on the availability of modern anti-corrosion coating.
The rebate elements are lightweight and have a smooth surface. Thanks to this, snow and water do not linger on the surface.
In this article, we will analyze in detail how to make a seam roof made of iron sheets and how to properly prepare a crate for a roof using a special technology.
The device of a seam roof begins with the choice of fastening - a seam. The folds can be standing and lying, and they differ in that with the help of horizontal ones, you can effectively connect all the elements that are in the same position. Standing elements can be used to connect the roof along the entire length of the slope.
Folds are characterized by different types of joint produced, which can be single and special double... In the first case, this is one classic bend, the double is distinguished by the ability to ensure maximum tightness. Such folds are used in those areas of the roof where there is a danger of moisture accumulation, from leaks, which is typical for a gutter.
Types of locks
Seam roofing tool
For proper installation, you may need a lot of tools, different attachments for them and other elements. Before installation, it is worth preparing the following roofing tool for standing seam roofing:
- All possible measuring devices - plumb line, level, levels.
- A tool for detecting the difference between the heights of all surface points in relation to one or another set level. Equipment is required to measure the possible rise in level.
- Manual and more modern electric scissors, which are needed for cutting and neat cutting of roofing elements.
- Nibbler for the implementation of the operational sharpening process.
- Hacksaw and construction jigsaw for efficient lathing.
- Standard grinder.
- Household drill and hammer drill.
- Fastening gun for pressing out. Rubber and wood mallets.
The rebate panels can be cut using angle grinders. The main thing is that all untreated areas are carefully protected from sawdust, and the cut points should be treated with special anti-corrosion compounds.
Seam roof mounting tool
Roofing cake
The rebate roof pie is characterized by a special multicomponent system, which, in addition to the roofing itself, consists of various other elements. These include, as well as quality. Hence the name roofing cake - it consists of a large number of layers... If the cake is set up correctly, a lot of different problems can be avoided. This is the ideal way to prevent icicles, condensation build-up and heat loss.
NOTE!
Arranging the cake requires special attention, since errors in the design process of a particular layer will seriously reduce the overall strength indicators, as well as the durability of the structure.
Competent is of great importance in the process of designing and arranging the roof. It removes excess moisture from all the roofing cake. To remove water through the membranes into the equipped ventilation, during the installation process, it is worth leaving several holes in the roof. Wooden lathing will cope with this process perfectly.
Roofing cake
What is a cleat and why is it needed
In the process of arranging a seam roof covering, fastening devices such as clamps are used. In fact, this is a special device that is designed to fix roofing sheets... It is possible not to use nails, which can compromise the integrity and complete tightness of the coating.
The use of a clamp greatly simplifies the process of installing the roof covering, and ensures the overall durability of the system. Finishing the roof with such elements makes it aesthetically pleasing and as tight as possible.
Sheathing for seam roofing
Fastening of the seam roofing is carried out strictly to the preliminary installed crate. This will help prevent sagging of steel sheets, but only if the required pitch range is fully observed.
Materials such as:
- Galvanized metal profile.
- Eco-friendly wooden beams 50 to 50.
- Board 100 by 32.
These elements are fixed strictly from the bottom and upward, that is, from the eaves to the roof ridge. If a metal lathing or a discharged wooden lathing is installed, it is worth using a high-quality anti-condensation film before installing it on the rafters. When using a special solid sheathing or other completely solid base, a special category film will need to be laid over the entire flooring.
Lathing step - 20 centimeters, it is allowed to use a step in the range of 20-40 centimeters.
The material provides the following advantages:
- Permanent ventilation duct device, which will remove condensed moisture that appears on the back of the roof made of metal;
- Effective prevention of destructive corrosion metal elements, as well as rotting wood elements;
- Significant reduction of noise from precipitation.
Where the installation of roof nodes - valleys, roof cornices, as well as connections and abutments to various protruding elements of the structure is carried out, the second lathing profile element is mounted... This gives increased strength and rigidity to the installed panels.
Additional elements
The design of the lathing is made even, the presence of depressions, as well as different protrusions, is unacceptable. Roof ribs and standard skates are mounted in a straight line, and the lowermost board is also straight.
If the lathing is made of wood, preference should be given to such types of wood as aspen, spruce, fir, pine. The moisture content of the boards should not be more than 12%... To give the wood strength, for its durability, the material should be impregnated with special antiseptics.
Lathing
It is possible to significantly increase the operating time of a wooden lathing by covering it with linseed oil. A structural vapor diffusion film is laid on the finished crate. Its durability, as well as the quality of the entire roof, in general, depends on the competent arrangement of the lathing. Even relatively a slight deflection of the sheets can weaken the tightness of the mounted folds.
If an insulated roof is being installed, high-quality ventilation must be provided without fail. In this situation, first a counter-lattice is placed, a special hydro-windproof membrane is mounted under it, and only then the lath itself
Seam roof slope - optimal and minimum
In the process of arranging a folded roof, it is important to observe the slope of the roof. It can be optimal and minimal. The choice is made on the basis of the architectural and planning features of the building.
The optimal slope is on average 10-15 degrees of inclination.
