Character traits of a person are what others form an opinion about him on the basis of. Personality traits determine her behavior, attitude towards herself and others, motivation, achievements. Knowing what drives a person, on the basis of which he makes decisions, you can objectively evaluate him, figure out whether he is suitable for relationships, friendship, work.
Primary and secondary traits
Character traits are divided into primary and secondary. It is necessary to consider them in an extremely complex way, this is the only way to form an objective opinion about a person.
Primary
Primary traits have a permanent effect on a person, but they do not always appear. For example, if a person is sociable, this does not mean that in a new or large group of people he will be the life of the company.
The primary properties include the following:
- Having intelligence... A person can not always push out his knowledge in any area, but at the same time he will remain an interesting interlocutor who knows how to keep up a conversation.
- Openness or restraint... These properties can be seen at the first meeting. Does the person start a conversation on a new topic first, asks questions, makes any suggestions. He himself may not show the initiative, but if they ask him questions, he answers openly and fully. All this testifies to openness.
- Submission or dominance... Of course, these features are most clearly manifested in situations where you can take on the role of a commander, but in an ordinary environment they are easy to see. The dominant is not afraid to take responsibility, is full of enthusiasm, sparkles with ideas. The subordinate expects ideas from others, it is easier for him to take on the role of a performer, perhaps even a very conscientious one, only he needs someone to tell him what exactly needs to be done.
The primary features are the pairs “volatility-conscientiousness”, “timidity-courage”, “carelessness-seriousness”, “suspicion-gullibility”, etc. Moreover, the primary signs of a person do not always work. If there are doubts about the correctness of the assessment, it is necessary to repeat the session, date, interview to obtain secondary data.
Secondary
Secondary reflects the reaction to a specific situation. These include:
- practicality or a penchant for fantasy;
- openness or secrecy;
- confidence or anxiety;
- craving for experimentation or conservatism;
- dependence on someone else's opinion or self-sufficiency;
- tension or relaxation.
Each person is individual, which is reflected in the primary traits, habits, reactions. Not all properties have the same meaning; only the brightest and most repetitive qualities should be the basis for the assessment.
Surface and deep properties
Psychologist Raymond Cattell has researched two such character traits - superficial and deep.
Surface
According to Cattell, these traits are determined by the influence of the environment. They seem to lie on the surface. But if an individual behaves the same in different situations, even a superficial quality should be used in the analysis.
For example, if a timid person suddenly interceded for a friend, this still does not mean that another time or under different conditions he will do the same. His act suggests that he acted bravely, but he is not brave.
Deep
These are fundamental traits that tend to be innate. Individuality is often expressed precisely in deep character traits that remain unchanged in any situation. They are not able to be influenced by cultural, religious or other factors.
3 evaluation planes
To give a description of a person's character, you need to consider it in three dimensions:
- acceptability;
- constancy;
- uniqueness.
Acceptability
Acceptable are the qualities of character that are usually liked by the majority and are considered positive in society. For example, generosity, honesty, responsiveness. Everyone will call negative self-centeredness, greed, rudeness. These traits are unacceptable and condemned by society.
When describing a character, one must take into account that negative and positive traits can easily coexist in it, often they come in a "set":
- ambition and toughness;
- intelligence and arrogance;
- kindness and reliability;
- generosity and irresponsibility.
Uniqueness
It should be borne in mind that despite the typology, similarities, attempts of psychologists to classify people by type, we are all unique. Personality traits can be combined in different ways to create individuality. Very often you can hear the phrases "all girls are the same", "all men need only one thing", "scorpions are all the same according to the horoscope." This is fundamentally not true, without looking at the similarities, everyone has a chance to reveal themselves.
Consistency and habits
Consistency is the same behavior in similar situations and conditions. You need to be able to distinguish it from habits. They are much narrower, more limited. If you combine several habits together, you can get one character trait. For example, if a person runs every morning, this does not yet speak of his strength of character, but if you add to this proper nutrition, the ability to give up alcohol and adhere to a certain schedule, then all this can be combined, for example, in dedication or pedantry.
Assessment methods
To evaluate a person, the following methods will help:
- Observation in the natural environment... For example, when a girl wants to get to know a guy better, she should spend his usual day with him - meeting friends, doing what he likes. This will allow her to immerse herself in his life, to see her from the inside.
