1. Образуйте отрицательные предложения с конструкциями used to или be used to.
Н - р : He used to live in France. ( Когда - то он жил во Франции .) – He didn’t use to live in France.
We are used to working at nights. (Мы привыкли работать по ночам .) – We aren’t used to working at nights.
People used to make their own cheese and butter. (Бывало, люди готовили свой собственный сыр и масло.)
My sister used to wear jeans. (Когда-то моя сестра носила джинсы.)
I am used to rude neighbours. (Я привыкла к грубым соседям.)
Jill used to eat raw fish. (Бывало, Джилл ела сырую рыбу.)
Tom is used to cycling to school. (Том привык ездить в школу на велосипеде.)
2. Раскройте скобки, используя конструкцию used to, и напишите о том, что люди делали раньше, но не делают сейчас. Переведите предложения.
Ann … (buy) white bread, but now she buys brown bread.
Susan … (drink) black coffee, but now she drinks white.
Henry … (smoke) a pipe, but now he doesn’t smoke at all.
My dad … (run) 5 km every day, but now he doesn’t run.
My wife … (spend) much money on clothes, but now she spends it on travelling.
3. Раскройте скобки, поставив один из глаголов в форму Past Simple, а другой – с использованием конструкции used to.
Н - р : He … (live) in New York before he … (enter) Oxford University. – He used to live in New York before he entered Oxford University. (Когда-то он жил в Нью-Йорке, пока не поступил в Оксфордский университет.)
I … (earn) enough money, but then I … (lose) my job.
Bob … (not like) football, but then he … (change) his mind.
My mum … (drive) a lot before she … (have) that accident.
This telephone … (work) well before my son … (drop) it.
Mary … (work) in a hotel, but then she … (get) married.
He … (play) basketball before he … (break) his leg.
4. Выберите верный вариант и переведите.
Jack … (used to/is used to) cooking for himself when he comes home from work.
I remember how we … (used to/are used to) listen to rock-n-roll music all the time.
Pam … (used to/is used to) spend hours in front of the mirror when she was a teenager.
They … (didn’t use to/are not used to) eating Japanese food.
Our town … (used to/is used to) be an industrial centre.
My son … (didn’t use to/isn’t used to) going to bed so early.
We … (used to/are used to) meet him every day.
I … (didn’t use to/am not used to) driving on the left.
5. Выберите из скобок подходящий оборот:
1) After his football match, Bob (would/used to) often come home exhausted.
2) You (would/used to) like him. – Yes, but now I hate him!
3) She (would/used to) live in London before the war, and then she moved to New York.
4) I remember we (would/used to) go fishing every morning when I was a child.
5) The children (would/used to) often help me make a cake. They still do sometimes.
6) He (would/used to) be a very good tennis player, until he broke his ankle.
7) My grandfather (would/used to) swim in the river. Unfortunately, now it’s forbidden.
6. Выберите правильный ответ
1. Carol ……………to have long dark hair, didn’t she?
a) is used
b) used
c) would
2. I have never driven an automatic car before, but I am sure I will soon……………to it.
a) get used
b) be used
c) used
3. When we were little, mum……………always read us a bedtime story.
a) was used to
b) would
c) got used to
4. I am surprised you are not tired. I didn’t know you……………to walking long distances.
a) are used
b) got used
c) used
5. I remember Uncle Bob very well, because he……………always bring us some sweets.
a) would
b) was used
c) used
6. ‘How do you know that woman?’ ‘She ……………to work with me.’
a) was used
b) used
c) is used
7. They……………to the cold.
a) are used
b) used
c) would
8. I……………to getting up early and find it hard.
a) will get used
b) am not used
c) was used
9. I……………to exercise often when I was younger.
a) used
b) will get used
c) am used
10. My brother……………to travel a lot before he got married.
a) didn’t use
b) used
c) was used
11. Do you remember the things we……………to do when we were kids?
a) used
b) were used
c) got used
12. Tom……………to using a computer, but now he enjoys it.
a) isn’t used
b) will get used
c) wasn’t used
Ответы :
People didn’t use to make their own cheese and butter.