In the higher part, the builders take out ordinary living quarters, in the lower utility rooms and bathrooms. The optimal roof slope can be steeper, then the angle of inclination can be 20-30 degrees.
As for the minimum slope of a seam roof, they are recommended for certain categories of roofing. The design features of such a roof make it possible to cover any roofs of any size without any problems, the main thing is that they are flat.
Roof angle
In this case, the tilt angle does not go beyond the 15-degree indicator. The type of material used directly depends on the slope angle. suitable for a roof of 20%. ideal for roofs with a slope of 5%. In all cases, small overlaps must be taken into account when installing the cover. A special sealing tape must be laid in the joints.
Seam roof waterproofing
When installing the roof, it is important to pay special attention to the connecting seams. This is one of the most important indicators that has a direct impact on ensuring the sealing of the roof and seam.
If you use a special covering equipped with a self-locking fold, as well as a double standing rebate, you can ensure a high level of tightness.
It is equally important to use a high-quality fastener, that is, nails, self-tapping screws and clamps for standing seam roofs, made of high-quality galvanized steel.
They play an important role in providing a seal, the longer they maintain their quality, preventing leaks.
The correct device for hydro and thermal protection under the roof completely reduces the risk of rapid deterioration of the roof covering. High tightness rates will remain for decades.
Installation of seam roofing - instructions
From a professional point of view, the construction of a structure must necessarily be carried out with careful observance of certain conditions, as well as a sequence of actions established by professionals.
Do-it-yourself seam roofing:
- Making special paintings that will be used to cover standard ramps and other parts such as overhangs and roof gutters. For this purpose, blanks or paintings are produced according to a previously prepared drawing and scheme.
- The edges of these parts must be bent, that is, they are prepared for use with folded joints.
- Raising previously prepared paintings to the construction, their connection with special standing seams... The pre-installed paintings are securely attached to the wooden crate with clamps. One side is folded into a seam, the other joins the mounted lathing bar.
- At the final stage aprons are mounted on all existing holes made of high quality steel.
- If you still have questions about the installation of the coating, we recommend watching the video below.
Rebate clamp
Fold tie
CAREFULLY!
In the process of using sheets 10 meters long, it is worth fixing them securely to the crate installed on the roof, using clamps of a special floating type... Only in this way the roof will not at all lose a high level of tightness, even with temperature drops.
Installation of snow guards
The work on the installation of the roof provides for the installation of special 
fences. They are kind of able to solve a huge number of different problems.
By means of fences it is possible to reduce snow falling from the roof. This will completely prevent the possibility of damage to health and property. Growing plantings can be protected next to the building.
Fences significantly improve working conditions in the process of performing work related to roof maintenance. Snow protectors effectively prevent possible damage to the gutter.
It is important to carry out such fences on the roof in full accordance with the requirements officially recorded in SNiP 21-01-9. The documents indicate that fences must be present on roofs with an inclination angle of 12 degrees and with a total eaves height of 10 meters or more.
Snow protectors for standing seam roofs must be not only reliable and durable, but also attractive in terms of their appearance. It is advisable to ensure that the design is fully consistent with the overall style of the house. For this, special shaped pipes or similar materials are used. All parts of the fence should be painted with a special polymer paint on a special powder base.
Installation of snow guards
Useful video
Detailed installation of standing seam roofing in the video below:
Conclusion
If the work is carried out strictly in compliance with the listed rules and conditions, the seam roofing can rightly be classified as durable and at the same time unpretentious in the process of operation of coatings. The roof covering can be installed without problems in private buildings as well as in public buildings.
In contact with
Old Moscow mansions are covered with folded roofs. This type of roof is strongly associated with architectural classics. Nevertheless, almost all cottages in the classic style are covered with tiles. Perhaps it is worth returning to a well-forgotten old one? Moreover, it is not so expensive, but looks more stylish.
Roofing sheets that are folded together are called paintings. Various metals and alloys are used as material for paintings: copper, aluminum, zinc-titanium, galvanized steel. Copper is the most expensive one. Zinc-titanium is a more democratic material, but some of its models overtake copper in price, and it behaves capriciously - if improperly installed, it can rot. Perhaps the most budgetary solution would be a seam roof made of aluminum with a polymer coating and a film that protects the sheets from scratches. Galvanized steel sheets are also suitable for our climate. They can be coated with polyester and plastisol. Such steel withstands heavy loads, repels dirt well and resists temperature extremes. Zinc titanium actually includes copper, so it can become patina over time. But there is a kind of material that is covered with a protective transparent film and is designed for any climatic conditions. When ordering unoxidized copper seam roofing, keep in mind that over time, the natural oxidation process will cause your roof to turn green. Modern technologies make it possible to postpone this moment and achieve uniform "greening", but one way or another, patina is inevitable. Will it match the color of your home? Think about the implications ahead of time. Copper is a material that demands respect. When installing it, workers should move around in rubber shoes so as not to leave scratches on the sheets.
