If on an Excel sheet you work not only with numbers, graphs, pictures, but also with dates, then you have probably encountered a situation where you needed to calculate the difference between them. For example, you need to determine the number of days or months for a certain period of time, or calculate the age of a person so that the result is in days, months and years, or maybe you need to calculate exactly working days.
There is already an article about calculating the difference in Excel on the site, and in it I touched on dates a little. But for now let's look this question in more detail and figure out how to calculate the number of days between two dates in a simple way or using the RAZNDAT() function, and how to determine the number of working days.
Method 1: Subtraction
Let's start with the simplest thing - subtract the second from one date, and get the value we need. Before doing this, make sure that the format of the cells in which the numbers are written is “Date”.
If you haven’t filled them in yet, then select the range you want to work with and click on the small arrow next to the name of the “Number” group.
In the window that opens on the left, select the format that suits us, and then in the main area, decide on the type: 03/14/12, 14 Mar 12 or another. Click "OK".
In those cells for which you just changed the format, enter data. I filled out A1 and B1. Now you need to select any cell (D1) in which the general data format is set, otherwise the calculations will be incorrect. Put “=” in it and press first the late (B1) date, then the early (A1). To calculate the number of days between them, press “Enter”.
Method 2: Using a function
To do this, select the cell in which the result will be (B3), and make sure that the general format is selected for it.
To calculate days we will use the AZNDAT() function. It includes three arguments: start and end date, unit. Unit is what we want to get the result in. Substituted here:
“d” – number of days;
“m” – number of full months;
“y” – number of full years;
“md” – will count days without taking into account months and years;
“yd” – counting days without taking into account only years;
“ym” – will count the months without taking into account the year.
We put an equal sign in B3, write RAZNDAT and open the bracket. Then select early date(A1), then the later one (B1), put a suitable unit in quotes and close the bracket. Place ";" between all arguments. . To calculate, press "Enter".
I came up with this formula:
RAZNDAT(A1;B1;"d")
Choosing “d” as the unit, I got the result - 111.
If you change given value, for example, on “md”, then the formula will calculate the difference between 5 and 24 without taking into account months and years.
By changing this argument in this way, it will be possible to derive the exact age of the person. In one cell there will be years “y”, the second month “ym”, the third day “md”
Method 3: counting working days
For example, let's take this sign. In column A we have the beginning of the month or the starting date of the countdown, in B we have the end of the month or countdown. This function counts working days without taking into account Saturday and Sunday, but there are also holidays in the months, so we will fill column C with the corresponding dates.
NETWORKDAYS(A5;B5;C5)
As arguments we indicate the start date (A5), then the end date (B5). The last argument is holidays (C5). We separate them with ";" .
By pressing “Enter” the result will appear, in the example cell D5 – 21 days.
Now consider if there are several holidays in a month. For example, in January New Year and Christmas. Select cell (D6) and put equal in it. Then click on the letter “f” in the formula bar. A window will open "Insert a function". In the Category field, select "Complete alphabetical list" and find the function you need in the list. Click "OK".
Next you need to select the function arguments. In “Start_date” select initial value(A6), in “Con_data” – final (B6). IN last field enter the dates of holidays in brackets () and quotation marks "" . Then click "OK".
As a result, we will get the following function and the value will be calculated without taking into account weekends and specified holidays:
NETWORKDAYS(A6;B6;("01/01/17";"01/07/17"))
To avoid entering holidays manually, you can specify a specific range in the corresponding field. Mine is C6:C7.
The working days will be counted, and the function will look like:
NETWORKDAYS(A6;B6;C6:C7)
Now let's do the calculations for last month. Enter the function and fill in its arguments:
NETWORKDAYS(A8;B8;C8)
In February there were 19 working days.
I wrote a separate article about other date and time functions in Excel, and you can read it by following the link.
The date calculator is designed to calculate the number of days between dates, as well as to find a date by adding or subtracting a certain number of days to a known date.
Add days to date
In order to find out what date will be in a certain number of days, use this option. Enter the starting date and the number of days to add to it. To subtract, use a minus value. The calculator also has an option to add only working days.
Calculating the number of days between dates
This calculation method will answer the question "how many days have passed since the date". Enter the start date and end date and click the "calculate" button. The calculator will show how many days there are between the entered dates. Separately, the calculator will show the number of working days.
Using this option, you can calculate how many days are left until a certain event, for example, a birthday or holiday. To do this, enter today's date in the start date field, and the event date in the end date field.