- Setting tasks and finding solutions... Another type of observation that is suitable for evaluating employees or job seekers. A classic interview does not always provide an opportunity to identify the necessary character traits. To better assess a potential employee, you can verbally simulate a situation for him and ask him to live it - find a way out of a situation, make a difficult decision.
- Pros-cons analysis... This method of assessment is very primitive and cannot give an objective assessment; nevertheless, it is used very often. A sheet is taken, drawn in half, positive traits of a person are written on one side, negative features on the other. To make the analysis more accurate, you can describe not only the personality traits themselves, but also his actions.
How to describe a person's character?
This can be done from several positions:
- His attitude towards me, his attitude towards himself, his attitude towards the world. These are three points that can only be viewed as a whole. For example, a person treats himself and his loved ones well, but he doesn't care if his neighbor's dog dies. A man can be kind in principle, and then his kindness towards a particular girl does not mean deep feelings at all, it is just a trait of his character.
- Spiritual, material, physical... You can describe a person by assessing his spiritual values, attitude to money, physical data. For example, a person involved in ballroom dancing knows how to demonstrate himself, athletes are characterized by determination and perseverance. In relation to money, we can conclude about commercialism, generosity, success, hoarding, squandering, responsibility.
- Education, the ability to transform... From this position, it is possible to determine which traits were cultivated in a person and which ones he acquired, whether he is capable of changing and what motivates him to this.
Character traits are always individual. People with the same traits can evoke different emotions and impressions. When making an assessment, you need to stay at ease and try not to turn the process into an inquiry.
"How many people - so many characters" - we often repeat. And this is really so, there are no two identical people, and even twins, so indistinguishable at first glance, turn out to be completely different people on the second. People have different value systems, hobbies, principles and worldviews, react differently to external stimuli. The character of a person determines his actions, from which life is formed. MirSovetov invites you to trace together what character is composed of and whether it is possible to change it.
Scientists psychologists call character an individual combination of those personality traits that are manifested in a person's actions and determine his attitude to the environment.Translated from Greek, the word "character" - Charakter - means "imprint", "chasing". Already from the name itself it is clear that in all centuries, character was considered as a stable system of personality traits of a person, such a kind of inner core on which other properties are strung like rings.Character is closely related to and his abilities. To some extent, he is one of the constituent parts of the character, tk. determines the form of manifestation of human reactions, the dynamics of his mental processes. The type of temperament cannot be changed, but a person with a strong will can control and correct his negative traits. The concept of ability is also included in the definition of character. For example, while developing the ability to work, we simultaneously develop diligence as a character trait.
Temperament types are usually inherited by a child from one of the parents. But temperament is only the basis for the education of various character traits. For example, you can instill perseverance in both the choleric and the phlegmatic, but it will manifest itself in vigorous activity in one and methodical work in another. Character is not an innate and unchanging property, it is formed under the influence of life experience, upbringing, and the environment.
There is a branch of psychology dedicated to the study of human character. It's called characterology. Characterology emerged as a separate discipline not so long ago, but in ancient times, attempts were made to study and predict a person's character. So, for example, the study of the influence of a person's name on his character, the selection of favorable combinations of name and patronymic. Physiognomy is the doctrine of the relationship between a person's appearance and his character. Even graphology, a science that establishes a connection between a person's handwriting and his character, can also be attributed to one of the forerunners of characterology.
Traits
In the character of each person, general groups of traits can be distinguished. Different scientists suggest different division of character traits into groups. There are many classifications, from highly specialized to popular science. One of the clearest ways of dividing into groups is the B.M. Teplova. In the first group, this scientist singled out general character traits, those that are the mental basis of the personality. These are such qualities as adherence to principles, honesty, courage and, naturally, their antipodes: cowardice, insincerity.
The second group includes those character traits in which a person's attitude towards other people is manifested. Those. sociability and isolation, kindness and ill will, attentiveness and indifference.
The third group of character traits are those traits that express a person's attitude to himself. It is to this group that pride and conceit, vanity, arrogance and self-esteem, adequate pride belong.
The fourth large group of traits reflects a person's attitude to work. Diligence and laziness, fear of difficulties and persistence in overcoming them, activity and lack of initiative are included in this group.
In the typologies of character traits of other scientists, it is worth highlighting two very important groups of character traits, normal and abnormal. The normal are those traits that are inherent in mentally healthy people, and the abnormal are the traits of people with mental illnesses.