My sister didn’t use to wear jeans.
I’m not used to rude neighbours.
Jill didn’t use to eat raw fish.
Tom isn’t used to cycling to school.
used to buy (Раньше Анна покупала белый хлеб, но сейчас она покупает коричневый.)
used to drink (Сюзан раньше пила черный кофе, но теперь пьет кофе с молоком.)
used to smoke (Когда-то Генри курил сигару, но сейчас он вообще не курит.)
used to run (Раньше мой отец бегал по 5 км в день, а сейчас не бегает.)
used to spend (Моя жена раньше тратила много денег на одежду, но теперь тратит их на путешествия.)
used to earn – lost (Когда-то я зарабатывал достаточно денег, но затем потерял работу.)
didn’t use to like – changed (Боб раньше не любил футбол, но потом он изменил свое мнение.)
used to drive – had (Моя мама раньше много водила машину, пока не попала в ту аварию.)
used to work – dropped (Этот телефон хорошо работал до того, как мой сын его уронил.)
used to work – got (Мэри раньше работала в отеле, но затем она вышла замуж.)
used to play – broke (Раньше он играл в баскетбол, пока не сломал ногу.)
is used to (Джек привык готовить самому себе, когда приходит с работы домой.)
used to (Я помню, как мы постоянно слушали рок-н-ролл.)
used to (Пэм часами сидела перед зеркалом, когда была подростком.)
are not used to (Они не привыкли к японской кухне.)
used to (Наш город был когда-то промышленным центром.)
isn’t used to (Мой сын не привык ложиться спать так рано.)
used to (Раньше мы встречали его каждый день.)
am not used to (Я не привык ездить по левой стороне дороги.)
1) After his football match, Bob would often come home exhausted.
2) You used to like him. – Yes, but now I hate him!
3) She used to live in London before the war, and then she moved to New York.
4) I remember we used to go fishing every morning when I was a child.
5) The children would often help me make a cake. They still do sometimes.
6) He used to be a very good tennis player, until he broke his ankle.
7) My grandfather used to swim in the river. Unfortunately, now it’s forbidden.
6. Carol used to have long dark hair, didn’t she?
I have never driven an automatic car before, but I am sure I will soon get used to it.
When we were little, mum would always read us a bedtime story.
I am surprised you are not tired. I didn’t know you are used to walking long distances.
I remember Uncle Bob very well, because he would always bring us some sweets.
‘How do you know that woman?’ ‘She used to work with me.’
They are used to the cold.
I am not used to getting up early and find it hard.
I used to exercise often when I was younger.
My brother used to travel a lot before he got married.
Do you remember the things we used to do when we were kids?
Tom wasn’t used to using a computer, but now he enjoys it.
Exercise 1. Put the words in the right order to make sentences. – Поставьте слова в правильном порядке, чтобы составить предложения:
- used – we – France – in – to – live
- getting – I’m – to – here – living – now – used
- gym – get – I’ll – to – used – to – going – the – soon
- hair – blonde – she – have – to – used
- neighbor – I’m – used – not – my – to – new
- quickly – they – countryside – used to – got – in – to – the – living – very
- used to – Mel – home – work – walking – from – is
- can’t – Sam – divorce – used to – living – after – get – alone
1. We used to live in France.
2. I’m getting used to living here now.
3. I’ll get used to going to the gym soon.
4. She used to have blond hair.
5. I’m not used to my new neighbor.
6. They got used to living in the countryside very quickly.
7. Mel is used to walking home from work.
8. Sam can’t get used to living alone after divorce.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer a, b or c: — Выберите правильный ответ a, b или c :