"Pictures" are cut to fit the shape of your roof. Rolled metal, in contrast to the popular metal tile, bends softer around the domed sections of the roof, the tops of the turrets, and bay windows. At the edges, the picture sheet has a fold, which serves as an attachment to the adjacent sheet. The connection of the folds can be recumbent single and double, as well as standing angular, when two sheets are connected and bent at an angle of 90C, and double, when the edges are bent by 180C, forming a straight seam-comb. The latter option is safer, since it eliminates leaks. There are also self-latching connections. The folds on the sheets are made in production, and they are connected on site using a special device. To fasten the paintings to the base of the roof, clamps are used, which are movable and fixed. The former are used at a certain length of the sheet when it comes to the expansion of the metal - it is the movable part of the clamp that allows the metal to expand and contract without breaking. For the same purposes (so that the sheet can walk), the folded combs are not squeezed to the end, leaving a small gap. Fixed clamps are also needed, but they are installed in other places. Experts themselves determine where which fasteners are needed depending on the size and location of the sheets, however, even with professional assembly, the metal can form small waves. This is due to its expansion. Over time, the material will "settle" and the waves will become less noticeable.
A pie for standing seam roofing is not much different from a pie for metal tiles - all the same crate, the step of which depends on the angle of inclination. However, there are still some nuances. For example, zinc-titanium seam roofing requires good ventilation, otherwise it quickly decays. For ventilation, 2 methods are suitable: simple and expensive. When simple, a sparse wooden crate is made. But you can also make a continuous crate, and lay a special membrane on it. It is necessary to mount zinc-titanium at positive temperatures, otherwise it may break. Seamed roofs are good because they can be flat, but if the slope angle is less than 14C, then the lathing under the roof should be solid. Titanium-zinc roofing runs the risk of rusting in places if the wrong components are used - only materials made of galvanized steel or stainless steel are suitable for such sheets. And with copper, you can not use anything other than stainless steel or the same copper.
Expert opinion
There is a common misconception - seam roofing makes noise. In fact, if thermal insulation is present in the roofing cake, then the problem of sound insulation is also solved. In addition, the metal does not have a tile section, which makes it less noisy. It is better to entrust the installation of the roof to professionals who are familiar with the seam method of installation. "Jack of all trades" hardly know in which places mobile and in which fixed clamps are needed. They also did not hear about the linear expansion of the metal, therefore, during installation, they are unlikely to make an amendment to this, and such a mistake can lead to material rupture.
To give additional strength to metal sheets, longitudinal stiffeners are made on them. Such a roof can withstand additional snow load.
Errors when assembling picture sheets:
- Loose seams;
- Rupture of sheets due to their constriction;
- Grips on metal due to poor fit.
Seam roofing advantages:
- Absolute tightness (with proper installation);
- Possibility of airtight coating of complex roofing shapes;
- The best coverage is provided if the roof is almost flat (tilt angle up to 12C).
The construction of a private house is completed by roofing work. This stage is considered one of the most difficult and reliable. Moreover, the difficulties are associated not only with the roof structure itself, but also with the choice of coverage. This is quite difficult when you consider the huge variety of roofing materials that are on the market.
No matter how strong and durable the material is, the reliability of the finished roof covering will depend on the quality of the connection of the individual elements. Today, folded roofing is extremely popular, when laying it, a special type of fastening is used.
Seam roof, what is it
Seam roofing is a continuous covering, laid along the entire length of the slope. Its individual elements, seam panels or pictures, are interconnected by special elements - seams.
Seam panels are metal sheets, the side edges of which are specially prepared for this type of connection.
For the manufacture of metal seam roofing, you can use ready-made pictures (0.555x8 m) or roofing metal in rolls. In the latter case, special folding equipment is used, which is installed directly at the installation site. The produced picture panels can have folds of different shapes, single or double, and different lengths. In any case, they are rolled in one pass.
Metal for a seam roof can be of almost any type:
- copper;
- aluminum;
- steel;
- zinc and titanium alloys.
On a note
Galvanized seam roofing, as a rule, has a polymer layer of pural, polyester, plastisol and others.
All of them are durable and simple, do not corrode. These materials are lightweight, easily molded, and can take any shape, even the most bizarre.
Types of roof seaming
Metal sheets have a tendency to thermal expansion, which can create certain complications when joining. The penetration of water into the roofing cake can be prevented by placing a uniform waterproof layer on the battens under the seam roofing. However, it will be impossible to achieve a rigid connection due to the change in linear dimensions. In this case, a stress arises at the interface, which leads to possible significant deformations.
Experts believe that the only reliable option for a mechanical connection is the use of a special method - folding. By the way, the word "fold" is of German origin and means "groove" or "groove" in translation. It involves joining the edges of adjacent paintings, which are folded in a special way. In this case, grooves are formed along them, which serve to drain water.
Folded joints are classified according to two parameters:
- appearance: recumbent, standing or corner fold;
- the degree of compaction: 1. single fold, 2. double fold (photo below).
Folds are rolled mechanically by hand or using a special tool, or electromechanically using special devices.
The main types of standing folds
- Single. This is the simplest connection method, which is used when the seam roof is tilted from 10 °.
- Angular. A special L-shaped shape creates volume and provides the connection with a spectacular appearance, therefore it is used mainly on "prominent" surfaces with a large area: a facade, with a seam slope of more than 25 °, etc.