Interestingly, the same traits can apply to both normal and abnormal. It's all about the extent to which it is expressed in the character of a particular person. For example, suspicion may be perfectly healthy, but if it is dominant, you can talk about paranoia.
Classification of human characters
Having dealt with the main identified groups of character traits, it would be reasonable to move on to a typology of characters. But here in modern psychology there is no general classification. And how can you classify characters with that richness of compatibility of their features in different people? Nevertheless, such attempts were made by scientists for a very long time. For example, there is a division of characters according to their dominant volitional and emotional qualities. As a result, a strong-willed type of character is distinguished (effective, with a dominant will), emotional (guided by an emotional background) and rational (sober, based on the arguments of reason).At one time, the German psychiatrist Kretschmer classified people according to their constitution and hypothesized that certain character traits are inherent in people of a certain constitution.
So asthenics, people of thin constitution, with thin bones and weak muscles, are characterized by weak emotionality, love of philosophy and introspection, a tendency to loneliness.
People of an athletic type (medium or tall, wide chest, excellent musculature) are characterized by a strong will, perseverance and even stubbornness.
The third type of constitution is pycnic, it is distinguished by medium height, well-developed adipose tissue, weak muscles. People of this type are emotional, striving to get pleasure from life.
And although later this typology of characters was recognized as not one hundred percent correct, there is a grain of truth in it. People with a certain body structure are more likely to suffer from similar ones. The type of human constitution is congenital, it is influenced by a genetic factor, which also causes some ailments. Which makes the hypothesis of general character traits likely. MirSovetov will emphasize once again that we are talking exclusively about some traits, and not about the character completely.
Formation of character
The character of a person changes somewhat throughout his life. These changes occur most often unconsciously, but sometimes a person consciously changes some features. But the main, basic features, are laid in distant childhood and it is safe to say that by the age of 5-6 the child already has his own character. By the second year of life, the child demonstrates strong-willed character traits, and by the age of 3-4, business traits are formed. Clear signs of communicative character traits appear by the age of 4-5, when the child begins to take an active part in group role-playing games. In this age period, adults have a strong influence on the character of the child, the way the parents treat the baby. If parents pay attention to the child, talk to him and are interested in his desires, then such a child is likely to develop trust in people, sociability and cheerfulness. Otherwise, the appearance of such traits as isolation, closeness is likely.During school years, the formation of the child's character continues, but in the lower grades the opinion of parents and teachers is a priority, and in the middle grades peers have a greater influence on character. In high school, the picture changes again: the opinion of adults again becomes more significant. But the influence of the elders is becoming more indirect, respect for the person as a person and self-esteem of the young person. Also during this period, the mass media acquire a greater influence on the character of a person.
In the future, character changes will consist of events in his personal life, meetings with bright charismatic personalities, as well as under the influence of age-related changes. The most noticeable of the latter are changes in personality character at an older age. At the age of 50, a person finds himself, as it were, at the junction of the past and the future. He is no longer inherent in the habit of making plans and living for the future, but it is too early to indulge in memories. After 60 years, a new stage begins in a person's life, when the past and present acquire extraordinary value. Such character traits as leisurely, measuredness are manifested. Also, the nature and beginning health problems change somewhat.
How to change your character
As a rule, new character traits most quickly and fully manifest themselves in a person if they are similar to those already existing. After the age of thirty, cardinal changes in character are extremely rare. Yet it's never too late to change.
A person can always change character traits that he does not like. There are many techniques for this, but they are all based on one thing: the desire to change must be internal and conscious. A systematic approach will be a good helper in character change. Write down the traits you want to get rid of on a separate sheet of paper. In front of each trait, write how it manifests itself. Knowing this, it will be easier for you to control yourself and prevent actions that are unpleasant to you. The character of a person takes a long time to develop, it is difficult to exaggerate unpleasant traits, it requires painstaking and long-term work. But this is not impossible, and literally the first week is especially difficult. When controlling the manifestation of the "dark" side of your character becomes a habit, it will become much easier to monitor your behavior. And very soon what you didn’t like about your character will cease to complicate your life and communication with loved ones.