- used to have
- didn’t use to have
- not used to have
2. I couldn’t sleep last night at all because I _______________ my new bed.
- not used to
- wasn’t used to
- didn’t get use to
3. When Adam got a job, he _______________ getting up early very quickly.
- used to
- got used to
- get used to
4. When I moved to Norway, it was hard for me to _______________ cold summer. But now I’m OK with it.
- am used to
- get used to
- be used to
5. I know this company, but I ___________________ work there.
- used to
- didn’t use to
- didn’t used to
6. This computer is very easy to use. You _______________ in a day, I’m sure.
- got used to
- will be get used to
- will get used to
7. At first Michael didn’t like his new boss, but finally he _________________ her.
- got used to
- is used to
- get used to
8. Our new colleague is very lazy and I don’t think he ____________________ working hard in our company.
- is used to
- used to
- will get used to
9. Dan ________________ married, but now he is single again.
- used to be
- got used to be
- did used to be
10. When I was a child, I ______________ play computer games a lot.
- used to
- was used to
- got used to
1-a, 2-b, 3-b, 4-b, 5-b, 6-c, 7-a, 8-c, 9-a, 10-a
Exercise 3. Complete the sentences with correct forms of used to/be used to/get used to. Use negative forms where necessary.
- When Kate moved to England, she couldn’t ________________ British accent.
- I know Mary, we _________________ go to the same cooking class.
- We _________________ local food, it’s too spicy.
- It’s difficult for American drivers to ________________ driving on the left side of the road in Britain.
- Have you seen Sam’s new car? Before he got it, he’d ________________ get to work by bus.
- Working overtime isn’t a problem for me. I __________________ it. I did the same at my previous job.
- When Tina lived with her parents, she __________________ have a big house, but now she lives in a small room and she finds it difficult ___________________ it.
- I _______________ working in this company very quickly, people are very friendly here.
- When he was younger, Mike ___________________ go camping a lot. But now he does it very often and enjoys it so much.
- I don’t like going to the discos because I __________________ that kind of music.
Рассмотрим такой пример:
They used to live in London. – Раньше они жили в Лондоне.
В данном предложении сообщается о действии, которое происходило в прошлом (они жили в Лондоне), но сейчас они там не живут.
2. Used to/would: построение утвердительных, вопросительных и отрицательных предложений
Для построения вопросительных высказываний с оборотом used to нам понадобится вспомогательный глагол did (так как действие прошедшее), а сам оборот необходимо поставить в первую форму (useto).
Did they use to live in London?
Where did they use to live?
Для составления отрицательного высказывания к вспомогательному глаголу did необходимо добавить отрицательную частицу not, либо использовать сокращенную форму didn’t.
They did not use to live in London.
Чтобы построить вопросительные и отрицательныевысказывания с глаголом would, нам не понадобится вспомогательный глагол did, так как would – это модальный глагол. В вопросе мы просто вынесем would на первое место перед подлежащим, а в отрицании – прибавим к нему частицу not.
3. Особенности использования would и used to
Мы используем would и used to как альтернативу для PastSimple для повторяющихся привычных действий в прошлом, которые происходили на протяжении определенного периода времени, но в настоящее время уже не происходят.
When we were children we used to spend our money on sweets and ice-cream. – Когда мы были детьми, мы тратили деньги на сладости и мороженое.
We would feel sick in the afternoons. – Днем мы чувствовали себя плохо.
Would и used toуказывают на отдаленность действия и его продолжительность. Если мы однажды употребили один из этих оборотов, то далее в контексте мы можем использовать время Past Simple.
We used to go to the country in summer. We went fishing and played volleyball.
Необходимо отметить, что мы не обязаны употреблять would и used to в каждой ситуации. Эти обороты всегда можно заменить временем Past Simple. Но, все же, не следует ими пренебрегать, так как они делают английскую речь намного естественней.
Несмотря на то, что оба оборота описывают повторяющееся действие в прошлом, между ними есть некоторые различия. Так, например, если мы говорим о длительном состоянии в прошлом, то мы можем использовать только used to. Посмотрите на ситуацию, в которой would не может быть употреблено.
We used to live in the town center. – Раньше мы жили в центре города.
There used to be 3 cinemas in this street. – На этой улице раньше было три кинотеатра.
Мы можем использовать и would и used to для описания повторяющихся состояний, которые связаны с определенным контекстом, даже если эти состояния повторяются неоднократно.
She would usually be hungry when she got home from school. – Она, обычно, бывала голодна, когда приходила из школы.
