Turnover is often used in everyday speech to express planned action, that is, when we re going do something. This turnover is one of the English language.
Forms of to be going to in the present tense
Any one can come after the turn (verb in initial form). Here are the patterns of turnover in the present tense with different infinitives
Note: the translation of sentences with going to always depends heavily on the context. In the examples below, going to is translated in different ways, such as “getting ready” or in the future tense.
Going to in the affirmative form
In the affirmative form, a sentence with to be going to is constructed according to the following scheme:
Note: this part “to be going to + infinitive” forms the predicate.
- I am going to swim. - I'm going to go swimming.
- You are going to be fine. - You'll be fine.
- He (she, it) is going to come back. - He will return.
- We are going to work. - We're going to work.
- You are going to get rich. - You will get rich.
- They are going to regret it. - They will regret this.
Going to in negative form
IN negative form particle is added not before “going”:
- I am not going to do that. - I'm not going to do that.
- You are not going to sleep tonight. - You won't sleep today.
- He (she, it) is not going to be welcome here. “He won’t be welcome here.”
- We are not going to leave. - We're not going to leave.
- You are not going to like it. -You won't like this.
- They are not going to find us. - They won't find us.
Going to in interrogative form
In the interrogative form, the verb to be is placed before the subject.
- Am I going to stay here? – Will I stay here?
- Are you going to help me? - Will you help me?
- Is he (she, it) going to be here? - Will he be here?
- Are we going to join them? - Shall we join them?
- Are you going to win? – Are you going to win?
- Are they going to wait? - Will they wait?
Using to be going to in the present tense: rules and example sentences
In short, it is mainly used to indicate an action planned for the near future:
I am going to drink coffee with Mary. - I'm going to have coffee with Mary.
They are going to get married. - They will (soon) get married.
Or an action that is about to happen:
It 's going to rain. - (It’s about to) rain.
Look! He is going to fall! - Look! He's about to fall!
But if you look in more detail, some nuances will emerge.
So, the phrase to be going to is used in two cases:
1. When an action is planned for the future even before the moment of speech
The action is planned for the future, and the plan arose before the moment of speech. In other words, I have already made a decision and am reporting it. For example, I firmly decided that tomorrow I will quit my job:
I 'm going to quit my job tomorrow. - I'm going to quit my job tomorrow.
Ron and Jane agreed to play tennis in the evening. Jane tells her friend about this:
We are going to play tennis tonight. – We are going to play tennis in the evening.
Lucy has decided to buy new shoes next week:
I 'm going to buy new shoes next week. — I'm going to buy new shoes next week.
If the decision is made not in advance, but at the moment of speech, use the verb will. Compare two examples:
Example 1:
– Yes, I know. I 'm going to go and buy some later. – Yes, I know, I’ll go buy (I’m going to go buy) later.
Here we use turnover because the action (buying coffee) was planned in advance.
Example 2:
– We are out of coffee. - We've run out of coffee.
– Really? I will go and buy some. - Is it true? I'll go buy some.
An auxiliary verb is used will, because the decision is made at the moment of speech.
2. When certain signs indicate that an action will definitely happen
The speaker seems to predict an event, based on certain obvious signs or his own experience, and reports: something is about to happen.
A “prediction” may refer to a fairly distant time, for example:
It's so cold! I think it is going to snow. - So cold! I think it will snow.
This means that it will snow not in a second or two, but soon - in the indefinite near future. Maybe tomorrow, or maybe in a week. The fact that snow will certainly happen is indicated by a sign (cold).
I have broken my sister’s vase. She is going to kill me! – I broke my sister’s vase. She'll kill me!
The sister will kill our hero in the near future as soon as she notices the broken vase. The fact that this will happen is indicated by the speaker’s experience (he knows his sister’s character very well).
Often a “prediction” refers to the near future when something exactly will happen:
Look at the dog. It 's going to bite you. - Look at the dog. She's going to bite you now.
Get back! The bomb is going to explode. - Back! The bomb is about to explode!
For “predictions” the future tense with a verb can also be used will, but in this case it is usually an opinion that is not supported by obvious evidence or experience.
I think the cop will spot us. “I think the cop will notice us.”
This opinion is not supported by anything. And here it is supported:
The cop has got a flashlight! He is going to spot us. - The cop has a flashlight! He'll notice us.
To be going to in the past tense
In the past tense, sentences with are constructed in the same way as in the present, but the verb to be takes the form of the past tense - was (singular) or were(plural).
I was going to call you. - I was going to call you.
We were going to buy a new TV. – We were going to buy a new TV.
When a phrase is used in the past tense, it usually means that the speaker wanted, planned, was going to do something, but in the end did not do it.
Example sentences:
I was going to call you but I lost your phone number. “I was going to call you, but I lost your phone number.”
It was going to rain but suddenly the sun appeared. – It was going to rain, but suddenly the sun appeared.