For example, your negative trait is anger. It manifests itself in the fact that you, without listening to the interlocutor, manage to be rude to him. You should start to control your actions: try to listen to the interlocutor to the end, count to five or ten before you say harshness.Also, good results in changing your character gives a role model. Having chosen some kind of sample (it can be both a real and a fictional person), you begin to look up to him. And you ask yourself what he would do in your place. By copying the desired demeanor, you will also develop the correct and minimize the manifestation of negative character traits. Here MirSovetov will make only such a remark: do not try to copy someone's behavior exactly as it is, superficially. And you are unlikely to succeed. You need to understand that you are individual in your own way, and therefore some feature will manifest itself with its own shade characteristic only of you.
For example, you want to be as firm with clients as your work colleague. This does not mean that you should exactly copy his actions. Those. if you see from the outside how your colleague communicates calmly and confidently with each of the clients, then, following him, it is somewhat wrong to put on a “mask of equanimity and confidence”, completely imitating his facial expressions and intonation. Rather, this alone will not be enough. It is better if you also try to figure out how he manages to be like that. Surely, your colleague is well versed in his issue, possesses a lot, and this gives him confidence in the conversation. Perhaps it is more, weeding out personal, any unfounded claims and highlighting only really problematic points, thereby avoiding unnecessary disputes and conflicts. Those. you must sort out the character of the person who serves as a role model for you, and try to develop these qualities in yourself.It doesn't matter which self-correction system you use. It is important that you sincerely want to change for the better, then nothing will be impossible for you. Remember that there is no limit to perfection, develop all the best in yourself, and MirSovetov wishes you good luck in this!
For those who do not like their own "psychological portrait", there is consolation: the shortcomings of temperament can be filled with positive character traits.
It is the understanding that one can change oneself for the better that is the most attractive feature as a science.
So, if temperament is an innate personality trait, then a person brings up character himself. Every time we perform an act, we strengthen or weaken some of its features.
Thus, even the most nasty disposition can be corrected.
Regarding temperament, it can only be recalled that Hippocrates divided it into four types that are still used today:
- Phlegmatic people are unhurried and unperturbed;
- Choleric people are hot-tempered and unbalanced;
- Melancholic - impressionable and vulnerable;
- Sanguine people are lively, agile and cheerful.
We fix the results
It is better to write down the results of your struggle. You can draw up a table and record successes and failures there every day. Or do this: mark two cities on a geographic map. One will conditionally designate your current state, the second - your goal.
Every time you do something to improve your character, put a new point on the way between these cities. And if you miss something - go back to the point.
In terms of it seems very interesting. Be sure to read about this great man, whose experience can be of invaluable help to you.
Surely the reader may have a question: do they influence the formation of the personality and its individual traits?
It is rather difficult to give an unequivocal answer to this question. A certain connection in inclinations and behavioral features between children and parents, of course, can be traced.
However, to argue that "I am like that and I cannot be different, because this is my mom or dad", for an adult, at least not serious.
It is believed that temperament cannot be changed, but character traits are within the power of anyone who wishes. You just need to have the determination to do this business.
Accentuation of character
Character accentuation is a character trait that is within the clinical norm, in which some of its features are excessively enhanced, as a result of which selective vulnerability to some psychogenic influences is revealed while maintaining good resistance to others.
You might find the definition of accentuation a little complicated, but it's actually pretty simple.
The very word "accentuation" (from Latin accentus - stress) denotes a pronounced emphasis on something.
In other words, this feature lies in the fact that some character traits are unusually developed, which causes the inferiority of other, less developed traits.
Probably everyone saw how small children, at the sight of strangers, settle down to some and begin to smile, and at the sight of others they frown and run away.
This is due to the fact that facial features are very closely related to our character traits. Children, on the other hand, sense this intuitively by "scanning" the face of a stranger.
And adults, on a deeply subconscious level, can “feel” a person who is good or bad in front of them. This also happens because our brain is able to "read" information from the characteristic features of a person's face.
It is important to understand that the character of a person largely determines how his life will turn out, whether he will achieve success.
The 19th century English writer William Thackeray wrote:
"Sow an act and you reap a habit, sow a habit and you reap character, sow character and you reap destiny."
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Studying the personality of a person, be it a woman, a man or a child, you can always identify a bad tendency to unseemly behavior due to, for example, mistakes in upbringing, psychological trauma. But even bad heredity can be protected. Let's consider the main negative traits of a human character.
Authoritarianism
Striving to dominate in everything, ignoring any needs of other people. Explicit or implicit demand for obedience and discipline from everyone with whom a person intersects. Someone else's opinion is not taken into account, any insubordination is suppressed without trying to find a mutually beneficial solution. It is believed that this is a typical negative trait of the Russian character.