When her father spoke, I wouldn’t understand anything. – Когда ее папа говорил, я ничего непонимал.
Если мы хотим начать новую тему разговора и нам неважно, когда именно происходило какое-то действие, то мы должны использовать used to. Would же используется тогда, когда время и место действия были заранее уточнены.
I used to buy that stuff but it’s a waste of money, you know. – Раньше я это покупал, но это, знаете ли, пустая трата денег.
Если же в тексте указано, сколько раз и как долго происходило действие, мы не можем использовать ни would ни used to. Вместо них мы используем PastSimple.
I wrote him twice during the summer. – Я писал ему дважды за лето.
Обратите внимание, что would часто используется с наречиями, определяющими периодичность, например: always, usually, sometimes, every.
Также следует отметить, что оборот used to отличается произношением от глагола use, хоть и пишутся они одинаково.
В предложении used to и would обычно ставятся в безударное положение.
5. Упражнения
Чтобы лучше понять и усвоить особенности употребления оборотов would и used to, необходимо выполнить следующее упражнение.
Выберите из скобок подходящий оборот:
1) After his football match, Bob (would/used to) often come home exhausted.
2) You (would/used to) like him. – Yes, but now I hate him!
3) She (would/used to) live in London before the war, and then she moved to New York.
4) I remember we (would/used to) go fishing every morning when I was a child.
5) The children (would/used to) often help me make a cake. They still do sometimes.
6) He (would/used to) be a very good tennis player, until he broke his ankle.
7) My grandfather (would/used to) swim in the river. Unfortunately, now it’s forbidden.
От веты к упражнению:
1) After his football match, Bob would often come home exhausted.
2) You used to like him. – Yes, but now I hate him!
3) She used to live in London before the war, and then she moved to New York.
4) I remember we used to go fishing every morning when I was a child.
5) The children would often help me make a cake. They still do sometimes.
6) He used to be a very good tennis player, until he broke his ankle.
7) My grandfather used to swim in the river. Unfortunately, now it’s forbidden.
Вопросы к конспектам
Переведите на английский язык, используя would,used to либо Past Simple:
а) Раньше он выкуривал 10 сигарет в день.
б) Когда Макс злился, он всегда уходил из дома.
в) А ты ел ириски, когда был маленьким?
г) Мы часто ходили купаться на озеро, когда жили у бабушки.
д) Раньше я думал, что он глупый, но теперь я понимаю, насколько он умен.
е) Они встречались три раза той осенью.
ж) Раньше я не пила зеленый чай.
з) В прошлом году мама разговаривала со своей сестрой всего несколько раз.
Конструкция usedto. Упражнения
Упражнение 1. Используйте правильную форму глагола. WhenIwasachild ...
I used to go/used to gone on a hike with my mum and dad every weekend.
I used not to visit/didn’t use to visit any faraway places.
I didn’t used to read/didn’t use to read fantasy.
We use to spent/used to spend summer in the country.
Children used to wear/used to wore ugly uniforms at school.
I used disliked /used to dislike sightseeing.
Children use to were/used to be friendlier.
Упражнение 2. Перепишите предложения, использовав usedto в нужной форме.
Example: She was a Science teacher. She isn’t now. - She used to be a Science teacher.
1.We didn’t have a dishwasher when I was little. 2. Jim played in the team last year. He doesn’t play anymore. 3. I knew few famous people. Now many of them are my friends. 4. My granny enjoyed knitting. Now she prefers outdoor activities. 5. My skin looked pale in spring. Now I’m sun-tanned. 6. My sister doesn’t live with us anymore. She got married and moved to Paris.
Упражнение 3. Дополнитеинтервьюследующимифразами :
use to work, used to laugh, use to like, used to hate, used to be, used to work
Interviewer: Where did you grow up?
Bianka: West London. And it wasn’t such a nice place at that time. There (1) _________lots of factories around that made the place look ugly. It’schanged a lotsincethen.
Interviewer: Did you go to school there?
Bianka: No, I didn’t. My school was ten kilometres away. I had to ride a bike.
Interviewer: What lessons did you (2) ________________?