Holidays
The calculator can calculate, add and subtract as calendar days, and workers. Official non-working days holidays are:
- January 1,2,3,4,5,6,8 - New Year holidays
- Jan. 7 - Orthodox Christmas
- February 23 - Defender of the Fatherland Day
- March 8 - International Women's Day
- May 1 - Spring and Labor Day
- May 9 - Victory Day
- June 12 - Russia Day
- November 4 - National Unity Day
If a holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, it is moved to the next working day. But sometimes the weekend is moved to a completely different place on the calendar. For example, Saturday and Sunday falling on new year holidays, may be postponed to May to extend the May holidays.
So, in 2019 the situation is as follows...
Postponement of holidays in 2019
In addition to the official holiday dates, in 2019 the weekends are also May 2, 3 and 10 due to the postponement of the weekend from the New Year holidays.
When calculating days, our calculator takes into account both official holiday dates and all transfers.
Timing calculations are constantly encountered in Everyday life: from calculating days to significant date before calculating vacation time or the payment period for a bank loan. A collection of online calculators will help you easily operate such a complex parameter as time.
Time
Time management is not the name of a magic spell from computer game, but quite real ability, which has gained enormous popularity among businessmen and investors. Time management or is a technique for calculating time periods to effectively complete a certain amount of work. Thanks to competent and rest periods, people who use money management techniques manage to do much more than those who do not keep track of time and suffer from.
Naturally, time management is the science of more than just time distribution. The most important skills that allow you to competently organize work include:
- and manage resources;
- prioritize and;
- allocate time and analyze results.
Delegation is the transfer of work to subordinates or colleagues. Many ineffective managers believe that no one can do better than themselves. Naturally, overwhelmed with a bunch of unimportant work, they do not have time to complete priority tasks, as a result of which they become ineffective.
Search for priorities - no less important thing. states that 80% of the result comes from 20% of the effort. In practice, this means that it is important to complete only those tasks on time on which 80% of success depends. As a rule, there are few such tasks, not strictly 20% as the Pareto principle promises, but usually in the range from 20 to 40%. It is the ability to separate the wheat from the chaff that creates productive leaders and businessmen.
The most famous, effective and at the same time simplest technique is considered to be “Pomodoro”. This is a time management technique, according to which work is performed at strictly designated intervals (usually 20 minutes), each of which is accompanied by a five-minute rest. The Pomodoro technique got its name because its creator measured periods of time using a kitchen timer in the shape of a tomato. Since then, modernized versions of time management have formed the basis for the success of prominent business representatives.
Timing
You can use the principles of money management not only when solving daily problems, but also when planning large projects that take weeks or months to complete. First of all, you should find out by what deadline the project must be completed or how much time is allocated for it. Let's take a closer look.
Number of days between two dates
This tool allows you to determine the number of days between two dates. For example, on October 20, 2017, you were assigned a project that must be completed by January 18, 2018. Going to the calendar and counting the time is not very convenient and it’s easier to use a calculator: just select the type of program and enter both dates. In the answer we see that you have 2 months and 29 days to complete the plan. Not very informative when planning. The program also expresses this time in days, weeks or months. Let's see. You have exactly 90 days or 12 working weeks. With this you can already build effective system time management and avoid deadlines.
What date will be in n days
Another handy tool for efficient work. A large project at work may be assigned with the note “to be completed within 50 days after acceptance of the order.” This a large number of time, but again running to the calendar and calculating it is not very convenient. We use a calculator. Let's say the order was accepted for work on April 28, 2017. By what day does it need to be delivered to the customer? Let's change the calculator type and calculate the deadline date. It will be June 17, 2017, Saturday. Having at hand total days and date x, you can easily distribute forces to complete the work on time.
What date was n days ago
This calculator will not be useful to you at work, but it will certainly come to the rescue in your personal life. Imagine that you received an SMS message in which your crush congratulates you on your 100th day of marriage. This important date, which you shouldn’t forget, so it’s better to use the program and get to know it. You received an SMS on July 4, 2017, now it’s easy to find out when you moved in with your crush. So, select the type of calculator, enter the date and the anniversary 100 days. Yours memorable date– March 26, 2017, Sunday. It's worth circling this date on your calendar.
Temporary quantities
This calculator allows you to convert one time value into another. Using the program, you can express minutes into days, weeks into years, or centuries into millennia. In practice, this can be useful when calculating working hours for freelancers and freelance artists. For example, you have 28 working days to complete your next order. This is 672 hours. Subtract the time for sleep 28 × 8 = 224, the time for breaks and rest 28 × 4 = 112 and we get that you have 336 hours for effective work. You can already work with this and use time management techniques for productive work.
Amount/time difference
This program gives you the ability to add hours or days and calculate the total time in months, weeks, days, minutes, seconds and even milliseconds. This is a fun calculator that can be used in practice to calculate the time required to complete several types of work or to calculate the free time remaining after completing a task.