Aggressiveness
The desire to conflict with others. In early childhood, this is a mandatory negative character trait of a child who studies ways to protect his interests. For an aggressive adult, provocative, sometimes deliberately false statements, a raised tone, and insults are typical. Sometimes attempts are made to influence the opponent physically.
Gambling
Painful desire to achieve the set goal, regardless of the size of the risks, ignoring their own and others' logical arguments about the excess of the amount of spending over the value of the desired result. Often it becomes the cause of situations leading to death, loss of health or significant financial loss.
Greed
Pathological desire for personal material gain in any situation. Getting profit at any cost becomes the only source of positive emotions in life. At the same time, the duration of the pleasant sensations from the benefits received is extremely short-lived - due to the uncontrollable constant desire to get enriched even more.
Apathy
Lack of an emotional response to most external stimuli due to a particular temperament or as a result of the body's defensive response to stress. It is one of the reasons for the impossibility of achieving even simple goals due to the inability or unwillingness to concentrate, to make volitional efforts.
Carelessness
Careless fulfillment of obligations due to unwillingness to act according to the rules already known to all or a lack of understanding of the algorithms necessary for the quick and least costly achievement of existing goals. Often this is a typical negative character trait of a woman who has just escaped from excessive parental care.
Indifference
Real or deliberately demonstrated lack of interest in a specific subject, object, event, duties due to innate emotional coldness, experienced severe stress or, instilled from infancy, a sense of superiority over people with a different social status, different faith, nationality, race.
Irresponsibility
Deliberately chosen, imposed during upbringing or due to moral immaturity, the position of refusal from real awareness of the consequences of their own actions, unwillingness to make decisions that affect their own and others' quality of life. In difficult everyday situations, active actions are not carried out due to the expectation that the problem will resolve on its own.
Facelessness
Lack of individual traits, which is why an individual subject is easily "lost" in the general mass of people like him. In the process of communication, the “gray man” does not arouse sympathy because of his obsession with uninteresting topics, in a team he is lacking in initiative, boring, fears innovations and opposes them in every possible way.
Ruthlessness
Emotional indifference to other people's troubles, inability or unwillingness to condole, sympathize with people in particular and living beings in general, experiencing physical or emotional pain. Sometimes it is intentional inhumanity in actions that lead to suffering and even death of the objects chosen as victims.
Unceremoniousness
Intentional or unconscious violation of norms, the sequence of actions taken in a given society in relation to a specific situation. The reason for intentional swagger may be the desire to provoke a conflict or draw attention to one's own person, unconscious - errors of upbringing, emotional immaturity.
Talkativeness
Painful need to constantly participate in a dialogue with one or more interlocutors, regardless of the meaningfulness of the conversation, the degree of enthusiasm by the other participants, the relevance of the conversation. The main purpose of such an interlocutor is not to obtain new information, but to play the role of a narrator in contact with someone. At the same time, he can spread the information that others would prefer to keep secret.
Windiness
The inability to keep any promises and take into account other people's interests, the lack of the ability to move for a long time to achieve one goal, the desire to constantly change the circle of friends, partners. Lack of principles and clear behavioral boundaries, rapid fading of interest in a particular occupation, person.
Lust for power
A passionate desire for control over everyone and the expectation of unquestioning obedience, the desire for unlimited power, especially over the more educated and skilled. Delight in their own superior position in situations when others are forced to seek help or seek protection, material support.
Suggestibility
In a pathological form, this is a subconscious tendency to perceive behavior imposed from the outside without one's own conscious comprehension and weighing the results from one's actions performed under the influence of someone else's authority. However, decreased suggestibility can cause learning difficulties.
Vulgarity
The inability to find a balance between originality and vulgarity in communication, when choosing clothes, social guidelines, and so on. For example, during a dialogue, the interlocutor communicates in a raised tone, manners, does not disdain greasy jokes. When choosing an outfit, she prefers catchy things, and the constituent elements often do not go well with each other.
Stupidity
Inability or unwillingness to determine logically correct conclusions even from the simplest everyday tasks, a tendency to see a healthy grain in pseudoscientific and populist statements, an inability to subject information from sources that have independently been elevated to the status of authoritative ones in a substantiated critical analysis.