Bianka: Believe it or not, I (3) _____________ Music. I always sang too loudly and everybody (4) _______at me. My favourite lessons were Maths and PE.
Interviewer: Did you (5) ________ after school or on holidays?
Bianka: I did. I (6) __________ at one of the music studius in the area. Just making tea and coffee, you know. Then one day one of the studio bosses heard me singing in the kitchen and they decided to give it a try!
Упражнение 4. Составьте вопросы из слов.
1. you like What use did look to?
2. did What like you to use?
3. do you use didn’t to What?
4. you did to use What about dream?
5. games to did you What play use?
Упражнение 5. Прочтите истории людей о своем детстве, переведите предложения с usedto.
I used to think that the orange and green tic-tacs gave you special powers. The orange ones would make you stronger and the green ones would make you faster. So I used to eat some green ones and run around my room as fast as I could, then eat the orange ones and try to pick up the sofa. I wishitweretrue! Chuck
I used to believe that butterflies could eat your nose. Kate G.
I used to believe that if I dug a hole big enough in beach sand, I woidd reach China and meet a China boy. Mckenzie
I used to believe that my stuffed animals would get lonely and sad when I was gone. I had to leave them at least in pairs so they had a friend to talk to. Jualie
I was 14 years old and my mother was talking about Veterans Day coming up. I looked at her and said, “Ya know, mom, I have never understood why they have a day to celebrate Veterinarians... I mean it’s great that they take care of animals but why is it so special to everyone?” My mom started laughing so hard I thought she was going to go rolling on the ground. When she finally could gather herself she looked at me and said, “Is that what you have thought your whole life?” and then started laughing again. Took her about 30 minutes before she would explain that I was wrong... I feltlikeanidiot! Nikkie
Конструкции used to и be used to
1. Образуйте отрицательные предложения, используя конструкции used to или be used to.
Пример: He used to live in France. (Когда-то он жил во Франции.) - He didn’t use to live in France.
We are used to working at nights. (Мы привыкли работать по ночам.) - We aren’t used to working at nights.
People used to make their own cheese and butter. (Бывало, люди готовили свой собственный сыр и масло.)
My sister used to wear jeans. (Когда-то моя сестра носила джинсы.)
I am used to rude neighbours. (Я привыкла к грубым соседям.)
Jill used to eat raw fish. (Бывало, Джилл ела сырую рыбу.)
Tom is used to cycling to school. (Том привык ездить в школу на велосипеде.)
2. Раскройте скобки, используя конструкцию used to, и напишите о том, что люди делали раньше, но не делают сейчас. Переведите предложения.
Ann … (buy) white bread, but now she buys brown bread.
Susan … (drink) black coffee, but now she drinks white.
Henry … (smoke) a pipe, but now he doesn’t smoke at all.
My dad … (run) 5 km every day, but now he doesn’t run.
My wife … (spend) much money on clothes, but now she spends it on travelling.
3. Раскройте скобки, поставив один из глаголов в форму Past Simple, а другой - с использованием конструкции used to.
Н-р: He … (live) in New York before he … (enter) Oxford University. - He used to live in New York before he entered Oxford University. (Когда-то он жил в Нью-Йорке, пока не поступил в Оксфордский университет.)
I … (earn) enough money, but then I … (lose) my job.
Bob … (not like) football, but then he … (change) his mind.
My mum … (drive) a lot before she … (have) that accident.
This telephone … (work) well before my son … (drop) it.
Mary … (work) in a hotel, but then she … (get) married.
He … (play) basketball before he … (break) his leg.
4. Выберите верный вариант и переведите.
Jack … (used to/is used to) cooking for himself when he comes home from work.
I remember how we … (used to/are used to) listen to rock-n-roll music all the time.
Pam … (used to/is used to) spend hours in front of the mirror when she was a teenager.
They … (didn’t use to/are not used to) eating Japanese food.
Our town … (used to/is used to) be an industrial centre.
My son … (didn’t use to/isn’t used to) going to bed so early.
We … (used to/are used to) meet him every day.
I … (didn’t use to/am not used to) driving on the left.