- Double. This connection is more complicated. It is performed in two steps: first, create a corner seam and fold it at a right angle. New-generation folded-rolling equipment allows to obtain a double folded seam on technically difficult-to-process roof segments. On small slopes, it is better to solder them. Transverse thermal expansion occurs mainly at the base of the fold, therefore, a gap of up to 5 mm must be provided there.
The double rebate protects the structure from the effects of precipitation, as well as melting snow, but it does not save it from standing water either. That is why, according to SNiP, a folded roof must have an angle of inclination of at least 10 °.
On a note
However, if a special sealing tape is inserted into the fold before crimping the fold, the minimum slope threshold can be 3 °.
- Today, they use another type of folds - self-locking. To connect them, you can limit yourself to a simple click.
Advantages and disadvantages
The seam roof, like any other, has its own advantages:
- the plane of the roof covering, assembled from paintings on double folds, is a solid sheet with a smooth surface, from which water from precipitation and snow can freely come down;
- low weight, which allows not to strengthen the supporting structure and thus reduce costs;
- such a roof can be used for a long time - more than 50 years, given the high anti-corrosion resistance of the coating;
- high moisture resistance, which is explained by the reliability of the folded lock and the minimum number of holes for fastening. This level of tightness excludes possible leaks;
- simple installation for a roof of any complexity, which you can handle with your own hands if you have a self-latching lock;
- waste when working with the material is minimal. For example, unused scraps of such an expensive material formed during the installation of a seam roof can be rearranged to other areas. Moreover, unlike, say, such a coating does not require components. Thus, it is significantly more economical;
- suitable for stingrays of any length, both short and long.
Seamed roofs also have disadvantages. Among the most important, we note:
- laying an additional layer of soundproofing, which will extinguish noise from rain drops, etc .;
- mandatory installation of a lightning rod to minimize the risk of static electricity, which accumulates in the roof covering;
- the need for high-quality and expensive tools.
Installation instructions
How does the installation of seam panels take place, how to correctly connect them to ensure the durability and strength of the roof covering? The technological map for the device of a metal roof involves the sequential implementation of several stages:
- They make sheets that are specially prepared for folding. This process is carried out in a production environment to order according to individual sizes. This allows for maximum accuracy when constructing a seam roof. In parallel with the panels, shaped elements are also ordered, for example, overhangs or skates and more.
- Attach metal sheets using a special tool or by pressing for self-locking folds.
- Attach them to the crate. Use for this narrow strips of the same material as sheets - "clamps". One end of the fastener is folded into a fold during bending, the other is fixed to the lathing element.
Two different types of clamps are used for fastening:
- tough... The picture fixed on them remains motionless relative to the base. They are used on any slope, while the location of the rigid clamps depends on the angle of inclination of the roof;
- floating... They are used mainly for slopes over 10 m in length. Metal sheets expand and contract with temperature fluctuations, and a rigid clamp can cause significant deformation. As for the floating one, the free travel reserve of this fastener is sufficient to avoid such complications.
CLASSICA and ELEGANT are attached directly to the batten with self-tapping screws through a fold-out that is hidden during installation; the panels are fastened to each other with a self-locking rebate. The presence of ribs increases the rigidity of the panel during installation and transportation and reduces the noise level from external influences during the operation of the roof.
The PRAGMATIC is fixed to the battens with the "PRAGMATIC" clamps (fig. 14), the panels are fixed to each other with a self-locking rebate. Roof panels with an L-shaped rebate are attached to the batten using "STANDART" clamps (fig. 15); they are connected to each other with a double standing seam using a hand or power tool.
Seam panels are manufactured at the INSI Facade and Roof Factory according to the previously declared lengths, which are determined as a result of careful measurements of the roof slopes (basic size: from cornice to ridge).
2. Accessories
3. Sheathing for standing seam roofing
Installation of seam roofing is carried out on a sparse or continuous sheathing. To prevent the steel sheets from sagging, it is very important to observe the required design pitch of the lathing during installation. As a lathing can be used: galvanized metal profile PSh-28 manufactured by JSC "INSI", wooden beam 50x50, board 32x100, which are attached from the bottom up (from the cornice to the ridge). The durability of the roof largely depends on the correct structure of the lathing, because even a slight deflection of the sheets weakens the density of its folds.
For self-locking rebate rebates, it is recommended to use a metal frame. If wooden boards or bars are used as a lathing, it is necessary to follow the instructions of clause 7.3 of SP 17.133330.2011. ROOFING.
When using a metal lathing and a discharged wooden lathing, it is recommended to install an anti-condensation film before installing it on the rafters. In the case of using solid wooden battens or other solid substrates (floorings), it is recommended to lay a special structural vapor diffusion film directly on the flooring. This film allows you to provide:
- arrangement of a permanent ventilation duct to remove condensed moisture that forms on the inside of the metal roof;
- prevention of metal corrosion and wood decay;
- reduction of noise from rain and hail.
In the places of installation of cornices, valleys, abutments to the protruding parts of the building, a second sheathing profile is installed, which gives additional rigidity to the panels. In the area of the valleys, the pitch of the lathing profiles is not more than 200mm. In the area where the snow guards are to be installed, two hat profiles must be installed one after the other.