Pride
Confidence in the social, moral, mental insignificance of others, inability to forgive for personal and other people's mistakes, denial of the possibility of having worthy features in other subjects of society. It develops against the background of imbalances in education, personality degradation due to illness, immaturity of the personality, coupled with a high social status.
Coarseness
Unwillingness to adhere to a polite format of communication with interlocutors, accepted in a normal society, due to personality deformation due to illness, injury, stress, or the frequent need to take a defensive position when encroaching on territory and rights. Typical manifestations: communication in a raised voice, rudeness, obscene language.
Greed, stinginess
Striving to minimize costs even at the expense of health, basic hygiene and common sense. The pathological pursuit of material stability can manifest itself in the form of refusal to get rid of garbage, trash, ignoring the justified requests of a loved one to purchase essential things.
Cruelty
The desire to cause discomfort to living subjects for the sake of personal moral satisfaction. The impact on the victim can be both intangible - in the form of insults and refusal to satisfy some important emotional needs, and physical - through infliction of pain, torment, encroachment on life.
Forgetfulness
Failure to remember any data necessary in everyday life, a combination of actions to achieve a specific goal, an algorithm for starting or shutting down the device. It occurs due to age-related changes in the brain, information overload. May be the result of a stressful situation that you want to forget.
Addiction
The desire to enjoy the performance of actions or the use of a certain substance, even if the source of pleasant emotions is harmful to health, relationships with others, leads to large financial spending, pushes to a crime because of the desire to achieve a "high", in the absence of legal access to it.
Envy
Inability to enjoy any personal benefits, achievements, qualities. A tendency to constantly compare the values of oneself and others. Moreover, "crumbs" on the foreign side always seem larger, tastier and more desirable than their own "placers". In a pathological form, it deprives of cheerfulness, the ability to soberly assess one's own and other people's dignity.
Complexity
Constant belittling in their own eyes of their own natural talents, trained abilities, denial of the value of personal achievements, inability to force oneself to declare personal achievements in the circle of authority figures. It is formed due to an overly strict upbringing, psychological trauma or a disease of the nervous system.
Tediousness
The habit of teaching everyone and everywhere, discussing the same topic many times, despite the obvious lack of interest in it among people who are trying to draw into dialogue. The reason lies in the pathological love for attention and endless conversations on any topic, even if the instigator of the conversation is a complete layman in the topic under discussion.
Anger
Emotional manifestation of strong dissatisfaction with something, a landmark indicating the presence of clearly uncomfortable conditions for a person. In the absence of actions that eliminate the cause of the formation of feelings, over time it can push you to commit an offense, so you should not ignore the manifestations of anger.
Spoiledness
It is a bad habit to demand the fulfillment of one's desire as soon as possible, without taking into account the possibilities of the person to whom the claim is made. Refusal to control and restrain one's own needs, endure the slightest inconvenience, and personally make emotional and physical efforts to achieve what one wants.
Laziness
Lack of desire to strain for personal needs, a tendency to spend days idle. The behavior shows the desire to obtain comfort at the expense of the work of others, a deep aversion to useful activities, even in minimal volumes. When applying for a job, this negative character trait for a resume should not be indicated.
Deceit
Deliberate, systematic statement to the interlocutors of inaccurate information with a defamatory purpose, for the sake of their own benefit or masking personal mistakes in some activity. The pathological form is inherent in insecure individuals who try to impress others with fictional stories about themselves.
Hypocrisy
Feigned assurances of love, sincere admiration and goodwill towards the interlocutor during a conversation with him. The purpose of such behavior is ingratiating themselves and the desire to flatter for their own benefit, while hiding the true, perhaps even malicious, moods in relation to the participant in the dialogue or the object of the conversation.
Flattering
The tendency to excessive constant praise aloud of other people's real and imaginary virtues, virtues, for the sake of their own self-interest. The object of exaltation can also be deliberately negative actions, actions of an influential person, specially whitewashed by the flatterer and voiced by him as the only correct decision in the situation under consideration.
Curiosity
In a pathological form, this is the desire to find out the information of interest, regardless of decency, personal feelings of the questioned and the situation in the situation in which communication takes place. The cause of unhealthy curiosity is a painful desire to be aware of even those events that are not related to the interested person.
Pettiness
The habit of attaching great importance to your insignificant statements and actions. The widespread protrusion of their imaginary achievements as opposed to the really important and heroic actions of the people around them. Attention to ordinary details to the detriment of values, the desire to obtain reports on household expenses up to "one thousandth".