5. Выберите из скобок подходящий оборот:
1) After his football match, Bob (would/used to) often come home exhausted.
2) You (would/used to) like him. - Yes, but now I hate him!
3) She (would/used to) live in London before the war, and then she moved to New York.
4) I remember we (would/used to) go fishing every morning when I was a child.
5) The children (would/used to) often help me make a cake. They still do sometimes.
6) He (would/used to) be a very good tennis player, until he broke his ankle.
7) My grandfather (would/used to) swim in the river. Unfortunately, now it’s forbidden.
6. Выберите правильный ответ
1. Carol ……………to have long dark hair, didn’t she?
2. I have never driven an automatic car before, but I am sure I will soon……………to it.
3. When we were little, mum……………always read us a bedtime story.
4. I am surprised you are not tired. I didn’t know you……………to walking long distances.
5. I remember Uncle Bob very well, because he……………always bring us some sweets.
6. ‘How do you know that woman?’ ‘She ……………to work with me.’
7. They……………to the cold.
8. I……………to getting up early and find it hard.
a) will get used
9. I……………to exercise often when I was younger.
b) will get used
10. My brother……………to travel a lot before he got married.
11. Do you remember the things we……………to do when we were kids?
12. Tom……………to using a computer, but now he enjoys it.
b) will get used
c) wasn’t used
Ответы:
People didn’t use to make their own cheese and butter.
My sister didn’t use to wear jeans.
I’m not used to rude neighbours.
Jill didn’t use to eat raw fish.
Tom isn’t used to cycling to school.
used to buy (Раньше Анна покупала белый хлеб, но сейчас она покупает коричневый.)
used to drink (Сюзан раньше пила черный кофе, но теперь пьет кофе с молоком.)
used to smoke (Когда-то Генри курил сигару, но сейчас он вообще не курит.)
used to run (Раньше мой отец бегал по 5 км в день, а сейчас не бегает.)
used to spend (Моя жена раньше тратила много денег на одежду, но теперь тратит их на путешествия.)
used to earn - lost (Когда-то я зарабатывал достаточно денег, но затем потерял работу.)
didn’t use to like - changed (Боб раньше не любил футбол, но потом он изменил свое мнение.)
used to drive - had (Моя мама раньше много водила машину, пока не попала в ту аварию.)
used to work - dropped (Этот телефон хорошо работал до того, как мой сын его уронил.)
used to work - got (Мэри раньше работала в отеле, но затем она вышла замуж.)
used to play - broke (Раньше он играл в баскетбол, пока не сломал ногу.)
is used to (Джек привык готовить самому себе, когда приходит с работы домой.)
used to (Я помню, как мы постоянно слушали рок-н-ролл.)
used to (Пэм часами сидела перед зеркалом, когда была подростком.)
are not used to (Они не привыкли к японской кухне.)
used to (Наш город был когда-то промышленным центром.)
isn’t used to (Мой сын не привык ложиться спать так рано.)
used to (Раньше мы встречали его каждый день.)
am not used to (Я не привык ездить по левой стороне дороги.)
1) After his football match, Bob would often come home exhausted.
2) You used to like him. - Yes, but now I hate him!
3) She used to live in London before the war, and then she moved to New York.
4) I remember we used to go fishing every morning when I was a child.
5) The children would often help me make a cake. They still do sometimes.
6) He used to be a very good tennis player, until he broke his ankle.
7) My grandfather used to swim in the river. Unfortunately, now it’s forbidden.
6. Carol used to have long dark hair, didn’t she?
I have never driven an automatic car before, but I am sure I will soon get used to it.
When we were little, mum would always read us a bedtime story.
I am surprised you are not tired. I didn’t know you are used to walking long distances.
I remember Uncle Bob very well, because he would always bring us some sweets.
‘How do you know that woman?’ ‘She used to work with me.’
They are used to the cold.
I am not used to getting up early and find it hard.
I used to exercise often when I was younger.
My brother used to travel a lot before he got married.
Do you remember the things we used to do when we were kids?
Tom wasn’t used to using a computer, but now he enjoys it.