For Standart standing seam panels with roof slopes of 3-20 °, it is recommended to use a wooden sheathing. Along the cornice, along the entire perimeter, it should be made in the form of a continuous boardwalk with a width of at least 700 mm. In gutters and valleys, the lathing should be made in the form of a continuous plank flooring up to 700 mm wide on each slope. It is also recommended to use solid lathing for complex roof configurations. In the area of the transverse joint of the seam panels, a board with a width of at least 120 mm must be laid. A panel joint is formed on it using a recumbent fold.
The lathing under the roof must be flat, without protrusions and recesses; the ridge and ribs must be straight; the bottom board of the eaves should be straight. The wooden lathing is made from pine, spruce, fir and aspen. The moisture content of the wood should not be higher than 12%. To protect the wood of the roof lathing from decay and extend its service life, the wood is impregnated with antiseptics, coated or painted. The service life of the wood increases and if it is covered with drying oil in a dry state. Requirements for wooden lathing and its installation are listed in SP 17.133330.2011. Lay a special structural vapor diffusion film over the crate.
In the construction of an insulated roof, in order to ensure ventilation under the roofing space, it is necessary to use a counter-lattice, under which a hydro-windproof membrane is attached, and only then the lathing.
4. Installation of roofing from STANDART panels
Variants of joining panels along the length, installation of cornices, ridge, finishing of chimneys, ventilation of shafts for roofs made of Standart folded panels at various slopes are recommended to be adopted in accordance with SP 17.133330.2011. With a minimum slope of 3 ° -10 °, it is necessary to use the seam roofing with Abris S-LB sealing tape. The maximum length of the slope, when fastening the seam roof with fixed clamps, should be no more than 6 meters. For longer lengths it is necessary to use "sliding" clamps. The location of the "sliding" and fixed clamps along the length of the panel should be taken in accordance with SP 17.133330. 2011, Appendix C.
If an organized drainage device is provided from the roof, then before installing the roofing it is necessary to fix the gutter holders. They are fastened in increments of no more than 750 mm to the rafters or the bottom batten of the batten (see installation of the drainage system).
Then a cornice is attached along the lower edge of the ramp. Fastening with self-drilling, galvanized flat head screws (fig. 16)
5.2 Installation of the folded roof valley
At the next stage, the elements of the valleys are installed. During installation, only the lower valley is used. Fastening is carried out with self-drilling, galvanized flat head screws, along the edge of the valley, closer to the bends. The joint of the valleys is carried out with an overlap of at least 200 mm, the upper elements must be wound onto the lower elements. The edge of the valley folded roof is brought out to the cornice (Fig. 17). Fig. 18 shows a variant of fixing panels to a valley. At a distance of 100 mm from the inner fold of the valley, a seam roofing sealant is applied. Seamed sheets are laid on it and attracted to the valley by roofing self-tapping screws painted in the color of the roof.
Before starting the installation of seam panels with your own hands, it is necessary to perform a control measurement of the slopes with the establishment of flatness and perpendicularity in relation to the lines of the ridge and cornices. The diagonals of rectangular slopes must be equal. The seam roof can be laid both from left to right and from right to left, strictly observing the direction: with the lower lock in the direction of subsequent installation. Therefore, when lifting the panels, it is necessary to unfold them taking into account the direction of installation. Self-tapping screws 4.8x22 with a press washer are used for the installation of seam panels, and 4.8x20 (for metal lathing of a seam roof) or 4.8x35 mm (for wooden lathing) with a sealing gasket for accessories and in places where the panels overlap. Fastening of sheets is carried out in each lathing line. Each subsequent panel is aligned with the slope, superimposed on the previous one, snaps into place and then attached to the crate. Along the cornice and ridge, fasten the folded edge of the panel with 4.8x20 self-tapping screws (4.8x35 for wooden lathing) painted with a sealing gasket, two self-tapping screws per fastening. (fig. 19).
When arranging longitudinal joints, the sheets are mounted from the bottom up. With a slope length of more than 6 m, it is recommended to make it composite due to the inconvenience of transportation and installation of sheets. Standing seam roofing sheets are laid with an overlap along the length of 200 mm. Adjacent joints must be at least 400 mm apart. Thus, the roof plane with a long slope usually consists of two standard sizes of panels "a" and "b". In this case, the length of panels 1 and 2 differs by the size of the spacing of the joints (Fig. 20).
When installing a composite slope, the operations are performed in the following sequence (Fig. 21):
1) cut the lower part of the "lock" from the outside on panel 1 (fig. 22); 2) fix panel 1 with self-tapping screws to the crate; 3) put panel 2 on panel 1 with an overlap of at least 200 mm and fix it with self-tapping screws to the crate; 4) cut the lower part of the "lock" of panel 3 (similar to item 1); 5) perform the lock connection of panel 3 with panels 1 and 2; 6) fix the panel 3 with self-tapping screws to the crate; 7) panel 4 is superimposed on panel 3 with an overlap of 200 mm and is connected in a "lock" with panels 2 and 3; 8) fix the panel with 4 self-tapping screws to the crate. Then repeat operations from 1 to 8 points.