Vindictiveness
The tendency to focus personal attention on all small and large troubles, everyday conflicts, far-fetched grievances, in order over time to be sure to repay each of the offenders a hundredfold. In this case, the duration of the time interval from the moment of receiving a real or imaginary insult does not matter.
Impudence
Unceremonious behavior in any situations, striving to achieve what you want with minimal cost and "over the heads" of others. Such behavior is formed with the wrong upbringing, because of a difficult childhood, or, conversely, because of pampering, which has consolidated the habit of always getting what you want at any cost.
Arrogance
The perception of the majority of those around them as subjects of a deliberately lower category due to an invented difference in social status or a real discrepancy in material, national, racial or other grounds. The reason may be a defensive reaction to the wound of self-esteem in the past or distortions in upbringing.
Annoyance
Inability or unwillingness to independently deal with emerging problems, have fun or rest. The reason may lie in emotional immaturity, fear of loneliness, a desire to increase self-esteem through active participation in the lives of other people, even if they experience obvious discomfort from this and openly declare it.
Narcissism
Unreasonable and groundless self-praise, narcissism under any circumstances, the desire to embellish the results of one's actions and the actions taken, selfishness, indifference not only to strangers, but also to loved ones, interest only in personal comfort and benefit.
Negligence
Unwillingness to qualitatively fulfill the obligations taken or assigned, neglect in behavior with people in everyday or professional relationships, insufficient attention to trusted values, inability - due to poor education or personal deformation, to understand the importance of diligence when working on something.
Resentment
Increased negative reaction to everyday troubles due to hypertrophied egoism. It is because of him that you want the world to spin at your feet, and those around you, forgetting about their own needs, meet expectations around the clock and all year round: they are polite, generous and caring, striving to ensure the comfort of others.
Limitation
The certainty that the true picture of the world is available only to you, and other explanations for the structure of the universe and the principles of interaction between man and the environment are a complete invention of dimwitted dorks. It arises from insufficient education, a congenital developmental defect that prevents adequate assimilation of educational information.
Alarmism
The tendency to accept as reality the imaginary catastrophic consequences of any, even insignificant, incidents in one's own life and the world as a whole. It is a manifestation of a bad upbringing by a reinsurer, an excessively violent fantasy or a disorder of the nervous system due to stress or illness.
Vulgarity
A penchant for pretentious outfits, demonstration of real or ostentatious material security through the acquisition of unnecessary luxury items. Or, and sometimes in combination, a passion for greasy jokes, obscene anecdotes, often voiced in an absolutely inappropriate setting for the sake of arousing feelings of awkwardness in the bulk of the audience.
Irritability
A negative reaction to a stimulus, expressed in an excessive manifestation of emotions, the saturation of which does not correspond to the strength of the influence of a factor that is unpleasant for some reason. The cause of irritability can be external or internal, caused by an overload of the nervous system or exhaustion of the body by a disease.
Extravagance
Inability to rationally spend income, including the desire to systematically or constantly make acquisitions for the sake of the process itself, and not for the purpose of exploiting the purchased item or thing. It is based on the desire to feel like "the ruler of the world", to correspond to the status of a financially secure person.
Jealousy
Expression of dissatisfaction or distrust in a subject that has a certain value for the jealous. It is expressed by a suspicion of infidelity or a greater emotional predisposition to another person (in the place of the accused, not only the spouse may be, but also the mother, sister, friend - the list may be endless).
Self-criticism
The habit of justifiably and unreasonably incriminating oneself in a multitude of sins of various sizes. For example, insufficient attention to the fulfillment of duties, although in reality, at work or in a relationship, a person gives all the best. Possible reasons: low self-esteem, actively supporting the interested environment, perfectionism.
Overconfidence
Unreasonable exaltation of their abilities, allegedly allowing them to cope with a certain or any task. It is the cause of bragging and risky behavior, often committed with the rejection of safety rules, the laws of physics and the arguments of logic. It is based on inexperience, dependence on the desire to live on the brink of a foul.
Weakness
Lack of the ability to perform a volitional effort for the sake of a desired goal or to resist dangerous, illegal temptations, morally degraded individuals. The tendency to submit to other people's decisions, even when they require serious sacrifices. Such a negative trait of a man's character can make him the object of ridicule in the team.