We were going to buy a new TV but then we changed our minds. – We were going to buy a new TV, but then we changed our minds.
- To be going to (expression of plans for the future) in English
- Rules for the formation and use of the structure
- Example sentences with to be going to
Design "to be going to" used in the following cases:
Case 1. Firstly, to express already decision or plans for the near future:
Case 2. Secondly, to communicate an intention to do something:
Case 3. Thirdly, to express the high probability, inevitability that something will happen now.
Negation
Negation with the construction “to be going to” is formed using a particle not:
I am not going to buy a new car in winter.
I'm not going to buy new car in winter.
Question
to be comes first:
Are you going to stay at this hotel?
Are you planning to stay at this hotel?
Design "tobegoingto" is used in the following cases:
- Firstly, to express a decision already made or plans for the near future. For example,Heisgoingtovisithisparents. - He is going to visit his parents.
- Secondly, to communicate your intention to do something. For example,Sheisgoingtobeadoctor. - She's going to become a doctor.
- Thirdly, to express the high probability, inevitability that something will happen now. For example, There is a hole in front of this man. He is going to fall into it. - Before this a man hole. He will fall into it!
Negation with the construction "tobegoingto" is formed using a particlenot. For example,Iamnotgoingtobuyanewcarinwinter. - I'm not going to buy a new car in winter.
When forming a question verbtobe is put first. For example,Areyougoingtostayatthishotel? -Are you planning to stay at this hotel?
For expression planned actions, plans, forecasts or intentions in English the construction “to be going to” is often used.
The verb “to go” in the form followed by an infinitive (to be going + infinitive) conveys the intention to perform the action expressed by the infinitive.
In this case, “to be going” is translated into Russian as: gather, intend.
Instead of "going to" in colloquial speech Native speakers often use the abbreviation "gonna".
“to be” corresponds to the personal form (I am / we are; you are; they are / he is, she is, it is)
“I"m going to visit my parents.” - I'll go visit my parents.
“What are you going to do tonight?” - What will you do in the evening?
“John is going on vacation tomorrow.” - John is going on vacation tomorrow.
“I am going to send him a telegram.” - I'm going to send him a telegram.
“I’m going to work in summer.” - I'm going to work in the summer.
"We're going to get married in June." - We are going to get married in June.
"I am going to win." - I'm going (planning) to win.
“How long are you going to stay with us?” - How long are you going to stay with us?
“I think it is going to rain. " - Seems it will rain.
"The cat is going to jump." - The cat is going to jump (preparing to jump).
The negation of to be going can be expressed as follows:
"I am not going to drive." - I won't go by car.
In the case when the intention is in the past, the auxiliary verb “to be” is used in the past tense:
(I was, we were, you were, they were, he/she/it was).
"I wasn't going to laugh." - I didn't mean to laugh.
"I thought he was going to fall." - I thought he would fall.
It is important! from the verb to go is usually not used in combination with to go and to come.
Instead of Not is going to go there, He is going to come here- They say: Not is going there, He is coming here
or: Doesn't intend to go there, He doesn't intend to come here.
To be going to can also be used to express the high probability or inevitability of an action in the future. The subject in these cases may be an inanimate object. Such expressions are translated into Russian by the future tense:
The sea air is going to do you good. - Sea air will benefit you.
He is going to fall ill. - He'll get sick.(i.e. according to appearance or some other sign, the speaker concludes that the person will get sick)
Infinitive after Present Continuous verb to go can be used in:
Not going to be appointed manager of that department. - He will be appointed (he is going to be appointed) head of this department.
This form of the future tense is used very often in English, so we advise you to understand and master it well.
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We have already managed to study the future simple tense with you Future Simple,
which is used to denote actions in the future tense, in particular decisions made during a conversation, predictions about the future and expressing one's own opinion about future events.
And if we're talking about about planned actions for the future? There is a special phrase in English for this purpose: to be going to, which translates as, to get ready to do something. However, it can also be used to indicate predictions for the future, taking into account the current situation in the world. this moment.
Using the phrase to be going to
Therefore, we can conclude that the turnover to be going to several usages:
- Intentions for the future;
- Predictions taking into account the current situation.
Let's look at a few examples.
I am going to see a doctor tomorrow. I'm going to see the doctor tomorrow.
The sky is dark. It is going to rain. The sky is dark. It will be raining.
Try to answer the question, which of the 2 sentences expresses intention for the future, which of them is a prediction for the future?
In the first sentence we see that it is future intention, and we can assume that this is a planned visit to the doctor. While in the second sentence we see a description of the situation At the moment(the sky is dark), and judging by this fact we can predict that it will rain.
As for grammatical forms, the inflected part in circulation to be going to is a verb to be which conjugates in the present tense has the forms am/is/are. Particle to (going to) says that after the turn there should immediately be a verb in the indefinite form, what you are going to do.