5.4 Pediment
Pediment-45 is fastened in such a way as to cover the upper fold. The pediment is fastened to the lower fold (Fig. 23). If the sheet was cut, it is necessary to bend the edge of this sheet upwards by 20-25 mm (Fig. 23). The gable is fastened with self-tapping screws with a sealing gasket.
5.5 Skate
The ridge is installed on the upper edge of the slopes on the finished roof deck. The upper part of the seam pictures is folded up by 25 mm. The ridge can be shaped (semicircular) or flat. When installing a cold roof with a slope of 25 ° or more, the ridge is fastened with roofing screws into the upper edge of the seam lock (Fig. 24).
5.6 Wall profile
In the places where the roof adjoins the wall, pipes and skylights, a wall profile is installed. The profile is applied to the seam panels (at the panels, along the edge of the abutment to the wall, bending upwards by 25 mm is performed) and fixed to the wall (Fig. 25).
Brick rectangular pipes protruding from the roof are framed by a wall profile according to Fig. 27-32. The number of profiles is equal to the perimeter of the opening in the roof plane plus 2 meters.
step 1 - Installing the lower pipe apron (fig. 26)
First, you need to prepare the junction of the lower apron to the side surfaces of the pipe. To do this, using the elements of the apron as a template, cut lines are marked on the pipe. Then, with the help of an angle-cutting machine ("grinder"), a groove is made in the brick walls of the pipe. Having cleared the gate and the surface of the lathing from brick dust, they begin to install the elements of the lower apron, having previously trimmed each element and bending along the slope of the roof. When installing the apron, the bent upper edge is inserted into the groove, the vertical wall is tightly pressed against the pipe surface, and in this position the element is fixed with roofing screws with a sealing gasket to the crate. First, the element is mounted to the lower edge of the pipe, then two side ones and at the end - the element to the upper edge. The overlap of the upper elements on the lower ones must be at least 150 mm. After fixing all the elements to the crate, the edge of the apron inserted into the groove is coated with silicone sealant. Attention! For better adhesion, the strobe must be rinsed with water.
step 2 - Installation of the bottom sheet from the pipe to the eaves (fig. 26)
At this stage, a flat (galvanized or painted) sheet is installed. The length of the sheet should correspond to the distance from the lower edge of the pipe to the cornice or the nearest valley, the width should not be less than the width of the lower element of the apron (taking into account the lateral folds). Bring one edge of the sheet under the lower element of the apron, and bring the other out from above, onto the cornice or valley. After fixing the flat sheet to the crate from its sides, make folds using a hand tool.
Step 3 - Laying the seam panels (fig. 27)
Lay the seam panels from the bottom and from the sides of the pipe; first, at the junction points, bend upwards by 25 mm.
Step 4 - Installing the wall profile along the bottom of the pipe (Fig. 28)
Install the wall profile to the lower edge of the pipe, preliminarily adjusting it to the width of the pipe, according to the figure. Cut the protruding vertical parts from below and bend to the side edges of the pipe. The profile is attached to the pipe using dowels with a mandatory sealant treatment.
Step 5 - Installing a seam roof on the side faces of the pipe (Fig. 29)
Step 6 - Installation on the top face of the pipe (fig. 301)
Install the wall-mounted special profile on the upper edge of the pipe. Cut the protruding vertical parts from below and bend them onto the lateral edges of the pipe, securing them with dowels.
step 7 - Installing the seam panel on top of the pipe (fig. 31)
Place the top rebate panel over the wall profiles and side rebate panels. Leave a gap of at least 100 mm between the bottom edge of the panel and the pipe. Seal the bottom edge of the standing seam (50 mm) with seam roofing sealant.
If you plan to sheathe the pipe with a profiled sheet, then after framing the pipe, a frame from a hat profile is mounted, a profiled sheet is attached to it, the corners are formed with an outer corner 50x50 (Fig. 33)
The chimney is attached to the pipe with dowel-nails before the installation of the profiled sheet.
The number of downspouts is determined from the standard - no more than 52 square meters for a pipe with a diameter of 100 mm of roof area per one downpipe. Usually the number of downpipes is chosen for aesthetic reasons. Avoid installing a drainage system on the northern side of buildings in order to prevent it from freezing in winter.
If there is a threat of freezing of the drainage system, you can use heating systems for gutters and pipes.
The gutter holders are mounted at a distance of 0.75 m from each other, the pipe holders are not further than 3 m from each other (for example, 3 holders are required for a 5 m long pipe, two are sufficient for a 3 m long pipe).
With a catchment area of less than 30 sq. M per one downpipe, the gutters can be installed with a zero slope; with a larger catchment area, the slope of the gutters can be up to 5%.
step 1 - Installing the gutter holders
The installation of the drainage system begins with the installation of the gutter holders. Divide the total length of the gutter into equal segments, as noted earlier (but not more than 900 mm).
Step 2 - Marking for the gutter holders
According to the obtained result, mark on the bottom lathing the place of installation of the gutter holders.
step 3 - bending the gutter holders
Number the holders from the top mark to the roof outlet. Having determined the required slope for yourself (up to 5%), mark the place of the bend on each holder. In this case, the bend of the holder should be below the design position by 2.0 - 2.5 cm relative to the roof slope line (Fig. 36).