Cowardice
The inability to resist the opponent due to insufficiently developed willpower, susceptibility to phobia. It can be expressed by fleeing from the scene of some events because of an imaginary or real danger to one's own health, life, despite the fact that other possible participants in the incident are left in danger.
Vanity
Desire to receive praise for real and perceived merits. Striving first of all to have a positive image, and not be worthy of compliments. Indistinctness as voiced endorsements - flattery is also perceived favorably. Moreover, there is not always the ability to distinguish it from sincere statements.
Stubbornness
The desire to act only according to their own ideas about the fidelity of the chosen path, rejection of authorities, ignorance of well-known rules purely out of the habit of acting as he himself decided. Lack of the ability to be flexible when interests clash, unwillingness or inability to take into account the goals and capabilities of others.
Selfishness
Conscious self-love, the desire to live in comfort, regardless of the possible inconveniences that result from this for others. Their interests are always exalted over the desires of other people, the opinions of the latter on this and other reasons are never taken into account. All decisions are based only on their own benefit.
Today we will continue to study the positive traits of a person's character, by developing which we can become a harmonious personality.
Let me remind you once again that you cannot neglect some character traits in favor of others, since in the long term it will only bring harm. In other words, it is necessary to polish all facets of character, without exception, and then in every situation of life one or another trait will help us.
While developing only our “favorite” traits, we use a one-sided approach, avoiding working on ourselves and not using the entire arsenal of character traits that we have.
- Certainty
Set goals in life, regardless of the difficulties. Make sure your goals are correct. Ignore distractions. Don't be discouraged if there are many problems to solve.
- Hard work
Invest your time and energy to complete every challenge you set. Finish all your projects. Do the job right, not just. Follow the instructions. Concentrate fully on your work. Don't be lazy.
- Vigilance
Be aware of what is happening around you so that you can have the right idea. Keep your eyes and ears open. Recognize and heed warning signals. Tell others about the danger. Stay away from dangerous places yourself.
- Caution
Think before you act. Follow the safety rules. Ask permission. Chat at the right time.
- Endurance
Build up your inner strength to withstand stress. Do your best. Don't be a net. Don't waste your time, energy, and talents in meaningless pursuits. Put your heart and soul into what you do.
- Flexibility
Change plans or ideas as needed. Don't be discouraged when plans change. Respect the decisions of your superiors. Don't be stubborn. Look for the good in change. Be flexible, but don't compromise on what's right.
- Generosity
Manage your resources wisely so that you can freely give to those in need. Share with others. Don't expect anything in return for your generosity. Give your time and talents for free sometimes. Praise the good you see in others.
- Tenderness
Take care of others. Show good manners. Reject violence as the solution to your problems. Look for ways to ease the pain of others. Do not be angry and not others. Be a peacemaker.
- Joy
Maintain a good attitude even when you face unpleasant conditions. Try to look for the good in everything. Smile for adversity. Don't be discouraged. Don't let your emotions rule your mind. Take time out, laugh and sing every day.
- Discernment
Understand more deeply the reasons why things happen. Ask questions. Don't judge hastily. Take lessons from your own experience. Don't repeat mistakes. Look for the cause of the problem.
- Humility
Recognize that your success and results also depend on the investment of others in your life. Praise your parents, teachers, teammates, and coaches. I don't think more highly of myself than you should. Take responsibility for all your actions. Try again after every defeat. Give credit to those who made you.
- Gratitude
Let others know through your words and actions that you are grateful to them. Show your parents and teachers that you value them. Say and write thank you. Take care of the things of others. Be content with what you have.
- Honor
Respect leaders and higher authorities. Don't laugh at them. Be considerate of those who lead you. Show loyalty to your superiors. Speak only the truth. Obey is not compulsive, but fun. Make way for your elders. Honor your country.
- Initiative
Acknowledge and do what needs to be done before you are asked to do it. Do something before talking about it. Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today. Contribute to the success of the entire team. Be part of the solution, not the problem. Look for ways to help others.
- Hospitality
Use food, shelter, and fellowship for the benefit of others. Greet guests and visitors. Make others feel important. Cook for guests. Share your stuff with pleasure. Don't expect anything in return.
- Justice
Stand up for what is clean and honest. Respect the rule of law. Stand up for what is right. Never hurt others. Always stay open. Keep your conscience clear.
In the next article we will finish looking at the positive traits of a person. Stay with us.