For example, I am going to read a book. I'm going to read a book.
He is going to ride a bike. He is going to ride a bike.
We are going to spend our holidays in the country. We are going to spend our holidays in the village.
Negative form of to be going to
The negative form of this turnover is constructed very easily using a negative particle not, which is added to the variable part of the phrase, the verb to be (am not, is not, are not). You can use both short forms and full forms (isn’t, aren’t, I’m not)
For example, I’m not going to watch a film tonight. I'm not going to watch the movie today.
She isn't going to buy a new dress. She is not going to buy a new dress.
They aren't going to repair their car themselves. They are not going to repair the car themselves.
Interrogative form of the phrase to be going to
The question can be constructed simply by rearranging the verb to be and subject. Verb to be will occupy 1st place in the question, and the subject will occupy 2nd place.
Short answers are also given using the verb to be and the corresponding pronoun.
Do the following exercises to reinforce the material.
Lesson assignments
Exercise 1. Make up 2 sentences for each use of the phrase to be going to.
Exercise 2. Give short answers to the questions.
1. Are you going to see him at 6 tonight?
2. Is it going to rain? There are a lot of dark clouds in the sky.
3. Are they going to take the children to the cinema tonight?
4. Is he going to be late for school? It is already 8 a.m.
5. Are you going to arrange a Halloween party?
Exercise 2.
1. Yes, I am./ No, I am not.
2. Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.
3. Yes, they are./ No, they are not.
4. Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t.
5. Yes, I am./ No, I am not.
When we want to say about the intention to do something, then such a sentence must be translated into English using the construction to be going to do smth(getting ready to do something). This phrase can be found very often in written and oral speech. Let's figure out how to use it correctly.
Formation of the expression to be going to
The first thing that is important to remember is that this expression must be used in the present and past tenses.
I am going to wear my new skirt for the party. - I going to put on mine new skirt to the party.
I was going to call you but I forgot. - I was going to call you, but forgot.
As you can see, if we are talking about the present tense, then to be should change to am, is, are, which you already know from the article “”. And if the phrase is in the past tense, then to be takes shape was or were. Let's look at 3 signs with to be going to.
Statement
| Subject | Verb to be | Design going to | Main action verb |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am/was | going to | do |
| He/She/It | is/was | ||
| We/You/They | are/were |
He is going to clean his room. - He going tidy up your room.
They were going to join the English classes. - They were going to join English lessons.
Negation
When we have denial, then after to be we'll just put not and we get a negative offer.
| Subject | Verb to be | Negative particle not | Design going to | Main action verb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | am/was | not | going to | do |
| He/She/It | is/was | |||
| We/You/They | are/were |
We were not going to travel by train. - We weren't going to travel by train.
He is not going to buy her a new car. - He not going to buy her a new car.
Question
As you probably guessed, the question is also constructed using to be. Bring out the required form to be to the first place, and you get an interrogative sentence.
| Verb to be | Subject | Design going to | Main action verb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Am/Was | I | going to | do |
| Is/Was | he/she/it | ||
| Are/Were | we/you/they |
Are you going to work at the weekend? - You are you going to work on weekends?
Is he going to tell me the truth or not? - He going tell me the truth or not?
Using the construction to be going to
This expression is used almost more often than time Future Simple(simple future tense), and all because it is easy to remember. However, there are a few things to keep in mind when using to be going to.
- We use to be going to When we get together, we intend to do something.
- It can also be used when we make a prediction that something is bound to happen. We have every reason to believe that something will happen. For example, I see that there are clouds in the sky and I can say:
There are clouds in the sky. It 's going to rain. - There are clouds in the sky. Going to it's going to rain.
It's 8 a.m. Kyle is leaving his home. He has to be at work at 8.15 but the road takes 30 minutes. He is going to be late. - Eight in the morning. Kyle leaves the house. He has to be at work at 8:15, but the journey takes 30 minutes. Kyle, will most likely be late for work. (Kyle left at 8, he needs to be at work at 8:15, but he gets there in 30 minutes. That is, we have every reason to believe that he will be late)
- Because the design itself contains the word go, then we should not use go(go) as an action verb: I am going to go(I am going to go). This phrase looks like a tautology. It's better to say I am going somewhere(I'm going somewhere).
- Although we say "I'm going to do something" ( I am going to do smth), and the phrase is used in the present tense, but in meaning it is aimed at the future: in the future I will do what I am going to do now. That is, the present tense is used for both the present and the future. You can't tell I will be going to do smth(I'm going to do something).
- In colloquial speech it is customary to shorten long words to be going to do to short gonna = going to.
I 'm gonna buy this cake. - I I'm going to buy this cake.
He was gonna eat all the chicken himself. - He was going to one eat whole chicken.
This construction is quite easy to use, and foreigners often use it in their speech. Practice too! And don't forget to download our sign.
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The expression be going to in English