Step 4 - Fastening the gutter holders
Aligning the bend with the edge of the batten, attach the gutter holders with self-drilling 4,8x22 flat-head zinc-plated screws, 3 pcs. on the mount. When using 50x50 bars as lathing, a double bar must be installed to securely attach the holders.
Step 5 - Create a slope
Fit the two wall profiles to the dimensions of the side faces of the pipe. Installing profiles - by analogy with installing the lower profile. Fasten the wall profile to the seam panels with a sealant using roofing screws with a sealing gasket.
Step 6 - Fitting the nozzle
In the groove, at a distance of 150 mm from the bottom edge, cut a hole with a diameter of 100 mm for the branch pipe. Insert the branch pipe in the place of the hole (Fig. 38) Insert the front edge of the branch pipe under the outer bend of the gutter. Bend the flange of the branch pipe to the trailing edge of the gutter and fix it with two self-tapping screws 4.2x16 (Fig. 38).
step 7 - Installing gutter plugs
Install the gutter plugs at the ends (Fig. 39).
step 8 - Installing the gutter
Insert the groove into the holders, inserting the rear edge of the groove into the projection of the holder (fig. 39).
Step 9 - Joining the gutters
Install a gutter connector at the junction of the gutters (Fig. 40 and 41).
Step 10 - Installing the angled bend
Use the corner elbow to create a transition to the wall of the building. The length of the connecting pipe is determined locally (fig. 42).
Step 11 - Installing the pipe
The pipe is fixed to the wall using pipe holders. The pipe is measured, if necessary, it is built up in the place of installation of the pipe holder, fixed with a lock (Fig. 43).
Step 12 - Installing the drain elbow
The drain elbow completes the downpipe and serves to drain water from the foundation of the building; should be located at a distance of 300 mm from the blind area of the building (Fig. 44).
7. Snow holder and standing seam roofing
For safe movement along the roof at the level of the eaves, starting from the second line of the lathing, roof fences are installed.
The fence is made depending on the slope of the roof and its type. Fastening of the seam roof railing is carried out to the lathing profile through the rebated panel and a sealing rubber gasket in the place of wave deflection with self-drilling galvanized bolts 5.5x25 mm for metal lathing and 5.5x60 mm for wooden lathing. It is forbidden to fasten the roof railing to one folded picture. The sections of the fence are fastened to each other with bolted connections (Fig. 45).
To prevent large masses of snow from melting, snow holders are installed. The structure of the snow guard consists of brackets and pipes. The brackets are installed in the deflection of the wave and are attached through the metal tile and rubber gasket to the roof batten. In the places of installation for fastening the bracket, an additional lathing profile is pre-mounted at a distance of 120 mm. Snow guards are installed above the roof railing. In the absence of a roofing fence, the snow holders are installed not lower than the third row of the crate. If the length of the slope is more than 10 meters, it is recommended to install two rows of snow guards. In areas with a large amount of snowfall, it is envisaged to install a bracket rod. The rod of the snow retainer is attached at one end to the bracket with the other to the batten profile through a sealing gasket and a sheet of metal tile. Recommendations for the selection of the number of brackets, the brand of the fastening element, depending on the design of the standing seam roof and the snow construction area, can be obtained from the program by setting all the necessary parameters. It is prohibited to fasten the snow retaining bracket to one sheet.
8. Accessories
Weather vane, decorative spiers, chimneys are installed as accessories on the roof. Installation of all accessories is carried out in accordance with the norms of SNiP.
For the device of exits from the roof of antennas, masts and ventilation pipes with a circular cross-section with a diameter of up to 330 mm (with an outer surface temperature of up to 130) °, Master Flash roof seals are used.
9. Processing of wooden structures
Wooden structures used for seam roofing require antiseptic and fire retardant (fire-prevention) treatment. Processing can be carried out both before the assembly of structures (processing of individual boards and bars), and after (processing of rafters and battens). Processing is carried out by various methods (immersion in a container with a solution, application with a brush, spray application).
10. Tools for mounting seam roofing
- Screwdriver with hexagonal bit 8 mm.
- Electric nibbler or nibbler.
- Manual roof shears.
- Mallets (wooden, rubber).
- Hacksaw, jigsaw, hammer (used when constructing rafters and lathing).
- Angle grinder ("grinder"), perforator, drill, gun for pressing out the sealant (used when installing the wall profile).
- Level, level, plumb line, measuring instruments and fixtures.
11. Attention
Cutting rebated panels and accessories with cutting and angle grinders ("grinders") is allowed only if the untreated areas are protected from flying out sawdust and subsequent anti-corrosion painting of the cut points.
The use of polyurethane foam as ridge or valley seals is strictly prohibited!
All products manufactured by the INSI facade and roofing plant are designed for use on pitched roofs in accordance with these installation instructions. The INSI plant is not responsible for losses or losses that may arise when using INSI products to perform functions unusual for them.
A distinctive roofing material among the traditional ones can be called seam roofing. This metal coating is quite durable and reliable, and does not look like metal tiles, slate or roofing felt. Its appearance attracts attention. But reliability and appearance are not the only things that make this type of roof popular. We will talk about the merits of the roof later. But the seam roof received its name due to the seam, which fasten the sheets of metal to each other. Such a connection is strong, reliable and sealed.
Let's find out how a seam roof works, how it differs from others and how to install it. In addition, we will find out how to repair a seam roof.
Pros and cons of seamed roof
Seam roofing is a covering made of sheets of metal that are joined with a seam seam. For the first time on the territory of Russia they heard about it more than 100 years ago. She quickly gained popularity. A machine for seam roofing was created, which made a seam on the sheets.
And the most accessible method became when they invented a tool for seam roofing, which was used to roll the seam. After all, before everything was done by hand. What are the advantages of such a roof?
- Durability and strength of the coating.
- Price-quality ratio.
- Low weight.
- Economical material consumption.
- A huge amount of colors.
- Due to the smooth surface on the roof, there is no accumulation of snow and rain.
- The coating is airtight, without seams on the outside. Water will not get under the roof in any way.
But along with the advantages, there are also disadvantages:
- Since it is metal, it is noisy. In order not to hear the sound of rain on the roof, a little insulation is required.
- Difficult installation and the need to have a special tool.
- A lightning conductor device is mandatory, since the roof accumulates an electric charge.
Basically, a folded roof is appreciated not for its beauty, but for its reliability and tightness. Since there are no seams on the outside of the cover. Sheets, or as they are also called, paintings, are attached to the crate with clamps, and the seams are rolled up with a frame. Depending on the seam, there are several types of seam roofing.
Coating types
Recessed roofing is performed in 4 different ways:
- Single recumbent.
- Single upright.
- Double recumbent.
- Double standing.
The last one is considered the most reliable and durable. The thing is that the seam is then the most protected, and the roof will be practically monolithic. She is not afraid of external influences. For complex structures, two types of seams are used. For transverse seams (horizontal) - recumbent, and for longitudinal (vertical) seams - standing.
In addition, the material from which the paintings are made can be different:
If you have already decided what material you will be making your roof from, let's look at how the seam roof is installed.
We make a folded roof
Roofing instructions are not too complicated. Most of the preparatory work is difficult. You need to take care of all the necessary tools and materials in advance. Paintings can be bought ready-made, or you can bend them on a machine. It is better if the picture is the same size as the roof slope, then the installation will be easier. In addition, you will need clamps for fastening, and a frame for seaming the seam. If schematically and step by step, then you can make a roof like this:
Note! Do not forget to make holes for the chimney or ventilation pipe in advance, protecting them with an elastic bushing.
To understand how to do the work, we suggest that you additionally watch the video:
Self-locking seam roof
The task of constructing a folded roof for teapots was simplified when a self-locking sheet was made. Indeed, this method is convenient, reliable and simple. Even a beginner can get it right. The thing is that the formation of a seam seam does not require special skills and tools. Their structure is pretty simple.
How is the installation carried out? Everything here is similar to the technology that we considered. Sheets are stacked on the crate.
Advice! The most important thing is to set the first sheet correctly.
Then it is fixed with clamps and another sheet is connected to it. And this is where the self-latching mechanism comes into play. The sheets simply adhere to each other without much technique. Convenient locks are seized and a seam is formed. The work is not difficult and is completed much faster than the traditional option.
The delivery set includes the following items:
- self-latching roofing pictures;
- lower and internal valleys;
- side gables from rain;
- profiles and aprons;
- clamps and screws.
If you doubt whether you can make a traditional fold, you can always resort to new technologies that will make your job easier.
Seam roof repair
It is clear that no matter what type of roof you make, it will have to be repaired during operation. If, when working with a folded roof, you adhered to the technology, followed all the rules and chose high-quality materials, then you will not have to repair the folded roof soon. When, nevertheless, a certain area was damaged, it is necessary to replace the paintings.
In the case where the roof is made of zinc or aluminum, a regular patch can be used. Tinning and soldering zinc is not a problem. If it is aluminum, then the patch should be 7-8 cm wider than the area. It is fixed with self-tapping screws. To seal, the joints must be greased with roofing glue twice with drying.
In most cases, repairs have to be done due to leaks. They appear after many years of use. The reasons are as follows:
- mechanical damage or corrosion on the sheet;
- sagging of the picture due to the large sheathing step;
- loss of seam tightness;
- changing the geometry of the room.
To identify the cause, you need to examine the attic. When you find out what is leaking at the joints, you need to additionally roll the seams, and then treat them with a sealant. If there is a leak near the chimney or in places with an apron, you need to dismantle everything and put it again. In this case, you need to use a high-quality sealant. The repair will cost a pretty penny, in which the rafter system is rotten. Replacing it is almost impossible, so you have to dismantle the roof and do it again. To avoid this, you need to immediately eliminate any leaks and additionally treat the tree with an antiseptic.
Let's summarize
Thus, you have learned how you can make a good and reliable rebated roof. She is able to serve you for many years. If you did everything correctly, then your seam roof will be as in the photo below.
By following all the tips, you should be able to get the job done.